Form 10-K for Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2006
Table of Contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

ANNUAL REPORT

PURSUANT TO SECTIONS 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

(Mark One)

[ü] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES

EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006

or

[    ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES

EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                  to                 

Commission file number:

1-6523

Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter:

Bank of America Corporation

State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization:

Delaware

IRS Employer Identification No.:

56-0906609

Address of Principal Executive Offices:

Bank of America Corporate Center

100 N. Tryon Street

Charlotte, North Carolina 28255

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:

(704) 386-5681

SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:

 

Title of each class

   Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock

   New York Stock Exchange
   London Stock Exchange
   Tokyo Stock Exchange

Depositary Shares each representing a 1/1000th interest in a share of:

  

    6.204% Non-cumulative Preferred Stock, Series D

   New York Stock Exchange

    Floating Rate Non-cumulative Preferred Stock, Series E

   New York Stock Exchange

S&P 500® Index Return Linked Notes, due July 2, 2007

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Index EAGLESSM, due June 1, 2010, Linked to the Nasdaq-100 Index®

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Index EAGLES®, due June 28, 2010, Linked to the S&P 500® Index

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return—Return Linked Notes, due June 24, 2010, Linked to the Nikkei 225 Index

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Basket EAGLESSM, due August 2, 2010, Linked to a Basket of Energy Stocks

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Index EAGLES®, due August 28, 2009, Linked to the Russell 2000® Index

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Index EAGLES®, due September 25, 2009, Linked to the Dow Jones Industrial AverageSM

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Index EAGLES®, due October 29, 2010, Linked to the Nasdaq-100 Index®

   American Stock Exchange

1.50% Index CYCLESTM, due November 26, 2010, Linked to the S&P 500® Index

   American Stock Exchange

1.00% Index CYCLESTM, due December 28, 2010, Linked to the S&P MidCap 400 Index

   American Stock Exchange

Return Linked Notes due June 28, 2010, Linked to the Nikkei 225 Index

   American Stock Exchange

1.00% Index CYCLESTM, due January 28, 2011, Linked to a Basket of Health Care Stocks

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Index EAGLES®, due January 28, 2011, Linked to the Russell 2000® Index

   American Stock Exchange

0.25% Cash-Settled Exchangeable Notes, due January 26, 2010, Linked to the Nasdaq-100 Index®

   American Stock Exchange


Table of Contents

Title of each class

   Name of each exchange on which registered

1.25% Index CYCLESTM, due February 24, 2010, Linked to the S&P 500® Index

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Index EAGLES®, due March 27, 2009, Linked to the Nasdaq-100 Index®

   American Stock Exchange

1.75% Basket CYCLESTM, due April 30, 2009, Linked to a Basket of Three Indices

   American Stock Exchange

1.00% Basket CYCLESTM, due May 27, 2010, Linked to a "70/30" Basket of Four Indices and an Exchange Traded Fund

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Index EAGLES®, due June 25, 2010, Linked to the Dow Jones Industrial AverageSM

   American Stock Exchange

1.50% Basket CYCLESTM, due July 29, 2011, Linked to an "80/20" Basket of Four Indices and an Exchange Traded Fund

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Index EAGLES®, due August 28, 2009, Linked to the AMEX Biotechnology IndexSM

   American Stock Exchange

1.25% Index CYCLESTM, due August 25, 2010, Linked to the Dow Jones Industrial AverageSM

   American Stock Exchange

1.25% Basket CYCLESTM, due September 27, 2011, Linked to a Basket of Four Indices

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Basket EAGLESSM, due September 29, 2010, Linked to a Basket of Energy Stocks

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Index EAGLES®, due October 29, 2010, Linked to the S&P 500® Index

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Index EAGLES®, due November 23, 2010, Linked to the Nasdaq-100 Index®

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Index EAGLES®, due November 24, 2010, Linked to the CBOE China Index

   American Stock Exchange

1.25% Basket CYCLESTM, due December 27, 2010, Linked to a "70/30" Basket of Four Indices and an Exchange Traded Fund

   American Stock Exchange

1.50% Index CYCLESTM, due December 28, 2011, Linked to a Basket of Health Care Stocks

   American Stock Exchange

6 1/2% Subordinated InterNotesSM, due 2032

   New York Stock Exchange

5 1/2% Subordinated InterNotesSM, due 2033

   New York Stock Exchange

5 7/8% Subordinated InterNotesSM, due 2033

   New York Stock Exchange

6% Subordinated InterNotesSM, due 2034

   New York Stock Exchange

8 1/2% Subordinated Notes, due 2007

   New York Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Index EAGLES, due March 25, 2011, Linked to the Dow Jones Industrial Average

   New York Stock Exchange

1.625% Index CYCLES, due March 23, 2010, Linked to the Nikkei 225 Index

   New York Stock Exchange

1.75% Index CYCLES, due April 28, 2011, Linked to the S&P 500 Index

   American Stock Exchange

Return Linked Notes, due August 26, 2010, Linked to a Basket of Three Indices

   American Stock Exchange

Return Linked Notes, due June 27, 2011, Linked to an “80/20” Basket of Four Indices and an Exchange Traded Fund

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Index EAGLES, due July 29, 2010, Linked to the S&P 500 Index

   American Stock Exchange

Return Linked Notes, due January 28, 2011, Linked to a Basket of Two Indices

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Index EAGLES, due August 26, 2010, Linked to the Dow Jones Industrial Average

   American Stock Exchange

Return Linked Notes, due August 25, 2011, Linked to the Dow Jones EURO STOXX 50 Index

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Index EAGLES, due October 3, 2011, Linked to the S&P 500 Index

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Index EAGLES, due October 28, 2011, Linked to the AMEX Biotechnology Index

   American Stock Exchange

Return Linked Notes, due October 27, 2011, Linked to a Basket of Three Indices

   American Stock Exchange

Return Linked Notes, due November 22, 2010, Linked to a Basket of Two Indices

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Index EAGLES, due November 23, 2011, Linked to a Basket of Five Indices

   American Stock Exchange

Minimum Return Index EAGLES, due December 27, 2011, Linked to the Dow Jones Industrial average

   American Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.   Yes  ü  No    

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.   Yes    No  ü

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes  ü  No    

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer” and “large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer  ü   Accelerated filer       Non-accelerated filer    

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes    No  ü

The aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock (“Common Stock”) held by non-affiliates is approximately $213,260,291,645 (based on the June 30, 2006 closing price of Common Stock of $48.10 per share as reported on the New York Stock Exchange). As of February 26, 2007, there were 4,472,315,428 shares of Common Stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

Document of the Registrant    Form 10-K Reference Locations

Portions of the 2007 Proxy Statement

   PART III

 



Table of Contents

Part I

 

 

Item 1. BUSINESS

 

 

General

 

Bank of America Corporation (“Bank of America” or the “Corporation”) is a Delaware corporation, a bank holding company and a financial holding company under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act. We were incorporated in 1998 as part of the merger of BankAmerica Corporation with NationsBank Corporation. Our principal executive offices are located in the Bank of America Corporate Center, Charlotte, North Carolina 28255.

Through our banking subsidiaries (the “Banks”) and various nonbanking subsidiaries throughout the United States and in selected international markets, we provide a diversified range of banking and nonbanking financial services and products through three business segments: Global Consumer and Small Business Banking, Global Corporate and Investment Banking and Global Wealth and Investment Management. We currently operate in 30 states, the District of Columbia and 44 foreign countries. The Bank of America footprint covers more than 75 percent of the U.S. population and 44 percent of the country’s wealthy households. In the United States, we serve more than 55 million consumer and small business relationships with more than 5,700 retail banking offices, more than 17,000 ATMs and more than 21 million active on-line users. We offer services in 16 of the 20 fastest growing states. Bank of America is the number one small business bank, and has relationships with 98 percent of the U.S. Fortune 500 Companies and 80 percent of the Global Fortune 500 Companies.

Additional information relating to our businesses and our subsidiaries is included in the information set forth in pages 25 through 42 of Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Note 20 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report.

Bank of America’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are available on our website at http://investor.bankofamerica.com under the heading Complete SEC Filings as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). In addition, we make available on http://investor.bankofamerica.com under the heading Corporate Governance our: (i) Code of Ethics and Insider Trading Policy; (ii) Corporate Governance Guidelines; and (iii) the charters of each of Bank of America’s Board committees, and we also intend to disclose any amendments to our Code of Ethics, or waivers of our Code of Ethics on behalf of our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer or Chief Accounting Officer, on our website. All of these corporate governance materials are also available free of charge in print to stockholders who request them in writing to: Bank of America Corporation, Attention: Shareholder Relations Department, 101 South Tryon Street, NC1-002-29-01, Charlotte, North Carolina 28255.

 

Competition

 

The activities in which Bank of America and our subsidiaries engage are highly competitive. Generally, the lines of activity and markets served involve competition with banks, thrifts, credit unions and nonbank financial institutions, such as investment banking firms, investment advisory firms, brokerage firms, investment companies and insurance companies. We also compete against banks and thrifts owned by nonregulated diversified corporations and other entities which offer financial services and through alternative delivery channels such as the Internet. The methods of competition center around various factors, such as customer service, interest rates on loans and deposits, quality and range of products, lending limits and customer convenience, such as locations of offices.

The commercial banking business in the various local markets served by our subsidiaries is highly competitive. We compete with banks, thrifts, finance companies and other businesses which provide similar services. We actively compete in commercial lending activities with local, regional and international banks and nonbank financial organizations, some of which are larger than certain of our nonbanking subsidiaries and the Banks. In our consumer lending operations, our competitors include banks, thrifts, credit unions, finance companies and other nonbank organizations offering financial services. In the investment banking, investment advisory and brokerage business, our nonbanking subsidiaries compete with U.S. and international banking and investment banking firms, investment advisory firms, brokerage firms, investment

 

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companies, other organizations offering similar services and other investment alternatives available to investors, some of which are larger than our nonbanking subsidiaries. Our mortgage banking units compete with banks, thrifts, government agencies, mortgage brokers and other nonbank organizations offering mortgage banking services. Our card business competes in the U.S. and internationally with banks, as well as monoline and retail card product companies. In the trust business, the Banks compete with other banks, investment counselors and insurance companies in national markets for institutional funds and insurance agents, thrifts, financial counselors and other fiduciaries for personal trust business. We also actively compete for funds. A primary source of funds for the Banks is deposits, and competition for deposits includes other deposit-taking organizations, such as banks, thrifts, and credit unions, as well as money market mutual funds. Bank of America also competes for funding in the domestic and international short-term and long-term debt securities capital markets.

Our ability to expand into additional states remains subject to various federal and state laws. See “Government Supervision and Regulation—General” below for a more detailed discussion of interstate banking and branching legislation and certain state legislation.

 

Employees

 

As of December 31, 2006, there were 203,425 full-time equivalent employees within Bank of America and our subsidiaries. Of these employees, 100,909 were employed within Global Consumer and Small Business Banking, 26,622 were employed within Global Corporate and Investment Banking and 13,728 were employed within Global Wealth and Investment Management. The remainder were employed elsewhere within our company including various staff and support functions.

None of our domestic employees is subject to a collective bargaining agreement. Management considers our employee relations to be good.

 

Acquisition and Disposition Activity

 

As part of our operations, we regularly evaluate the potential acquisition of, and hold discussions with, various financial institutions and other businesses of a type eligible for financial holding company ownership or control. In addition, we regularly analyze the values of, and submit bids for, the acquisition of customer-based funds and other liabilities and assets of such financial institutions and other businesses. We also regularly consider the potential disposition of certain of its assets, branches, subsidiaries or lines of businesses. As a general rule, we publicly announce any material acquisitions or dispositions when a definitive agreement has been reached.

On January 1, 2006, Bank of America completed our merger with MBNA Corporation. Additional information on the MBNA merger is included under Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 which is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Government Supervision and Regulation

 

The following discussion describes elements of an extensive regulatory framework applicable to bank holding companies, financial holding companies and banks and specific information about Bank of America and our subsidiaries. Federal regulation of banks, bank holding companies and financial holding companies is intended primarily for the protection of depositors and the Deposit Insurance Fund rather than for the protection of stockholders and creditors.

General

As a registered bank holding company and financial holding company, Bank of America is subject to the supervision of, and regular inspection by, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve Board”). The Banks are organized as national banking associations, which are subject to regulation, supervision and examination by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the “Comptroller” or “OCC”), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”), the Federal Reserve Board, other federal and state regulatory agencies, and with respect to Bank of America’s operations in the United Kingdom, the Financial Services Authority (the “FSA”). In addition to banking laws, regulations and regulatory agencies, Bank of America and our subsidiaries and affiliates are subject to various other laws and regulations and supervision and examination by other regulatory agencies, all of which directly or indirectly affect the operations and management of Bank of America and our ability to make distributions to stockholders.

 

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A financial holding company, and the companies under its control, are permitted to engage in activities considered “financial in nature” as defined by the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act and Federal Reserve Board interpretations (including, without limitation, insurance and securities activities), and therefore may engage in a broader range of activities than permitted for bank holding companies and their subsidiaries. A financial holding company may engage directly or indirectly in activities considered financial in nature, either de novo or by acquisition, provided the financial holding company gives the Federal Reserve Board after-the-fact notice of the new activities. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act also permits national banks, such as the Banks, to engage in activities considered financial in nature through a financial subsidiary, subject to certain conditions and limitations and with the approval of the OCC.

Bank holding companies (including bank holding companies that also are financial holding companies) also are required to obtain the prior approval of the Federal Reserve Board before acquiring more than five percent of any class of voting stock of any non-affiliated bank. Pursuant to the Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994 (the “Interstate Banking and Branching Act”), a bank holding company may acquire banks located in states other than its home state without regard to the permissibility of such acquisitions under state law, but subject to any state requirement that the bank has been organized and operating for a minimum period of time, not to exceed five years, and the requirement that the bank holding company, after the proposed acquisition, controls no more than 10 percent of the total amount of deposits of insured depository institutions in the United States and no more than 30 percent or such lesser or greater amount set by state law of such deposits in that state. Subject to certain restrictions, the Interstate Banking and Branching Act also authorizes banks to merge across state lines to create interstate banks. The Interstate Banking and Branching Act also permits a bank to open new branches in a state in which it does not already have banking operations if such state enacts a law permitting de novo branching.

Changes in Regulations

Proposals to change the laws and regulations governing the banking industry are frequently introduced in Congress, in the state legislatures and before the various bank regulatory agencies. The likelihood and timing of any proposals or legislation and the impact they might have on Bank of America and our subsidiaries cannot be determined at this time.

Capital and Operational Requirements

The Federal Reserve Board, the OCC and the FDIC have issued substantially similar risk-based and leverage capital guidelines applicable to United States banking organizations. In addition, these regulatory agencies may from time to time require that a banking organization maintain capital above the minimum levels, whether because of its financial condition or actual or anticipated growth. The Federal Reserve Board risk-based guidelines define a three-tier capital framework. Tier 1 capital includes common shareholders’ equity, trust preferred securities, minority interests and qualifying preferred stock, less goodwill and other adjustments. Tier 2 capital consists of preferred stock not qualifying as Tier 1 capital, mandatory convertible debt, limited amounts of subordinated debt, other qualifying term debt and the allowance for credit losses up to 1.25 percent of risk-weighted assets and other adjustments. Tier 3 capital includes subordinated debt that is unsecured, fully paid, has an original maturity of at least two years, is not redeemable before maturity without prior approval by the Federal Reserve Board and includes a lock-in clause precluding payment of either interest or principal if the payment would cause the issuing bank’s risk-based capital ratio to fall or remain below the required minimum. The sum of Tier 1 and Tier 2 capital less investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries represents our qualifying total capital. Risk-based capital ratios are calculated by dividing Tier 1 and total capital by risk-weighted assets. Assets and off-balance sheet exposures are assigned to one of four categories of risk-weights, based primarily on relative credit risk. The minimum Tier 1 capital ratio is four percent and the minimum total capital ratio is eight percent. Our Tier 1 and total risk-based capital ratios under these guidelines at December 31, 2006 were 8.64 percent and 11.88 percent, respectively. At December 31, 2006, we had no subordinated debt that qualified as Tier 3 capital.

The leverage ratio is determined by dividing Tier 1 capital by adjusted average total assets. Although the stated minimum ratio is 100 to 200 basis points above three percent, banking organizations are required to maintain a ratio of at least five percent to be classified as well capitalized. Our leverage ratio at December 31, 2006 was 6.36 percent. We exceed our leverage ratio requirement.

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 (“FDICIA”), among other things, identifies five capital categories for insured depository institutions (well capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized and critically undercapitalized) and requires the respective federal regulatory agencies to implement systems for “prompt corrective action” for insured depository institutions that do not meet minimum capital requirements

 

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within such categories. FDICIA imposes progressively more restrictive constraints on operations, management and capital distributions, depending on the category in which an institution is classified. Failure to meet the capital guidelines could also subject a banking institution to capital raising requirements. An “undercapitalized” bank must develop a capital restoration plan and its parent holding company must guarantee that bank’s compliance with the plan. The liability of the parent holding company under any such guarantee is limited to the lesser of five percent of the bank’s assets at the time it became “undercapitalized” or the amount needed to comply with the plan. Furthermore, in the event of the bankruptcy of the parent holding company, such guarantee would take priority over the parent’s general unsecured creditors. In addition, FDICIA requires the various regulatory agencies to prescribe certain non-capital standards for safety and soundness relating generally to operations and management, asset quality and executive compensation and permits regulatory action against a financial institution that does not meet such standards.

The various regulatory agencies have adopted substantially similar regulations that define the five capital categories identified by FDICIA, using the total risk-based capital, Tier 1 risk-based capital and leverage capital ratios as the relevant capital measures. Such regulations establish various degrees of corrective action to be taken when an institution is considered undercapitalized. Under the regulations, a “well capitalized” institution must have a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of at least six percent, a total risk-based capital ratio of at least ten percent and a leverage ratio of at least five percent and not be subject to a capital directive order. Under these guidelines, each of the Banks was considered well capitalized as of December 31, 2006.

Regulators also must take into consideration: (a) concentrations of credit risk; (b) interest rate risk; and (c) risks from non-traditional activities, as well as an institution’s ability to manage those risks, when determining the adequacy of an institution’s capital. This evaluation will be made as a part of the institution’s regular safety and soundness examination. In addition, Bank of America, and any Bank with significant trading activity, must incorporate a measure for market risk in their regulatory capital calculations.

Distributions

Our funds for cash distributions to our stockholders are derived from a variety of sources, including cash and temporary investments. The primary source of such funds, and funds used to pay principal and interest on our indebtedness, is dividends received from the Banks. Each of the Banks is subject to various regulatory policies and requirements relating to the payment of dividends, including requirements to maintain capital above regulatory minimums. The appropriate federal regulatory authority is authorized to determine under certain circumstances relating to the financial condition of a bank or bank holding company that the payment of dividends would be an unsafe or unsound practice and to prohibit payment thereof.

In addition, the ability of Bank of America and the Banks to pay dividends may be affected by the various minimum capital requirements and the capital and non-capital standards established under FDICIA, as described above. The right of Bank of America, our stockholders and our creditors to participate in any distribution of the assets or earnings of its subsidiaries is further subject to the prior claims of creditors of the respective subsidiaries.

Source of Strength

According to Federal Reserve Board policy, bank holding companies are expected to act as a source of financial strength to each subsidiary bank and to commit resources to support each such subsidiary. This support may be required at times when a bank holding company may not be able to provide such support. Similarly, under the cross-guarantee provisions of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, in the event of a loss suffered or anticipated by the FDIC–either as a result of default of a banking subsidiary or related to FDIC assistance provided to a subsidiary in danger of default–the other Banks may be assessed for the FDIC’s loss, subject to certain exceptions.

 

Additional Information

 

See also the following additional information which is incorporated herein by reference: Net Interest Income (under the captions “Financial Highlights—Net Interest Income” and “Supplemental Financial Data” in Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations (the “MD&A”) and Tables I, II and XIII of the Statistical Financial Information); Securities (under the caption “Interest Rate Risk Management—Securities” in the MD&A and Notes 1 and 5 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplemental Data (the “Notes”)); Outstanding Loans and Leases (under the caption “Credit Risk Management” in the MD&A, Table III of

 

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the Statistical Financial Information, and Notes 1 and 6 of the Notes); Deposits (under the caption “Liquidity Risk and Capital Management—Liquidity Risk” in the MD&A and Note 11 of the Notes); Short-Term Borrowings (under the caption “Liquidity Risk and Capital Management—Liquidity Risk” in the MD&A, Table IX of the Statistical Financial Information and Note 12 of the Notes); Trading Account Assets and Liabilities (under the caption “Market Risk Management—Trading Risk Management” in the MD&A and Note 3 of the Notes); Market Risk Management (under the caption “Market Risk Management” in the MD&A); Liquidity Risk Management (under the caption “Liquidity Risk and Capital Management” in the MD&A); Operational Risk Management (under the caption “Operational Risk Management” in the MD&A); and Performance by Geographic Area (under Note 22 of the Notes).

 

Item 1A. RISK FACTORS

 

The following discusses some of the key risk factors that could affect Bank of America’s business and operations. Other factors besides those discussed below or elsewhere in this report also could adversely affect our business and operations, and these risk factors should not be considered a complete list of potential risks that may affect Bank of America.

General business, economic and political conditions. Our businesses and earnings are affected by general business, economic and political conditions in the United States and abroad. Given the concentration of our business activities in the United States, we are particularly exposed to downturns in the United States economy. For example, in a poor economic environment there is a greater likelihood that more of our customers or counterparties could become delinquent on their loans or other obligations to us, which, in turn, could result in a higher level of charge-offs and provision for credit losses, all of which would adversely affect our earnings. General business and economic conditions that could affect us include short-term and long-term interest rates, inflation, variations in monetary supply, fluctuations in both debt and equity capital markets, and the strength of the United States economy and the local economies in which we operate. Geopolitical conditions can also affect our earnings. Acts or threats of terrorism, actions taken by the United States or other governments in response to acts or threats of terrorism and/or military conflicts, could affect business and economic conditions in the United States and abroad.

Access to funds from subsidiaries. The Corporation is a separate and distinct legal entity from our banking and nonbanking subsidiaries. We therefore depend on dividends, distributions and other payments from our banking and nonbanking subsidiaries to fund dividend payments on the common stock and to fund all payments on our other obligations, including debt obligations. Many of our subsidiaries are subject to laws that authorize regulatory bodies to block or reduce the flow of funds from those subsidiaries to the Corporation. Regulatory action of that kind could impede access to funds we need to make payments on our obligations or dividend payments. In addition, the Corporation’s right to participate in a distribution of assets upon a subsidiary’s liquidation or reorganization is subject to the prior claims of the subsidiary’s creditors.

Changes in accounting standards. Our accounting policies and methods are fundamental to how we record and report our financial condition and results of operations. From time to time the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) changes the financial accounting and reporting standards that govern the preparation of our financial statements. These changes can be hard to predict and can materially impact how we record and report our financial condition and results of operations. In some cases, we could be required to apply a new or revised standard retroactively, resulting in the Corporation restating prior period financial statements.

Competition. We operate in a highly competitive environment that could experience intensified competition as continued merger activity in the financial services industry produces larger, better-capitalized companies that are capable of offering a wider array of financial products and services, and at more competitive prices. In addition, technological advances and the growth of e-commerce have made it possible for non-depository institutions to offer products and services that traditionally were banking products, and for financial institutions to compete with technology companies in providing electronic and Internet-based financial solutions. Many of our competitors have fewer regulatory constraints and some have lower cost structures.

Credit risk. When we loan money, commit to loan money or enter into a letter of credit or other contract with a counterparty, we incur credit risk, or the risk of losses if our borrowers do not repay their loans or our counterparties fail to perform according to the terms of their contract. A number of our products expose us to credit risk, including loans, leases and lending commitments, derivatives, trading account assets and assets held-for-sale. As one of the nation’s largest lenders,

 

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the credit quality of our portfolio can have a significant impact on our earnings. We allow for and reserve against credit risks based on our assessment of credit losses inherent in our credit exposure (including unfunded credit commitments). This process, which is critical to our financial results and condition, requires difficult, subjective and complex judgments, including forecasts of economic conditions and how these economic predictions might impair the ability of our borrowers to repay their loans. As is the case with any such assessments, there is always the chance that we will fail to identify the proper factors or that we will fail to accurately estimate the impacts of factors that we identify.

For a further discussion of credit risk and our credit risk management policies and procedures, see “Credit Risk Management” in the MD&A.

Federal and state regulation. Bank of America, the Banks and many of our nonbank subsidiaries are heavily regulated by bank regulatory agencies at the federal and state levels. This regulatory oversight is established to protect depositors, federal deposit insurance funds and the banking system as a whole, not security holders. Bank of America and its nonbanking subsidiaries are also heavily regulated by securities regulators, domestically and internationally. This regulation is designed to protect investors in securities we sell or underwrite. Congress and state legislatures and foreign, federal and state regulatory agencies continually review laws, regulations and policies for possible changes. Changes to statutes, regulations or regulatory policies, including interpretation or implementation of statutes, regulations or policies, could affect us in substantial and unpredictable ways including limiting the types of financial services and products we may offer and increasing the ability of nonbanks to offer competing financial services and products.

Governmental fiscal and monetary policy. Our businesses and earnings are affected by domestic and international monetary policy. For example, the Federal Reserve Board regulates the supply of money and credit in the United States and its policies determine in large part our cost of funds for lending and investing and the return we earn on those loans and investments, both of which affect our net interest margin. The actions of the Federal Reserve Board also can materially affect the value of financial instruments we hold, such as debt securities and mortgage servicing rights and its policies also can affect our borrowers, potentially increasing the risk that they may fail to repay their loans. Our businesses and earnings also are affected by the fiscal or other policies that are adopted by various regulatory authorities of the United States, non-U.S. governments and international agencies. Changes in domestic and international monetary policy are beyond our control and hard to predict.

Liquidity risk. Liquidity is essential to our businesses. Our liquidity could be impaired by an inability to access the capital markets or by unforeseen outflows of cash. This situation may arise due to circumstances that we may be unable to control, such as a general market disruption or an operational problem that affects third parties or us. Our credit ratings are important to our liquidity. A reduction in our credit ratings could adversely affect our liquidity and competitive position, increase our borrowing costs, limit our access to the capital markets or trigger unfavorable contractual obligations.

For a further discussion of our liquidity picture and the policies and procedures we use to manage our liquidity risks, see “Liquidity Risk and Capital Management” in the MD&A.

Litigation risks. We face significant legal risks in our businesses, and the volume of claims and amount of damages and penalties claimed in litigation and regulatory proceedings against financial institutions remain high. Substantial legal liability or significant regulatory action against Bank of America could have material adverse financial effects or cause significant reputational harm to Bank of America, which in turn could seriously harm our business prospects.

For a further discussion of litigation risks, see “Litigation and Regulatory Matters” in Note 13 of the Notes.

Market risk. We are directly and indirectly affected by changes in market conditions. Market risk generally represents the risk that values of assets and liabilities or revenues will be adversely affected by changes in market conditions. For example, changes in interest rates could adversely affect our net interest margin—the difference between the yield we earn on our assets and the interest rate we pay for deposits and other sources of funding—which could in turn affect our net interest income and earnings. Market risk is inherent in the financial instruments associated with our operations and activities including loans, deposits, securities, short-term borrowings, long-term debt, trading account assets and liabilities, and derivatives. Just a few of the market conditions that may shift from time to time, thereby exposing us to market risk, include fluctuations in interest and currency exchange rates, equity and futures prices, changes in the implied volatility of interest rates, foreign exchange rates, equity and futures prices, and price deterioration or changes in value due to changes in market

 

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perception or actual credit quality of either the issuer or its country of origin. Accordingly, depending on the instruments or activities impacted, market risks can have wide ranging, complex adverse affects on our results from operations and our overall financial condition.

For a further discussion of market risk and our market risk management policies and procedures, see “Market Risk Management” in the MD&A.

Merger risks. There are significant risks and uncertainties associated with mergers. For example, we may fail to realize the growth opportunities and cost savings anticipated to be derived from the merger. In addition, it is possible that the integration process could result in the loss of key employees, or that the disruption of ongoing business from the merger could adversely affect our ability to maintain relationships with clients or suppliers. We have an active acquisition program and there is a risk that integration difficulties may cause us not to realize expected benefits from the transactions We will be subject to similar risks and difficulties in connection with future acquisitions, as well as decisions to downsize, sell or close units or otherwise change the business mix of the Corporation.

Non-U.S. operations; trading in non-U.S. securities. We do business throughout the world, including in developing regions of the world commonly known as emerging markets. Our businesses and revenues derived from non-U.S. operations are subject to risk of loss from currency fluctuations, social instability, changes in governmental policies or policies of central banks, expropriation, nationalization, confiscation of assets, unfavorable political and diplomatic developments and changes in legislation relating to non-U.S. ownership. We also invest in the securities of corporations located in non-U.S. jurisdictions, including emerging markets. Revenues from the trading of non-U.S. securities also may be subject to negative fluctuations as a result of the above factors. The impact of these fluctuations could be accentuated, because generally, non-U.S. trading markets, particularly in emerging market countries, are smaller, less liquid and more volatile than U.S. trading markets.

Operational risks. The potential for operational risk exposure exists throughout our organization. Integral to our performance is the continued efficacy of our technical systems, operational infrastructure, relationships with third parties and the vast array of associates and key executives in our day-to-day and ongoing operations. Failure by any or all of these resources subjects us to risks that may vary in size, scale and scope. This includes but is not limited to operational or technical failures, unlawful tampering with our technical systems, terrorist activities, ineffectiveness or exposure due to interruption in third party support, as well as, the loss of key individuals or failure on the part of the key individuals to perform properly.

For further discussion of operating risks, see “Operational Risk Management” in the MD&A.

Our reputation is important. Our ability to attract and retain customers and employees could be adversely affected to the extent our reputation is damaged. Our failure to address, or to appear to fail to address various issues that could give rise to reputational risk could cause harm to Bank of America and our business prospects. These issues include, but are not limited to, appropriately addressing potential conflicts of interest; legal and regulatory requirements; ethical issues; money-laundering; privacy; properly maintaining customer and associate personal information; record keeping; sales and trading practices; and the proper identification of the legal, reputational, credit, liquidity and market risks inherent in our products. Failure to appropriately address these issues could also give rise to additional legal risks, which, in turn, could increase the size and number of litigation claims and damages asserted or subject us to enforcement actions, fines and penalties and cause us to incur related costs and expenses.

Products and services. Our business model is based on a diversified mix of businesses that provide a broad range of financial products and services, delivered through multiple distribution channels. Our success depends, in part, on our ability to adapt our products and services to evolving industry standards. There is increasing pressure by competition to provide products and services at lower prices. This can reduce our net interest margin and revenues from our fee-based products and services. In addition, the widespread adoption of new technologies, including internet services, could require us to make substantial expenditures to modify or adapt our existing products and services. We might not be successful in introducing new products and services, responding or adapting to changes in consumer spending and saving habits, achieving market acceptance of our products and services, or developing and maintaining loyal customers.

Risk management processes and strategies. We seek to monitor and control our risk exposure through a variety of separate but complementary financial, credit, operational, compliance and legal reporting systems. While we employ a broad

 

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and diversified set of risk monitoring and risk mitigation techniques, those techniques and the judgments that accompany their application cannot anticipate every economic and financial outcome or the specifics and timing of such outcomes. Accordingly, our ability to successfully identify and manage risks facing us is an important factor that can significantly impact our results. For a further discussion of our risk management policies and procedures, see “Managing Risk” in the MD&A.

We operate many different businesses. We are a diversified financial services company. In addition to banking, we provide investment, mortgage, investment banking, credit card and consumer finance services. Although we believe our diversity helps lessen the effect when downturns affect any one segment of our industry, it also means our earnings could be subject to different risks and uncertainties than the ones discussed in herein. If any of the risks that we face actually occur, irrespective of whether those risks are described in this section or elsewhere in this report, our business, financial condition and operating results could be materially adversely affected.

 

Item 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

 

There are no unresolved written comments that were received from the Securities and Exchange Commission’s staff 180 days or more before the end of Bank of America’s fiscal year relating to our periodic or current reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 

Item 2. PROPERTIES

 

As of December 31, 2006, Bank of America’s principal offices and primarily all of our business segments were located in the 60-story Bank of America Corporate Center in Charlotte, North Carolina, which is owned by one of our subsidiaries. We occupy approximately 637,000 square feet and lease approximately 547,000 square feet to third parties at market rates, which represents substantially all of the space in this facility. We occupy approximately 926,000 square feet of space at 100 Federal Street in Boston, which is the headquarters for one of our primary business segments, the Global Wealth and Investment Management Group. The 37-story building is owned by one of our subsidiaries which also leases approximately 463,000 square feet to third parties. We also lease or own a significant amount of space worldwide. As of December 31, 2006, Bank of America and our subsidiaries owned or leased approximately 25,500 locations in 38 states, the District of Columbia and 28 foreign countries.

 

Item 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

See “Litigation and Regulatory Matters” in Note 13 of the Consolidated Financial Statements beginning on page 137 for Bank of America’s litigation disclosure which is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

 

There were no matters submitted to a vote of stockholders during the quarter ended December 31, 2006.

 

Item 4A. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

 

Pursuant to the Instructions to Form 10-K and Item 401(b) of Regulation S-K, the name, age and position of each current executive officer of Bank of America are listed below along with such officer’s business experience during the past five years. Officers are appointed annually by the Board of Directors at the meeting of directors immediately following the annual meeting of stockholders.

Amy Woods Brinkley, age 51, Global Risk Executive. Ms. Brinkley was named to her present position in April 2002. From July 2001 to April 2002, she served as Chairman, Credit Policy and Deputy Corporate Risk Management Executive;

 

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and from August 1999 to July 2001, she served as President, Consumer Products. She first became an officer in 1979. She also serves as Global Risk Executive and a director of Bank of America, N.A. and FIA Card Services, N.A.

Barbara J. Desoer, age 54, Global Technology and Operations Executive. Ms Desoer was named to her present position in August 2004. From July 2001 to August 2004, she served as President, Consumer Products; and from September 1999 to July 2001, she served as Director of Marketing. She first became an officer in 1977. She also serves as Global Technology and Operations Executive and a director of Bank of America, N.A. and FIA Card Services, N.A.

Kenneth D. Lewis, age 59, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President. Mr. Lewis was named Chief Executive Officer in April 2001, President in July 2004 and Chairman in February 2005. From April 2001 to April 2004, he served as Chairman; from January 1999 to April 2004, he served as President; and from October 1999 to April 2001, he served as Chief Operating Officer. He first became an officer in 1971. Mr. Lewis also serves as a director of the Corporation and as Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, President and a director of Bank of America, N.A. and FIA Card Services, N.A.

Liam E. McGee, age 52, President, Global Consumer and Small Business Banking. Mr. McGee was named to his present position in August 2004. From August 2001 to August 2004, he served as President, Global Consumer Banking; from August 2000 to August 2001, he served as President, Bank of America California; and from August 1998 to August 2000, he served as President, Southern California Region. He first became an officer in 1990. He also serves as President, Global Consumer and Small Business Banking and a director of Bank of America, N.A. and FIA Card Services, N.A.

Brian T. Moynihan, age 47, President, Global Wealth and Investment Management. Mr. Moynihan was named to his present position in April 2004. Previously he held the following positions at FleetBoston Financial Corporation: from 1999 to April 2004, he served as Executive Vice President with responsibility for Brokerage and Wealth Management from 2000, and Regional Commercial Financial Services and Investment Management from May 2003. He first became an officer in 1993. He also serves as President, Global Wealth and Investment Management and a director of Bank of America, N.A. and FIA Card Services, N.A.

Joe L. Price, age 46, Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Price was named to his present position in January 2007. From June 2003 to December 2006, he served as GCIB Risk Management Executive; from July 2002 to May 2003 he served as Senior Vice President Corporate Strategy and President, Consumer Special Assets; from November 1999 to July 2002 he served as President, Consumer Finance; from August 1997 to October 1999 he served as Corporate Risk Evaluation Executive and General Auditor; from June 1995 to July 1997 he served as Controller; and from April 1993 to May 1995 he served as Accounting Policy and Finance Executive. He first became an officer in 1993. He also serves as Chief Financial Officer and a director of Bank of America, N.A. and FIA Card Services, N.A.

R. Eugene Taylor, age 59, Vice Chairman and President, Global Corporate and Investment Banking. Mr. Taylor was named to his present position in July, 2005. From February 2005 to July 2005, he served as President, Global Business and Financial Services; from August 2004 to February 2005, he served as President, Commercial Banking; from June 2000 to August 2004, he served as President, Consumer and Commercial Banking; from February 2000 to June 2000, he served as President, Central Region; and from October 1998 to June 2000, he served as President, West Region. He first became an officer in 1970. He also serves as Vice-Chairman and President, Global Corporate and Investment Banking and a director of Bank of America, N.A. and FIA Card Services, N.A.

 

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Part II

 

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stock Holder Matters

The principal market on which the Common Stock is traded is the New York Stock Exchange. The Common Stock is also listed on the London Stock Exchange, and certain shares are listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. The following table sets forth the high and low closing sales prices of the Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange for the periods indicated:

 

         Quarter      High      Low
                        

Bank of America Corporation

            
  2005    first      $ 47.08      $ 43.66
     second        47.08        44.01
     third        45.98        41.60
     fourth        46.99        41.57
  2006    first        47.08        43.09
     second        50.47        45.48
     third        53.57        47.98
     fourth        54.90        51.66

As of February 26, 2007, there were 272,123 record holders of Common Stock. During 2005 and 2006, Bank of America paid dividends on the Common Stock on a quarterly basis. The following table sets forth dividends paid per share of Common Stock for the periods indicated:

 

       Quarter      Dividend

2005

     first      $.45
     second      .45
     third      .50
     fourth      .50

2006

     first      .50
     second      .50
     third      .56
     fourth      .56

For additional information regarding the Corporation’s ability to pay dividends, see the discussion under the heading “Government Supervision and Regulation—Distributions” in this report and Note 15 of the Consolidated Financial Statements on page 149 which is incorporated herein by reference.

For information on the Corporation’s equity compensation plans, see Note 17 of the Consolidated Financial Statements on page 156 which is incorporated herein by reference.

See Note 14 of the Consolidated Financial Statements on page 145 for information on the monthly share repurchases activity for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, including total common shares repurchased and announced programs, weighted average per share price and the remaining buy back authority under announced programs which is incorporated herein by reference.

The Corporation did not have any unregistered sales of its equity securities in fiscal year 2006.

 

Item 6. Selected Financial Data

See Table 5 in the MD&A on page 21 and Table XII of the Statistical Financial Information on page 95 which are incorporated herein by reference.

 

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Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Table of Contents

  Page

Recent Events

  12

MBNA Merger Overview

  13

Economic Overview

  13

Performance Overview

  14

Financial Highlights

  15

Balance Sheet Analysis

  18

Supplemental Financial Data

  22

Business Segment Operations

  25

Global Consumer and Small Business Banking

  26

Global Corporate and Investment Banking

  33

Global Wealth and Investment Management

  38

All Other

  41

Off- and On-Balance Sheet Financing Entities

  43

Obligations and Commitments

  45

Managing Risk

  46

Strategic Risk Management

  48

Liquidity Risk and Capital Management

  48

Credit Risk Management

  53

Consumer Portfolio Credit Risk Management

  53

Commercial Portfolio Credit Risk Management

  57

Foreign Portfolio

  65

Provision for Credit Losses

  68

Allowance for Credit Losses

  69

Market Risk Management

  72

Trading Risk Management

  73

Interest Rate Risk Management for Nontrading Activities

  76

Mortgage Banking Risk Management

  80

Operational Risk Management

  80

Recent Accounting and Reporting Developments

  81

Complex Accounting Estimates

  81

2005 Compared to 2004

  85

Overview

  85

Business Segment Operations

  86

Statistical Tables

  88

Glossary

  98

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This report contains certain statements that are forward-looking within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Actual outcomes and results may differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, our forward-looking statements. Words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates” and other similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “should,” “would” and “could” are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Readers of the Annual Report of Bank of America Corporation and its subsidiaries (the Corporation) should not rely solely on the forward-looking statements and should consider all uncertainties and risks throughout this report as well as those discussed under Item 1A. “Risk Factors.” The statements are representative only as of the date they are made, and the Corporation undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement.

Possible events or factors that could cause results or performance to differ materially from those expressed in our forward-looking statements include the following: changes in general economic conditions and economic conditions in the geographic regions and industries in which the Corporation operates which may affect, among other things, the level of nonperforming assets, charge-offs and provision expense; changes in the interest rate environment which may reduce interest margins and impact funding sources; changes in foreign exchange rates; adverse movements and volatility in debt and equity capital markets; changes in market rates and prices which may adversely impact the value of financial products including securities, loans, deposits, debt and derivative financial instruments, and other similar financial instruments; political conditions and related actions by the United States abroad which may adversely affect the Corporation’s businesses and economic conditions as a whole; liabilities resulting from litigation and regulatory investigations, including costs, expenses, settlements and judgments; changes in domestic or foreign tax laws, rules and regulations as well as court, Internal Revenue Service or other governmental agencies’ interpretations thereof; various monetary and fiscal policies and regulations, including those determined by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (FRB), the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), state regulators and the Financial Services Authority (FSA); changes in accounting standards, rules and interpretations; competition with other local, regional and international banks, thrifts, credit unions and other nonbank financial institutions; ability to grow core businesses; ability to develop and introduce new banking-related products, services and enhancements, and gain market acceptance of such products; mergers and acquisitions and their integration into the Corporation; decisions to downsize, sell or close units or otherwise change the business mix of the Corporation; and management’s ability to manage these and other risks.

The Corporation, headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina, operates in 30 states, the District of Columbia and 44 foreign countries. The Corporation provides a diversified range of banking and nonbanking financial services and products domestically and internationally through three business segments: Global Consumer and Small Business Banking, Global Corporate and Investment Banking, and Global Wealth and Investment Management.

At December 31, 2006, the Corporation had $1.5 trillion in assets and approximately 203,000 full-time equivalent employees. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements referred to in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations are incorporated by reference into Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation.

 

Recent Events

In January 2007, the Board of Directors (the Board) authorized a stock repurchase program of up to 200 million shares of the Corporation’s common stock at an aggregate cost not to exceed $14.0 billion to be completed within a period of 12 to 18 months. In April 2006, the Board authorized a stock repurchase program of up to 200 million shares of the Corporation’s common stock at an aggregate cost not to exceed $12.0 billion to be completed within a period of 12 to 18 months, of which the lesser of approximately $4.9 billion, or 63.1 million shares, remains available for repurchase under the program at December 31, 2006.

In January 2007, the Board declared a regular quarterly cash dividend on common stock of $0.56 per share, payable on March 23, 2007 to common shareholders of record on March 2, 2007. In October 2006, the Board declared a regular

 

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quarterly cash dividend on common stock of $0.56 per share which was paid on December 22, 2006 to common shareholders of record on December 1, 2006. In July 2006, the Board increased the quarterly cash dividend on common stock 12 percent from $0.50 to $0.56 per share.

In December 2006, the Corporation completed the sale of its retail and commercial business in Hong Kong and Macau (Asia Commercial Banking business) to China Construction Bank (CCB) for $1.25 billion. The sale resulted in a $165 million gain (pre-tax) that was recorded in Other Income.

In November 2006, the Corporation announced a definitive agreement to acquire U.S. Trust Corporation (U.S. Trust) for $3.3 billion in cash. U.S. Trust is one of the largest and most respected U.S. firms which focuses exclusively on managing wealth for high net-worth and ultra high net-worth individuals and families. The acquisition will significantly increase the size and capabilities of the Corporation’s wealth business and position it as one of the largest financial services companies managing private wealth in the U.S. The transaction is expected to close in the third quarter of 2007.

In November 2006, the Corporation issued 81,000 shares of Bank of America Corporation Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series E with a par value of $0.01 per share for $2.0 billion. In September 2006, the Corporation issued 33,000 shares of Bank of America Corporation 6.204% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series D with a par value of $0.01 per share for $825 million. In July 2006, the Corporation redeemed its 700,000 shares, or $175 million, of Fixed/Adjustable Rate Cumulative Preferred Stock and redeemed its 382,450 shares, or $96 million, of 6.75% Perpetual Preferred Stock. Both classes were redeemed at their stated value of $250 per share, plus accrued and unpaid dividends.

In September 2006, the Corporation completed the sale of its Brazilian operations in exchange for approximately $1.9 billion in equity of Banco Itaú Holding Financeira S.A. (Banco Itaú), Brazil’s second largest nongovernment-owned banking company. The sale resulted in a $720 million gain (pre-tax) that was recorded in Other Income. In August 2006, we announced a definitive agreement to sell our operations in Chile and Uruguay for stock in Banco Itaú and other consideration totaling approximately $615 million. These transactions, as well as the previously announced sale of our operations in Argentina, are expected to close in early 2007.

 

MBNA Merger Overview

The Corporation acquired 100 percent of the outstanding stock of MBNA Corporation (MBNA) on January 1, 2006, for $34.6 billion. In connection therewith 1,260 million shares of MBNA common stock were exchanged for 631 million shares of the Corporation’s common stock. Prior to the MBNA merger, this represented approximately 16 percent of the Corporation’s outstanding common stock. MBNA shareholders also received cash of $5.2 billion. The MBNA merger was a tax-free merger for the Corporation. The acquisition expands the Corporation’s customer base and its opportunity to deepen customer relationships across the full breadth of the Corporation by delivering innovative deposit, lending and investment products and services to MBNA’s customer base. Additionally, the acquisition allows the Corporation to significantly increase its affinity relationships through MBNA’s credit card operations and sell these credit cards through our delivery channels (including the retail branch network). MBNA’s results of operations were included in the Corporation’s results beginning January 1, 2006. The purchase price has been allocated to the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on their fair values at the MBNA merger date. For more information related to the MBNA merger, see Note 2 of the Corporation’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Economic Overview

In 2006, the U.S. economic performance was healthy as real Gross Domestic Product grew an estimated annualized 3.4 percent. Consumer spending remained resilient despite significant declines in housing and mortgage refinancing activities. Global economies recorded another solid year of growth, led by robust expansion in Asia. Importantly, Germany and Japan maintained their economic momentum as the U.S. weathered a soft patch in growth. The FRB concluded two consecutive years of rate hikes in June, raising its rate to 5.25 percent, as increases remained on hold in the second half of the year. The yield curve remained inverted for much of the second half of the year, reflecting the FRB’s rate increases, its inflation-fighting credibility, and rising foreign capital inflows. In response to the rate hikes and removal of monetary accommodation, housing sales and construction fell sharply, median house prices flattened after surging for a half decade, and mortgage refinancing activity fell sharply. However, business investment remained strong, and solid increases in nonresidential

 

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construction partially offset the declines in housing. Consumer spending, buoyed by rising personal incomes, relative low interest rates and record-breaking wealth, continued to grow, ending the year on a strong note. Dramatic declines in oil and energy prices in August through October sharply reduced inflation, while core measures of inflation, excluding the volatile energy and food components, rose through September. Core inflation drifted modestly lower through year end, but remained above the two percent upper bound of the FRB’s comfort range. With the exception of housing, automobiles and related industries sustained healthy product demand and modest pricing power provided businesses record profits. In this environment, businesses continued to hire, and the unemployment rate receded to 4.5 percent, well below its historic average.

 

Performance Overview

Net Income reached $21.1 billion, or $4.59 per diluted common share in 2006, increases of 28 percent and 14 percent from $16.5 billion, or $4.04 per diluted common share in 2005.

Table 1

Business Segment Total Revenue and Net Income

 

      Total Revenue        Net Income
(Dollars in millions)    2006        2005        2006      2005

Global Consumer and Small Business Banking

   $ 41,691        $ 28,323        $ 11,171      $ 7,021

Global Corporate and Investment Banking

     22,691          20,600          6,792        6,384

Global Wealth and Investment Management

     7,779          7,316          2,403        2,316

All Other

     2,086          684          767        744

Total FTE basis (1)

     74,247          56,923          21,133        16,465

FTE adjustment (1)

     (1,224 )        (832 )              

Total Consolidated

   $ 73,023        $ 56,091        $ 21,133      $ 16,465

 

(1)

Total revenue for the business segments and All Other is on a fully taxable-equivalent (FTE) basis. For more information on a FTE basis, see Supplemental Financial Data beginning on page 22.

 

Global Consumer and Small Business Banking

Net Income increased $4.2 billion, or 59 percent, to $11.2 billion and Total Revenue increased $13.4 billion, or 47 percent, to $41.7 billion in 2006 compared to 2005. These increases were driven by higher Net Interest Income and Noninterest Income. Net Interest Income increased primarily due to the MBNA merger and organic growth which increased Average Loans and Leases. Noninterest Income increased primarily due to the MBNA merger which resulted in an increase in Card Income driven by increases in excess servicing income, cash advance fees, interchange income and late fees. These increases were partially offset by higher Noninterest Expense and Provision for Credit Losses, primarily driven by the addition of MBNA. For more information on Global Consumer and Small Business Banking, see page 26.

 

Global Corporate and Investment Banking

Net Income increased $408 million, or six percent, to $6.8 billion in 2006 compared to 2005. Total Revenue increased $2.1 billion, or 10 percent, to $22.7 billion in 2006 compared to 2005, driven primarily by higher Trading Account Profits and Investment Banking Income, and gains on the sales of our Brazilian operations and Asia Commercial Banking business. Offsetting these increases was spread compression in the loan portfolios which adversely impacted Net Interest Income. In addition, Net Income in 2006 was impacted by increases in Noninterest Expense and Provision for Credit Losses, and a decrease in Gains on Sales of Debt Securities. For more information on Global Corporate and Investment Banking, see page 33.

 

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Global Wealth and Investment Management

Net Income increased $87 million, or four percent, to $2.4 billion in 2006 compared to 2005. The increase was due to higher Total Revenue of $463 million, or six percent, primarily as a result of an increase in Investment and Brokerage Services partially offset by an increase in Noninterest Expense of $295 million, or eight percent, driven by higher personnel-related costs.

Total assets under management increased $60.6 billion to $542.9 billion at December 31, 2006 compared to December 31, 2005. For more information on Global Wealth and Investment Management, see page 38.

 

All Other

Net Income increased $23 million to $767 million in 2006 compared to 2005. This increase was primarily a result of higher Equity Investment Gains of $902 million and Net Interest Income of $446 million offset by lower Gains (Losses) on Sales of Debt Securities of $(495) million in 2006 compared to $823 million in 2005. For more information on All Other, see page 41.

 

Financial Highlights

 

Net Interest Income

Net Interest Income on a FTE basis increased $4.2 billion to $35.8 billion in 2006 compared to 2005. The primary drivers of the increase were the impact of the MBNA merger (volumes and spreads), consumer and commercial loan growth, and increases in the benefits from asset and liability management (ALM) activities including higher portfolio balances (primarily residential mortgages) and the impact of changes in spreads across all product categories. These increases were partially offset by a lower contribution from market-based earning assets and the higher costs associated with higher levels of wholesale funding. The net interest yield on a FTE basis decreased two basis points (bps) to 2.82 percent in 2006 due primarily to an increase in lower yielding market-based earning assets and loan spreads that continued to tighten due to the flat to inverted yield curve. These decreases were partially offset by widening of spreads on core deposits. For more information on Net Interest Income on a FTE basis, see Tables I and II beginning on page 88.

 

Noninterest Income

Table 2

Noninterest Income

 

(Dollars in millions)    2006      2005

Card income

   $ 14,293      $ 5,753

Service charges

     8,224        7,704

Investment and brokerage services

     4,456        4,184

Investment banking income

     2,317        1,856

Equity investment gains

     3,189        2,212

Trading account profits

     3,166        1,763

Mortgage banking income

     541        805

Other income

     2,246        1,077

Total noninterest income

   $ 38,432      $ 25,354

Noninterest Income increased $13.1 billion to $38.4 billion in 2006 compared to 2005, due primarily to the following:

 

   

Card Income increased $8.5 billion primarily due to the addition of MBNA resulting in higher excess servicing income, cash advance fees, interchange income and late fees.

 

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Service Charges grew $520 million due to increased non-sufficient funds fees and overdraft charges, account service charges, and ATM fees resulting from new account growth and increased account usage.

 

   

Investment and Brokerage Services increased $272 million primarily reflecting higher levels of assets under management.

 

   

Investment Banking Income increased $461 million due to higher market activity and continued strength in debt underwriting.

 

   

Equity Investment Gains increased $977 million primarily due to favorable market conditions driven by liquidity in the capital markets as well as a $341 million gain recorded on the liquidation of a strategic European investment.

 

   

Trading Account Profits increased $1.4 billion due to a favorable market environment, and benefits from previous investments in personnel and trading infrastructure.

 

   

Mortgage Banking Income decreased $264 million primarily due to weaker production income driven by margin compression, which negatively impacted the pricing of loans, and a decision to retain a larger portion of mortgage production.

 

   

Other Income increased $1.2 billion primarily related to the $720 million (pre-tax) gain on the sale of our Brazilian operations and the $165 million (pre-tax) gain on the sale of our Asia Commercial Banking business.

 

Provision for Credit Losses

The Provision for Credit Losses increased $996 million to $5.0 billion in 2006 compared to 2005. Provision expense rose due to increases from the addition of MBNA, reduced benefits from releases of commercial reserves and lower commercial recoveries. These increases were partially offset by lower bankruptcy-related credit costs on the domestic consumer credit card portfolio.

For more information on credit quality, see Credit Risk Management beginning on page 53.

 

Gains (Losses) on Sales of Debt Securities

Gains (Losses) on Sales of Debt Securities were $(443) million in 2006 compared to $1.1 billion in 2005. The decrease was primarily due to a loss on the sale of mortgage-backed securities in 2006 compared to gains recorded in 2005. For more information on Gains (Losses) on Sales of Debt Securities, see “Interest Rate Risk Management – Securities” beginning on page 77.

 

Noninterest Expense

Table 3

Noninterest Expense

 

(Dollars in millions)    2006      2005

Personnel

   $ 18,211      $ 15,054

Occupancy

     2,826        2,588

Equipment

     1,329        1,199

Marketing

     2,336        1,255

Professional fees

     1,078        930

Amortization of intangibles

     1,755        809

Data processing

     1,732        1,487

Telecommunications

     945        827

Other general operating

     4,580        4,120

Merger and restructuring charges

     805        412

Total noninterest expense

   $ 35,597      $ 28,681

 

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Noninterest Expense increased $6.9 billion to $35.6 billion in 2006 compared to 2005, primarily due to the MBNA merger, increased Personnel expense related to higher performance-based compensation and higher Marketing expense related to consumer banking initiatives. Amortization of Intangibles expense was higher due to increases in purchased credit card relationships, affinity relationships, core deposit intangibles and other intangibles, including trademarks.

 

Income Tax Expense

Income Tax Expense was $10.8 billion in 2006 compared to $8.0 billion in 2005, resulting in an effective tax rate of 33.9 percent in 2006 and 32.7 percent in 2005. The increase in the effective tax rate was primarily due to the charge to Income Tax Expense arising from the change in tax legislation discussed below, the one-time benefit recorded during 2005 related to the repatriation of certain foreign earnings and the January 1, 2006 addition of MBNA. For more information on Income Tax Expense, see Note 18 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

During the second quarter of 2006, the President signed into law the Tax Increase Prevention and Reconciliation Act of 2005 (TIPRA). Among other things, TIPRA repealed certain provisions of prior law relating to transactions entered into under the extraterritorial income and foreign sales corporation regimes. The TIPRA repeal results in an increase in the U.S. taxes expected to be paid on certain portions of the income earned from such transactions after December 31, 2006. Accounting for the change in law resulted in the recognition of a $175 million charge to Income Tax Expense in 2006.

 

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Balance Sheet Analysis

Table 4

Selected Balance Sheet Data

 

      December 31      Average Balance

(Dollars in millions)

   2006      2005      2006    2005

Assets

               

Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell

   $ 135,478      $ 149,785      $ 175,334    $ 169,132

Trading account assets

     153,052        131,707        145,321      133,502

Debt securities

     192,846        221,603        225,219      219,843

Loans and leases, net of allowance for loan and lease losses

     697,474        565,746        643,259      528,793

All other assets

     280,887        222,962        277,548      218,622

Total assets

   $ 1,459,737      $ 1,291,803      $ 1,466,681    $ 1,269,892

Liabilities

               

Deposits

   $ 693,497      $ 634,670      $ 672,995    $ 632,432

Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase

     217,527        240,655        286,903      230,751

Trading account liabilities

     67,670        50,890        64,689      57,689

Commercial paper and other short-term borrowings

     141,300        116,269        124,229      95,657

Long-term debt

     146,000        100,848        130,124      97,709

All other liabilities

     58,471        46,938        57,278      55,793

Total liabilities

     1,324,465        1,190,270        1,336,218      1,170,031

Shareholders’ equity

     135,272        101,533        130,463      99,861

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

   $ 1,459,737      $ 1,291,803      $ 1,466,681    $ 1,269,892

At December 31, 2006, Total Assets were $1.5 trillion, an increase of $167.9 billion, or 13 percent, from December 31, 2005. Average Total Assets in 2006 increased $196.8 billion, or 15 percent, from 2005. Growth in period end and average Total Assets was primarily attributable to the MBNA merger, which had $83.3 billion of Total Assets on January 1, 2006. The increase in Loans and Leases was also attributable to organic growth. In addition, market-based earning assets increased $42.2 billion and $46.9 billion on a period end and average basis due to continued growth and build out in the Capital Markets and Advisory Services business within Global Corporate and Investment Banking.

At December 31, 2006, Total Liabilities were $1.3 trillion, an increase of $134.2 billion, or 11 percent, from December 31, 2005. Average Total Liabilities in 2006 increased $166.2 billion, or 14 percent, from 2005. Growth in period end and average Total Liabilities was primarily attributable to increases in Deposits and Long-term Debt, due to the assumption of liabilities in connection with the MBNA merger and the net issuances of Long-term Debt. Funding requirements related to the support of growth in assets, including the financing needs of our trading business, resulted in increases in certain other funding categories.

Period end and average Shareholders’ Equity increased primarily from the issuance of stock related to the MBNA merger.

 

Federal Funds Sold and Securities Purchased under Agreements to Resell

The Federal Funds Sold and Securities Purchased under Agreements to Resell average balance increased $6.2 billion, or four percent, in 2006 compared to the prior year. The increase was from activities in the trading businesses, primarily in interest rate and equity products, as a result of expanded activities related to a variety of client needs.

 

Trading Account Assets

Trading Account Assets consist primarily of fixed income securities (including government and corporate debt), equity and convertible instruments. The average balance increased $11.8 billion to $145.3 billion in 2006, which was due to growth in client-driven market-making activities in interest rate, credit and equity products. For additional information, see Market Risk Management beginning on page 72.

 

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Debt Securities

Available-for-sale (AFS) Debt Securities include fixed income securities such as mortgage-backed securities, foreign debt, asset-backed securities, municipal debt, U.S. Government agencies and corporate debt. We use the AFS portfolio primarily to manage interest rate risk and liquidity risk and to take advantage of market conditions that create more economically attractive returns on these investments. The average balance in the securities portfolio increased $5.4 billion from 2005 primarily due to the increase in the AFS portfolio in the first half of the year partially offset by the sale of mortgage-backed securities of $43.7 billion in the third quarter of 2006. For additional information, see Market Risk Management beginning on page 72.

 

Loans and Leases, Net of Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses

Average Loans and Leases, net of Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses, was $643.3 billion in 2006, an increase of 22 percent from 2005. The consumer loan and lease portfolio increased $83.9 billion primarily due to higher retained mortgage production and the MBNA merger. The commercial loan and lease portfolio increased $31.3 billion due to organic growth and the MBNA merger, including the business card portfolio. For a more detailed discussion of the loan portfolio and the allowance for credit losses, see Credit Risk Management beginning on page 53, and Notes 6 and 7 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Deposits

Average Deposits increased $40.6 billion to $673.0 billion in 2006 compared to 2005 due to a $24.2 billion increase in average foreign interest-bearing deposits and a $14.0 billion increase in average domestic interest-bearing deposits primarily due to the assumption of liabilities in connection with the MBNA merger. We categorize our deposits as core or market-based deposits. Core deposits are generally customer-based and represent a stable, low-cost funding source that usually react more slowly to interest rate changes than market-based deposits. Core deposits include savings, NOW and money market accounts, consumer CDs and IRAs, and noninterest-bearing deposits. Core deposits exclude negotiable CDs, public funds, other domestic time deposits and foreign interest-bearing deposits. Average core deposits increased $11.0 billion to $574.6 billion in 2006, a two percent increase from the prior year. The increase was distributed between consumer CDs and noninterest-bearing deposits partially offset by decreases in NOW and money market deposits, and savings. The increase in consumer CDs was impacted by the shift of deposit balances from NOW and money market deposits and savings to consumer CDs as a result of the favorable rates offered on consumer CDs. Average market-based deposit funding increased $29.6 billion to $98.4 billion in 2006 compared to 2005 due to increases of $24.2 billion in foreign interest-bearing deposits and $5.3 billion in negotiable CDs, public funds and other time deposits related to funding of growth in core and market-based assets.

 

Federal Funds Purchased and Securities Sold under Agreements to Repurchase

The Federal Funds Purchased and Securities Sold under Agreements to Repurchase average balance increased $56.2 billion to $286.9 billion in 2006 as a result of expanded trading activities within interest rate and equity products related to client activities.

 

Trading Account Liabilities

Trading Account Liabilities consist primarily of short positions in fixed income securities (including government and corporate debt), equity and convertible instruments. The average balance increased $7.0 billion to $64.7 billion in 2006, which was due to growth in client-driven market-making activities in equity products, partially offset by a reduction in interest rate products. For additional information, see Market Risk Management beginning on page 72.

 

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Commercial Paper and Other Short-term Borrowings

Commercial Paper and Other Short-term Borrowings provide a funding source to supplement Deposits in our ALM strategy. The average balance increased $28.6 billion to $124.2 billion in 2006, mainly due to the increase in Federal Home Loan Bank advances to fund core asset growth, primarily in the ALM portfolio.

 

Long-term Debt

Period end and average Long-term Debt increased $45.2 billion and $32.4 billion. The increase resulted from the funding of core asset growth, the addition of MBNA and the issuance of subordinated debt to support Tier 2 capital. For additional information, see Note 12 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Shareholders’ Equity

Period end and average Shareholders’ Equity increased $33.7 billion and $30.6 billion primarily due to the issuance of stock related to the MBNA merger. This increase along with Net Income and issuances of Preferred Stock, was partially offset by cash dividends, net share repurchases of Common Stock and redemption of Preferred Stock.

 

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Table 5

Five Year Summary of Selected Financial Data

 

           
(Dollars in millions, except per share information)    2006     2005     2004     2003     2002  

Income statement

          

Net interest income

   $ 34,591     $ 30,737     $ 27,960     $ 20,505     $ 20,117  

Noninterest income

     38,432       25,354       21,005       17,329       14,874  

Total revenue

     73,023       56,091       48,965       37,834       34,991  

Provision for credit losses

     5,010       4,014       2,769       2,839       3,697  

Gains (losses) on sales of debt securities

     (443 )     1,084       1,724       941       630  

Noninterest expense

     35,597       28,681       27,012       20,155       18,445  

Income before income taxes

     31,973       24,480       20,908       15,781       13,479  

Income tax expense

     10,840       8,015       6,961       5,019       3,926  

Net income

     21,133       16,465       13,947       10,762       9,553  

Average common shares issued and outstanding (in thousands)

     4,526,637       4,008,688       3,758,507       2,973,407       3,040,085  

Average diluted common shares issued and outstanding (in thousands)

     4,595,896       4,068,140       3,823,943       3,030,356       3,130,935  

Performance ratios

          

Return on average assets

     1.44     %     1.30     %     1.34     %     1.44     %     1.46     %

Return on average common shareholders’ equity

     16.27       16.51       16.47       21.50       19.96  

Total ending equity to total ending assets

     9.27       7.86       9.03       6.76       7.92  

Total average equity to total average assets

     8.90       7.86       8.12       6.69       7.33  

Dividend payout

     45.66       46.61       46.31       39.76       38.79  

Per common share data

          

Earnings

   $ 4.66     $ 4.10     $ 3.71     $ 3.62     $ 3.14  

Diluted earnings

     4.59       4.04       3.64       3.55       3.05  

Dividends paid

     2.12       1.90       1.70       1.44       1.22  

Book value

     29.70       25.32       24.70       16.86       17.04  

Average balance sheet

          

Total loans and leases

   $ 652,417     $ 537,218     $ 472,617     $ 356,220     $ 336,820  

Total assets

     1,466,681       1,269,892       1,044,631       749,104       653,732  

Total deposits

     672,995       632,432       551,559       406,233       371,479  

Long-term debt

     130,124       97,709       92,303       67,077       65,550  

Common shareholders’ equity

     129,773       99,590       84,584       50,035       47,837  

Total shareholders’ equity

     130,463       99,861       84,815       50,091       47,898  

Asset Quality

          

Allowance for credit losses

   $ 9,413     $ 8,440     $ 9,028     $ 6,579     $ 6,851  

Nonperforming assets

     1,856       1,603       2,455       3,021       5,262  

Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of total loans and leases outstanding

     1.28     %     1.40     %     1.65     %     1.66     %     1.85     %

Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of total nonperforming loans and leases

     505       532       390       215       126  

Net charge-offs

   $ 4,539     $ 4,562     $ 3,113     $ 3,106     $ 3,697  

Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans and leases

     0.70     %     0.85     %     0.66     %     0.87     %     1.10     %

Nonperforming loans and leases as a percentage of total loans and leases outstanding

     0.25       0.26       0.42       0.77       1.47  

Nonperforming assets as a percentage of total loans, leases, and foreclosed properties

     0.26       0.28       0.47       0.81       1.53  

Ratio of the allowance for loan and lease losses at December 31 to net charge-offs

     1.99       1.76       2.77       1.98       1.72  

Capital ratios (period end)

          

Risk-based capital:

          

Tier 1

     8.64     %     8.25     %     8.20     %     8.02     %     8.41     %

Total

     11.88       11.08       11.73       12.05       12.63  

Tier 1 Leverage

     6.36       5.91       5.89       5.86       6.44  

Market capitalization

   $ 238,021     $ 184,586     $ 190,147     $ 115,926     $ 104,418  

Market price per share of common stock

          

Closing

   $ 53.39     $ 46.15     $ 46.99     $ 40.22     $ 34.79  

High closing

     54.90       47.08       47.44       41.77       38.45  

Low closing

     43.09       41.57       38.96       32.82       27.08  

 

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Supplemental Financial Data

Table 6 provides a reconciliation of the supplemental financial data mentioned below with financial measures defined by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP). Other companies may define or calculate supplemental financial data differently.

 

Operating Basis Presentation

In managing our business, we may at times look at performance excluding certain nonrecurring items. For example, as an alternative to Net Income, we view results on an operating basis, which represents Net Income excluding Merger and Restructuring Charges. The operating basis of presentation is not defined by GAAP. We believe that the exclusion of Merger and Restructuring Charges, which represent events outside our normal operations, provides a meaningful year-to-year comparison and is more reflective of normalized operations.

 

Net Interest Income—FTE Basis

In addition, we view Net Interest Income and related ratios and analysis (i.e., efficiency ratio, net interest yield and operating leverage) on a FTE basis. Although this is a non-GAAP measure, we believe managing the business with Net Interest Income on a FTE basis provides a more accurate picture of the interest margin for comparative purposes. To derive the FTE basis, Net Interest Income is adjusted to reflect tax-exempt income on an equivalent before-tax basis with a corresponding increase in Income Tax Expense. For purposes of this calculation, we use the federal statutory tax rate of 35 percent. This measure ensures comparability of Net Interest Income arising from taxable and tax-exempt sources.

 

Performance Measures

As mentioned above, certain performance measures including the efficiency ratio, net interest yield and operating leverage utilize Net Interest Income (and thus Total Revenue) on a FTE basis. The efficiency ratio measures the costs expended to generate a dollar of revenue, and net interest yield evaluates how many basis points we are earning over the cost of funds. Operating leverage measures the total percentage revenue growth minus the total percentage expense growth for the corresponding period. During our annual integrated planning process, we set operating leverage and efficiency targets for the Corporation and each line of business. We believe the use of these non-GAAP measures provides additional clarity in assessing the results of the Corporation. Targets vary by year and by business, and are based on a variety of factors including maturity of the business, investment appetite, competitive environment, market factors, and other items (e.g., risk appetite). The aforementioned performance measures and ratios, earnings per common share (EPS), return on average assets, and dividend payout ratio, as well as those measures discussed more fully below, are presented in Table 6.

 

Return on Average Common Shareholders’ Equity, Return on Average Tangible Shareholders’ Equity and Shareholder Value Added

We also evaluate our business based upon return on average common shareholders’ equity (ROE), return on average tangible shareholders’ equity (ROTE), and shareholder value added (SVA) measures. ROE, ROTE and SVA utilize non-GAAP allocation methodologies. ROE measures the earnings contribution of a unit as a percentage of the Shareholders’ Equity allocated to that unit. ROTE measures the earnings contribution of the Corporation as a percentage of Shareholders’ Equity reduced by Goodwill. SVA is defined as cash basis earnings on an operating basis less a charge for the use of capital. These measures are used to evaluate our use of equity (i.e., capital) at the individual unit level and are integral components in the analytics for resource allocation. We believe using SVA as a performance measure places specific focus on whether incremental investments generate returns in excess of the costs of capital associated with those investments. In addition, profitability, relationship, and investment models all use ROE and SVA as key measures to support our overall growth goal.

 

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Table 6

Supplemental Financial Data and Reconciliations to GAAP Financial Measures

 

(Dollars in millions, except per share information)    2006     2005     2004     2003     2002  

Operating basis (1)

          

Operating earnings

   $ 21,640     $ 16,740     $ 14,358     $ 10,762     $ 9,553  

Operating earnings per common share

     4.78       4.17       3.82       3.62       3.14  

Diluted operating earnings per common share

     4.70       4.11       3.75       3.55       3.05  

Shareholder value added

     9,121       6,594       5,718       5,475       4,509  

Return on average assets

     1.48     %     1.32     %     1.37     %     1.44     %     1.46     %

Return on average common shareholders’ equity

     16.66       16.79       16.96       21.50       19.96  

Return on average tangible shareholders’ equity

     33.59       30.70       29.79       27.84       26.01  

Operating efficiency ratio (FTE basis)

     46.86       49.66       53.13       52.38       51.84  

Dividend payout ratio

     44.59       45.84       44.98       39.76       38.79  

Operating leverage

     7.25       7.48       (1.85 )     (1.12 )     n/a  

FTE basis data

          

Net interest income

   $ 35,815     $ 31,569     $ 28,677     $ 21,149     $ 20,705  

Total revenue

     74,247       56,923       49,682       38,478       35,579  

Net interest yield

     2.82     %     2.84     %     3.17     %     3.26     %     3.63     %

Efficiency ratio

     47.94       50.38       54.37       52.38       51.84  

Reconciliation of net income to operating earnings

          

Net income

   $ 21,133     $ 16,465     $ 13,947     $ 10,762     $ 9,553  

Merger and restructuring charges

     805       412       618              

Related income tax benefit

     (298 )     (137 )     (207 )            

Operating earnings

   $ 21,640     $ 16,740     $ 14,358     $ 10,762     $ 9,553  

Reconciliation of average shareholders’ equity to average tangible shareholders’ equity

          

Average shareholders’ equity

   $ 130,463     $ 99,861     $ 84,815     $ 50,091     $ 47,898  

Average goodwill

     (66,040 )     (45,331 )     (36,612 )     (11,440 )     (11,171 )

Average tangible shareholders’ equity

   $ 64,423     $ 54,530     $ 48,203     $ 38,651     $ 36,727  

Reconciliation of EPS to operating EPS

          

Earnings per common share

   $ 4.66     $ 4.10     $ 3.71     $ 3.62     $ 3.14  

Effect of merger and restructuring charges, net of tax benefit

     0.12       0.07       0.11              

Operating earnings per common share

   $ 4.78     $ 4.17     $ 3.82     $ 3.62     $ 3.14  

Reconciliation of diluted EPS to diluted operating EPS

          

Diluted earnings per common share

   $ 4.59     $ 4.04     $ 3.64     $ 3.55     $ 3.05  

Effect of merger and restructuring charges, net of tax benefit

     0.11       0.07       0.11              

Diluted operating earnings per common share

   $ 4.70     $ 4.11     $ 3.75     $ 3.55     $ 3.05  

Reconciliation of net income to shareholder value added

          

Net income

   $ 21,133     $ 16,465     $ 13,947     $ 10,762     $ 9,553  

Amortization of intangibles

     1,755       809       664       217       218  

Merger and restructuring charges, net of tax benefit

     507       275       411              

Cash basis earnings on an operating basis

     23,395       17,549       15,022       10,979       9,771  

Capital charge

     (14,274 )     (10,955 )     (9,304 )     (5,504 )     (5,262 )

Shareholder value added

   $ 9,121     $ 6,594     $ 5,718     $ 5,475     $ 4,509  

Reconciliation of return on average assets to operating return on average assets

          

Return on average assets

     1.44     %     1.30     %     1.34     %     1.44     %     1.46     %

Effect of merger and restructuring charges, net of tax benefit

     0.04       0.02       0.03              

Operating return on average assets

     1.48     %     1.32     %     1.37     %     1.44     %     1.46     %

Reconciliation of return on average common shareholders’ equity to operating return on average common shareholders’ equity

          

Return on average common shareholders’ equity

     16.27     %     16.51     %     16.47     %     21.50     %     19.96     %

Effect of merger and restructuring charges, net of tax benefit

     0.39       0.28       0.49              

Operating return on average common shareholders’ equity

     16.66     %     16.79     %     16.96     %     21.50     %     19.96     %

Reconciliation of return on average tangible shareholders’ equity to operating return on average tangible shareholders’ equity

          

Return on average tangible shareholders’ equity

     32.80     %     30.19     %     28.93     %     27.84     %     26.01     %

Effect of merger and restructuring charges, net of tax benefit

     0.79       0.51       0.86              

Operating return on average tangible shareholders’ equity

     33.59     %     30.70     %     29.79     %     27.84     %     26.01     %

Reconciliation of efficiency ratio to operating efficiency ratio (FTE basis)

          

Efficiency ratio

     47.94     %     50.38     %     54.37     %     52.38     %     51.84     %

Effect of merger and restructuring charges

     (1.08 )     (0.72 )     (1.24 )            

Operating efficiency ratio

     46.86     %     49.66     %     53.13     %     52.38     %     51.84     %

Reconciliation of dividend payout ratio to operating dividend payout ratio

          

Dividend payout ratio

     45.66     %     46.61     %     46.31     %     39.76     %     38.79     %

Effect of merger and restructuring charges, net of tax benefit

     (1.07 )     (0.77 )     (1.33 )            

Operating dividend payout ratio

     44.59     %     45.84     %     44.98     %     39.76     %     38.79     %

Reconciliation of operating leverage to operating basis operating leverage

          

Operating leverage

     6.32     %     8.40     %     (4.91 )    %     (1.12 )    %     n/a  

Effect of merger and restructuring charges

     0.93       (0.92 )     3.06             n/a  

Operating leverage

     7.25     %     7.48     %     (1.85 )    %     (1.12 )    %     n/a  

 

(1)

Operating basis excludes Merger and Restructuring Charges which were $805 million, $412 million, and $618 million in 2006, 2005, and 2004.

n/a = not available

 

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Core Net Interest Income – Managed Basis

In managing our business, we review core net interest income – managed basis, which adjusts reported Net Interest Income on a FTE basis for the impact of market-based activities and certain securitizations, net of retained securities. As discussed in the Global Corporate and Investment Banking business segment section beginning on page 33, we evaluate our market-based results and strategies on a total market-based revenue approach by combining Net Interest Income and Noninterest Income for the Capital Markets and Advisory Services business. We also adjust for loans that we originated and sold into certain securitizations. These securitizations include off-balance sheet Loans and Leases, specifically those loans in revolving securitizations and other securitizations where servicing is retained by the Corporation (e.g., credit card and home equity lines). Noninterest Income, rather than Net Interest Income and Provision for Credit Losses, is recorded for assets that have been securitized as we are compensated for servicing the securitized assets and record servicing income and gains or losses on securitizations, where appropriate. We believe the use of this non-GAAP presentation provides additional clarity in assessing the results of the Corporation. An analysis of core net interest income – managed basis, core average earning assets – managed basis and core net interest yield on earning assets – managed basis, which adjusts for the impact of these two non-core items from reported Net Interest Income on a FTE basis, is shown below.

Table 7

Core Net Interest Income – Managed Basis

 

(Dollars in millions)    2006      2005      2004  

Net interest income

        

As reported (FTE basis)

   $ 35,815      $ 31,569      $ 28,677  

Impact of market-based net interest income (1)

     (1,651 )      (1,938 )      (2,606 )

Core net interest income

     34,164        29,631        26,071  

Impact of securitizations

     7,045        323        1,040  

Core net interest income – managed basis

   $ 41,209      $ 29,954      $ 27,111  

Average earning assets

        

As reported

   $ 1,269,144      $ 1,111,994      $ 905,273  

Impact of market-based earning assets (1)

     (369,164 )      (322,236 )      (246,704 )

Core average earning assets

     899,980        789,758        658,569  

Impact of securitizations

     98,152        9,033        13,591  

Core average earning assets – managed basis

   $ 998,132      $ 798,791      $ 672,160  

Net interest yield contribution

        

As reported (FTE basis)

     2.82     %      2.84     %      3.17     %

Impact of market-based activities

     0.98        0.91        0.79  

Core net interest yield on earning assets

     3.80        3.75        3.96  

Impact of securitizations

     0.33               0.07  

Core net interest yield on earning assets – managed basis

     4.13     %      3.75     %      4.03     %

 

(1)

Represents amounts from the Capital Markets and Advisory Services business within Global Corporate and Investment Banking.

Core net interest income on a managed basis increased $11.3 billion. This increase was primarily driven by the impact of the MBNA merger (volumes and spreads), consumer (primarily home equity) and commercial loan growth, and increases in the benefits from ALM activities, including increased portfolio balances (primarily residential mortgages) and the impact of changes in spreads across all product categories. Partially offsetting these increases was the higher costs associated with higher levels of wholesale funding.

On a managed basis, core average earning assets increased $199.3 billion primarily due to the impact of the MBNA merger, higher levels of consumer and commercial loans from organic growth and higher ALM levels (primarily residential mortgages).

Core net interest yield on a managed basis increased 38 bps as a result of the impact of the MBNA merger (volumes and spreads) and core deposit spread widening, partially offset by loan spread compression due to the flat to inverted yield curve and increased costs associated with higher levels of wholesale funding.

 

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Business Segment Operations

 

Segment Description

The Corporation reports the results of its operations through three business segments: Global Consumer and Small Business Banking, Global Corporate and Investment Banking, and Global Wealth and Investment Management. All Other consists of equity investment activities including Principal Investing, Corporate Investments and Strategic Investments, the residual impact of the allowance for credit losses and the cost allocation processes, Merger and Restructuring Charges, intersegment eliminations, and the results of certain consumer finance and commercial lending businesses that are being liquidated. All Other also includes certain amounts associated with ALM activities, including the residual impact of funds transfer pricing allocation methodologies, amounts associated with the change in the value of derivatives used as economic hedges of interest rate and foreign exchange rate fluctuations that do not qualify for Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 133 “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, as amended” (SFAS 133) hedge accounting treatment, certain gains or losses on sales of whole mortgage loans, and Gains (Losses) on Sales of Debt Securities.

 

Basis of Presentation

We prepare and evaluate segment results using certain non-GAAP methodologies and performance measures, many of which are discussed in Supplemental Financial Data beginning on page 22. We begin by evaluating the operating results of the businesses which by definition excludes Merger and Restructuring Charges. The segment results also reflect certain revenue and expense methodologies which are utilized to determine operating income. The Net Interest Income of the businesses includes the results of a funds transfer pricing process that matches assets and liabilities with similar interest rate sensitivity and maturity characteristics.

The management accounting reporting process derives segment and business results by utilizing allocation methodologies for revenue, expense and capital. The Net Income derived for the businesses are dependent upon revenue and cost allocations using an activity-based costing model, funds transfer pricing, other methodologies, and assumptions management believes are appropriate to reflect the results of the business.

The Corporation’s ALM activities maintain an overall interest rate risk management strategy that incorporates the use of interest rate contracts to minimize significant fluctuations in earnings that are caused by interest rate volatility. The Corporation’s goal is to manage interest rate sensitivity so that movements in interest rates do not significantly adversely affect Net Interest Income. The results of the business segments will fluctuate based on the performance of corporate ALM activities. Some ALM activities are recorded in the businesses (i.e., Deposits) such as external product pricing decisions, including deposit pricing strategies, as well as the effects of our internal funds transfer pricing process and other ALM actions such as portfolio positioning. The net effects of other ALM activities are reported in each of the Corporation’s segments under ALM/Other. In addition, any residual effect of the funds transfer pricing process is retained in All Other.

Certain expenses not directly attributable to a specific business segment are allocated to the segments based on pre-determined means. The most significant of these expenses include data processing costs, item processing costs and certain centralized or shared functions. Data processing costs are allocated to the segments based on equipment usage. Item processing costs are allocated to the segments based on the volume of items processed for each segment. The costs of certain centralized or shared functions are allocated based on methodologies which reflect utilization.

Equity is allocated to business segments and related businesses using a risk-adjusted methodology incorporating each unit’s credit, market, interest rate and operational risk components. The nature of these risks is discussed further beginning on page 53. ROE is calculated by dividing Net Income by average allocated equity. SVA is defined as cash basis earnings on an operating basis less a charge for the use of capital (i.e., equity). Cash basis earnings on an operating basis is defined as Net Income adjusted to exclude Merger and Restructuring Charges and Amortization of Intangibles. The charge for capital is calculated by multiplying 11 percent (management’s estimate of the shareholders’ minimum required rate of return on capital invested) by average total common shareholders’ equity at the corporate level and by average allocated equity at the business segment level. Average equity is allocated to the business level using a methodology identical to that used in the ROE calculation. Management reviews the estimate of the rate used to calculate the capital charge annually. The Capital Asset Pricing Model is used to estimate our cost of capital.

See Note 20 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional business segment information, selected financial information for the business segments and reconciliations to consolidated Total Revenue and Net Income amounts.

 

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Table of Contents
Global Consumer and Small Business Banking

 

      2006  
(Dollars in millions)    Total      Deposits     Card
Services (1)
    Mortgage     Home
Equity
    ALM/Other  

Net interest income (2)

   $ 21,100      $ 9,767     $ 8,805     $ 599     $ 1,406     $ 523  

Noninterest income

                   

Card income

     13,504        1,911       11,593                    

Service charges

     5,343        5,343                          

Mortgage banking income

     877                    793       84        

All other income

     867              1,087       44             (264 )

Total noninterest income

     20,591        7,254       12,680       837       84       (264 )

Total revenue (2)

     41,691        17,021       21,485       1,436       1,490       259  
 

Provision for credit losses

     5,172        165       4,727       17       47       216  

Gains (losses) on sales of debt securities

     (1 )                              (1 )

Noninterest expense

     18,830        9,053       7,827       972       641       337  

Income before income taxes (2)

     17,688        7,803       8,931       447       802       (295 )

Income tax expense (benefit)

     6,517        2,875       3,291       165       295       (109 )

Net income

   $ 11,171      $ 4,928     $ 5,640     $ 282     $ 507     $ (186 )
 

Shareholder value added

   $ 5,738      $ 3,610     $ 1,908     $ 75     $ 343     $ (198 )

Net interest yield (2)

     6.42     %        2.94     %     8.93     %     1.77     %     2.47     %     n/m  

Return on average equity

     17.70        32.53       12.67       14.95       33.96       n/m  

Efficiency ratio (2)

     45.17        53.19       36.43       67.71       43.01       n/m  

Period end—total assets (3)

   $ 382,392      $ 342,443     $ 143,179     $ 37,282     $ 63,742       n/m  
      2005  
(Dollars in millions)    Total      Deposits     Card
Services (1)
    Mortgage     Home
Equity
    ALM/Other  

Net interest income (2)

   $ 16,898      $ 8,537     $ 5,009     $ 745     $ 1,291     $ 1,316  

Noninterest income

                   

Card income

     5,084        1,560       3,524                    

Service charges

     4,996        4,996                          

Mortgage banking income

     1,012                    935       77        

All other income

     333              57       21             255  

Total noninterest income

     11,425        6,556       3,581       956       77       255  

Total revenue (2)

     28,323        15,093       8,590       1,701       1,368       1,571  
 

Provision for credit losses

     4,243        98       3,999       21       38       87  

Gains (losses) on sales of debt securities

     (2 )                              (2 )

Noninterest expense

     13,124        8,079       2,968       1,059       646       372  

Income before income taxes (2)

     10,954        6,916       1,623       621       684       1,110  

Income tax expense

     3,933        2,484       582       223       246       398  

Net income

   $ 7,021      $ 4,432     $ 1,041     $ 398     $ 438     $ 712  
 

Shareholder value added

   $ 4,318      $ 3,118     $ 21     $ 212     $ 315     $ 652  

Net interest yield (2)

     5.65     %      2.77     %     8.90     %     1.99     %     2.71     %     n/m  

Return on average equity

     23.73        29.56       9.28       23.12       39.20       n/m  

Efficiency ratio (2)

     46.34        53.52       34.55       62.26       47.24       n/m  

Period end—total assets (3)

   $ 331,259      $ 321,030     $ 66,338     $ 42,183     $ 51,401       n/m  

 

(1)

Card Services presented on a held view.

(2)

Fully taxable-equivalent basis

(3)

Total Assets include asset allocations to match liabilities (i.e., deposits).

n/m = not meaningful

 

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Table of Contents
     December 31   Average Balance
(Dollars in millions)    2006      2005   2006      2005

Total loans and leases

   $ 206,040      $ 151,657   $ 192,072      $ 144,027

Total earning assets (1)

     319,552        302,619     328,528        298,904

Total assets (1)

     382,392        331,259     390,257        326,243

Total deposits

     327,236        306,101     330,072        306,098

Allocated equity

     60,373        36,861     63,121        29,581

 

(1)

Total earning assets and Total Assets include asset allocations to match liabilities (i.e., deposits).

The strategy of Global Consumer and Small Business Banking is to attract, retain and deepen customer relationships. We achieve this strategy through our ability to offer a wide range of products and services through a franchise that stretches coast to coast through 30 states and the District of Columbia. With the recent merger with MBNA, we also provide credit card products to customers in Canada, Ireland, Spain and the United Kingdom. In the U.S., we serve more than 55 million consumer and small business relationships utilizing our network of 5,747 banking centers, 17,079 domestic branded ATMs, and telephone and Internet channels. Within Global Consumer and Small Business Banking, there are four primary businesses: Deposits, Card Services, Mortgage and Home Equity. In addition, ALM/Other includes the results of ALM activities and other consumer-related businesses (e.g., insurance).

Net Income increased $4.2 billion, or 59 percent, to $11.2 billion and Net Interest Income increased $4.2 billion, or 25 percent in 2006 compared to 2005. These increases were primarily due to the MBNA merger and organic growth which increased Average Loans and Leases.

Noninterest Income increased $9.2 billion, or 80 percent, mainly due to increases of $8.4 billion in Card Income, $534 million in all other income and $347 million in Service Charges. Card Income was higher mainly due to increases in excess servicing income, cash advance fees, interchange income and late fees due primarily to the impact of the MBNA merger. All other income increased primarily as a result of the MBNA merger. Service Charges increased due to new account growth and increased usage.

The Provision for Credit Losses increased $929 million, or 22 percent, to $5.2 billion in 2006 compared to 2005 primarily resulting from a $728 million increase in Card Services mainly driven by the MBNA merger. For further discussion of this increase in the Provision for Credit Losses related to Card Services, see the Card Services discussion beginning on page 28.

Noninterest Expense increased $5.7 billion, or 43 percent, in 2006 compared to 2005. The primary driver of the increase was the MBNA merger, which increased most expense items including Personnel, Marketing and Amortization of Intangibles. Amortization of Intangibles expense was higher due to increases in purchased credit card relationships, affinity relationships, core deposit intangibles and other intangibles, including trademarks related to the MBNA merger.

 

Deposits

Deposits provides a comprehensive range of products to consumers and small businesses. Our products include traditional savings accounts, money market savings accounts, CDs and IRAs, and regular and interest-checking accounts. Debit card results are also included in Deposits.

Deposit products provide a relatively stable source of funding and liquidity. We earn net interest spread revenues from investing this liquidity in earning assets through client facing lending activity and our ALM activities. The revenue is attributed to the deposit products using our funds transfer pricing process which takes into account the interest rates and maturity characteristics of the deposits. Deposits also generate various account fees such as non-sufficient fund fees, overdraft charges and account service fees while debit cards generate interchange fees. Interchange fees are volume based and paid by merchants to have the debit transactions processed.

We added approximately 2.4 million net new retail checking accounts and 1.2 million net new retail savings accounts during 2006. These additions resulted from continued improvement in sales and service results in the Banking Center Channel, the introduction of products such as Keep the ChangeTM as well as eCommerce accessibility and customer referrals.

 

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The Corporation migrates qualifying affluent customers, and their related deposit balances and associated Net Interest Income from the Global Consumer and Small Business Banking segment to Global Wealth and Investment Management.

Net Income increased $496 million, or 11 percent, in 2006 compared to 2005. The increase in Net Income was driven by an increase in Total Revenue of $1.9 billion, or 13 percent compared to 2005. Driving this growth was an increase of $1.2 billion, or 14 percent, in Net Interest Income resulting from higher average deposit levels and an increase in deposit spreads. Average deposits increased $24.0 billion, or eight percent, compared to 2005, primarily due to the MBNA merger. Deposit spreads increased 17 bps to 3.00 percent, compared to 2005 as we effectively managed pricing in a rising interest rate environment. The increase in deposits was partially offset by the migration of deposit balances to Global Wealth and Investment Management. Noninterest Income increased $698 million, or 11 percent, driven by higher debit card interchange income and higher Service Charges. The increase in debit card interchange income was primarily due to a higher number of active debit cards, increased usage, and continued improvements in penetration and activation rates. Service Charges were higher due to increased non-sufficient funds fees and overdraft charges, account service charges and ATM fees resulting from new account growth and increased usage.

Total Noninterest Expense increased $974 million, or 12 percent, in 2006 compared to 2005, primarily driven by costs associated with increased account volume.

 

Card Services

Card Services, which excludes the results of debit cards (included in Deposits), provides a broad offering of products, including U.S. Consumer and Business Card, Unsecured Lending, Merchant Services and International Card Businesses. As a result of the MBNA merger, we offer a variety of co-branded and affinity credit card products and have become the leading issuer of credit cards through endorsed marketing. Prior to the merger with MBNA, Card Services included U.S. Consumer Card, U.S. Business Card, and Merchant Services.

We present our Card Services business on both a held and managed basis (a non-GAAP measure). The performance of the managed portfolio is important to understanding Card Services’ results as it demonstrates the results of the entire portfolio serviced by the business, as the receivables that have been securitized are subject to the same underwriting standards and ongoing monitoring as the held loans. For assets that have been securitized, interest income, fee revenue and recoveries in excess of interest paid to the investors, gross credit losses and other trust expenses related to the securitized receivables are all reclassified into excess servicing income, which is a component of Card Income. Managed noninterest income includes the impact of gains recognized on securitized loan principal receivables in accordance with SFAS No. 140 “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishment of Liabilities—a replacement of FASB Statement No. 125” (SFAS 140). Managed credit impact represents the held Provision for Credit Losses combined with credit losses associated with the securitized loan portfolio. The following tables reconcile the Card Services portfolio and certain credit card data on a held basis to managed basis to reflect the impact of securitizations.

 

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Table of Contents

Card Services Data (1)

 

(Dollars in millions)    2006      2005  

Income Statement Data

     

Held net interest income

   $ 8,805      $ 5,009  

Securitizations impact

     7,584        503  

Managed net interest income

   $ 16,389      $ 5,512  

Held total noninterest income

   $ 12,680      $ 3,581  

Securitizations impact

     (4,221 )      (69 )

Managed total noninterest income

   $ 8,459      $ 3,512  

Held total revenue

   $ 21,485      $ 8,590  

Securitizations impact

     3,363        434  

Managed total revenue

   $ 24,848      $ 9,024  

Held provision for credit losses

   $ 4,727      $ 3,999  

Securitizations impact (2)

     3,363        434  

Managed credit impact

   $ 8,090      $ 4,433  

Balance Sheet Data

     

Average held Card Services outstandings

   $ 95,256      $ 56,072  

Securitizations impact

     96,238        5,051  

Average managed Card Services outstandings

   $ 191,494      $ 61,123  

Ending held Card Services outstandings

   $ 101,532      $ 61,397  

Securitizations impact

     101,865        2,237  

Ending managed Card Services outstandings

   $ 203,397      $ 63,634  

Credit Quality Statistics (3)

     

Held net charge-offs

   $ 3,871      $ 3,759  

Securitizations impact (2)

     3,363        434  

Managed Card Services net losses

   $ 7,234      $ 4,193  

Held net charge-offs

     4.06     %      6.70     %

Securitizations impact (2)

     (0.28 )      0.16  

Managed Card Services net losses

     3.78     %      6.86     %
Credit Card Data (4)      
(Dollars in millions)    2006      2005  

Balance Sheet Data

     

Average held credit card outstandings

   $ 72,979      $ 53,997  

Securitizations impact

     90,430        5,051  

Average managed credit card outstandings

   $ 163,409      $ 59,048  

Ending held credit card outstandings

   $ 72,194      $ 58,548  

Securitizations impact

     98,295        2,237  

Ending managed credit card outstandings

   $ 170,489      $ 60,785  

Credit Quality Statistics (3)

     

Held net charge-offs

   $ 3,319      $ 3,652  

Securitizations impact (2)

     3,056        434  

Managed credit card net losses

   $ 6,375      $ 4,086  

Held net charge-offs

     4.55     %      6.76     %

Securitizations impact (2)

     (0.65 )      0.16  

Managed credit card net losses

     3.90     %      6.92     %

 

(1)

Beginning with the first quarter of 2006, Card Services includes U.S. Consumer and Business Card, Unsecured Lending, Merchant Services and International Card Businesses. Prior to January 1, 2006, Card Services included U.S. Consumer Card, U.S. Business Card, and Merchant Services.

(2)

Represents credit losses associated with the securitized loan portfolio.

(3)

Pursuant to American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Statement of Position No. 03-3 “Accounting for Certain Loans or Debt Securities Acquired in a Transfer” (SOP 03-3) the Corporation decreased held net charge-offs for Card Services and credit card $288 million or 30 bps and $152 million or 21 bps in 2006. Managed net losses for Card Services and credit card decreased $288 million or 15 bps and $152 million or 9 bps. For more information, refer to the discussion of SOP 03-3 in the Consumer Portfolio Credit Risk Management section beginning on page 53.

(4)

Includes U.S. Consumer Card and Foreign Credit Card. Does not include Business Card.

 

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Managed Basis

Managed Card Services Net Interest Income increased $10.9 billion to $16.4 billion in 2006 compared to 2005. This increase was driven by the addition of MBNA and organic growth which contributed to an increase in total average managed outstandings.

Managed Card Services Noninterest Income increased $4.9 billion to $8.5 billion in 2006 compared to 2005, largely resulting from the MBNA merger and organic growth including increases in interchange income, cash advance fees and late fees.

Managed Card Services net losses increased $3.0 billion to $7.2 billion or 3.78 percent of average Managed Card Services outstandings in 2006 compared to $4.2 billion, or 6.86 percent in 2005, primarily driven by the addition of the MBNA portfolio and portfolio seasoning, partially offset by lower bankruptcy-related losses. The 308 bps decrease in the net loss ratio for Managed Card Services was driven by lower net losses resulting from bankruptcy reform and the beneficial impact of the higher credit quality of the MBNA portfolio compared to the legacy Bank of America portfolio. We expect managed net losses to trend towards more normalized levels in 2007.

Managed Card Services total average outstandings increased $130.4 billion to $191.5 billion in 2006 compared to 2005. This increase was driven by the addition of MBNA and organic growth.

Held Basis

Net Income increased $4.6 billion to $5.6 billion in 2006 compared to 2005 due to revenue growth, partially offset by increases in Noninterest Expense and Provision for Credit Losses.

Held Total Revenue increased $12.9 billion to $21.5 billion in 2006 compared to 2005 primarily due to the addition of MBNA and organic growth. The MBNA merger increased excess servicing income, cash advance fees, late fees, interchange income and all other income. Excess servicing income benefited from lower net losses on the securitized loan portfolio resulting from bankruptcy reform.

Held Provision for Credit Losses increased $728 million to $4.7 billion. This increase was primarily driven by the addition of the MBNA portfolio and seasoning of the business card portfolio, partially offset by reduced credit-related costs on the domestic consumer credit card portfolio. On the domestic consumer credit card portfolio lower bankruptcy charge-offs resulting from bankruptcy reform and the absence of the $210 million provision recorded in 2005 to establish reserves for changes in credit card minimum payment requirements were partially offset by portfolio seasoning.

Card Services held net charge-offs were $3.9 billion, $112 million higher than 2005, driven by the addition of the MBNA portfolio partially offset by lower bankruptcy-related credit card net charge-offs. Credit card held net charge-offs were $3.3 billion, or 4.55 percent of total average held credit card loans, compared to $3.7 billion, or 6.76 percent, for 2005. This decrease was primarily driven by lower bankruptcy-related charge-offs as 2005 included accelerated charge-offs resulting from bankruptcy reform. The decrease was partially offset by the addition of the MBNA portfolio, new advances on accounts for which previous loan balances were sold to the securitization trusts and portfolio seasoning.

Held total Noninterest Expense increased $4.9 billion to $7.8 billion compared to the same period in 2005 primarily driven by the MBNA merger which increased most expense items including Personnel, Marketing, and Amortization of Intangibles.

In connection with MasterCard’s initial public offering on May 24, 2006, the Corporation’s previous investment in MasterCard was exchanged for new restricted shares. The Corporation recognized a net pre-tax gain of approximately $36 million in all other income relating to the shares that were required to be redeemed by MasterCard for cash and no gain was recorded associated with the unredeemed shares. For shares acquired as part of the MBNA merger, a purchase accounting adjustment of $71 million was recorded as a reduction of Goodwill to record the fair value of both the redeemed and unredeemed MasterCard shares. At December 31, 2006, the Corporation had approximately 3.5 million restricted shares of MasterCard that are accounted for at cost.

 

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Mortgage

Mortgage generates revenue by providing an extensive line of mortgage products and services to customers nationwide. Mortgage products are available to our customers through a retail network of personal bankers located in 5,747 banking centers, sales account executives in nearly 200 locations and through a sales force offering our customers direct telephone and online access to our products. Additionally, we serve our customers through a partnership with more than 6,500 mortgage brokers in all 50 states. The mortgage product offerings for home purchase and refinancing needs include fixed and adjustable rate loans. To manage this portfolio, these products are either sold into the secondary mortgage market to investors, while retaining the Bank of America customer relationships, or are held on our balance sheet for ALM purposes.

The mortgage business includes the origination, fulfillment, sale and servicing of first mortgage loan products. Servicing activities primarily include collecting cash for principal, interest and escrow payments from borrowers, and accounting for and remitting principal and interest payments to investors and escrow payments to third parties. Servicing income includes ancillary income derived in connection with these activities such as late fees.

Mortgage production within Global Consumer and Small Business Banking was $76.7 billion in 2006 compared to $74.7 billion in 2005.

Net Income for Mortgage declined $116 million, or 29 percent, due to a decrease in Total Revenue of $265 million to $1.4 billion, partially offset by an $87 million decrease in Noninterest Expense. The decline in Total Revenue was due to a decrease of $146 million in Net Interest Income and a decrease of $142 million in Mortgage Banking Income. The reduction in Net Interest Income was primarily driven by the impact of spread compression. The decline in Mortgage Banking Income was primarily due to margin compression which negatively impacted the pricing of loans. This was partially offset by the favorable performance of the Mortgage Servicing Rights (MSRs) net of the derivatives used to economically hedge changes in the fair values of the MSRs. Mortgage was not impacted by the Corporation’s decision to retain a larger share of mortgage production on the Corporation’s Balance Sheet, as Mortgage was compensated for the decision on a management accounting basis with a corresponding offset in All Other.

The Mortgage servicing portfolio includes loans serviced for others and originated and retained residential mortgages. The servicing portfolio at December 31, 2006 was $333.0 billion, $36.2 billion higher than December 31, 2005, primarily driven by production and lower prepayment rates. Included in this amount was $229.9 billion of loans serviced for others.

At December 31, 2006, the consumer MSR balance was $2.9 billion, an increase of $211 million, or eight percent, from December 31, 2005. This value represented 125 bps of the related unpaid principal balance, a 3 bps increase from December 31, 2005. For additional information, see Note 8 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Home Equity

Home Equity generates revenue by providing an extensive line of home equity products and services to customers nationwide. Home Equity products include lines of credit and home equity loans and are also available to our customers through our retail network and our partnership with mortgage brokers.

Net Income for Home Equity increased $69 million, or 16 percent, in 2006 compared to 2005. Driving this increase in Net Income was Net Interest Income, which increased $115 million to $1.4 billion in 2006 compared to 2005, primarily attributable to account growth and larger line sizes resulting from enhanced product offerings and the expanding home equity market.

The Home Equity servicing portfolio at December 31, 2006 was $86.5 billion, $14.9 billion higher than December 31, 2005, driven primarily by increased production. Home Equity production within Global Consumer and Small Business Banking increased $9.5 billion to $65.4 billion in 2006 compared to 2005.

 

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ALM/Other

ALM/Other is comprised primarily of the allocation of a portion of the Corporation’s Net Interest Income from ALM activities, the residual of the funds transfer pricing allocation process associated with recording Card Services securitizations and the results of other consumer-related businesses (e.g., insurance).

Net Income decreased $898 million for 2006 compared to 2005. The decrease was primarily a result of a lower contribution from ALM activities and the impact of the residual of the funds transfer pricing allocation process associated with Card Services securitizations.

 

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Global Corporate and Investment Banking

 

     2006  
(Dollars in millions)    Total              Business
Lending
    Capital
Markets
and
Advisory
Services
    Treasury
Services
    ALM/
Other
 

Net interest income (1)

   $ 10,693              $ 4,605     $ 1,651     $ 3,880     $ 557  

Noninterest income

                     

Service charges

     2,777                501       120       1,995       161  

Investment and brokerage services

     1,027                15       867       33       112  

Investment banking income

     2,477                      2,476             1  

Trading account profits

     3,028                54       2,748       48       178  

All other income

     2,689                507       338       734       1,110  

Total noninterest income

     11,998                1,077       6,549       2,810       1,562  

Total revenue (1)

     22,691                5,682       8,200       6,690       2,119  
 

Provision for credit losses

     (6 )              3       14       (2 )     (21 )

Gains on sales of debt securities

     53                13       22             18  

Noninterest expense

     11,998                2,153       5,524       3,248       1,073  

Income before income taxes (1)

     10,752                3,539       2,684       3,444       1,085  

Income tax expense

     3,960                1,310       993       1,274       383  

Net income

   $ 6,792              $ 2,229     $ 1,691     $ 2,170     $ 702  
 

Shareholder value added

   $ 2,349              $ 623     $ 517     $ 1,431     $ (222 )

Net interest yield (1)

     1.71     %              2.00     %     n/m       2.85     %     n/m  

Return on average equity

     16.21                14.23       15.76     %     30.76       n/m  

Efficiency ratio (1)

     52.87                37.89       67.36       48.55       n/m  

Period end—total assets (2)

   $ 689,248              $ 246,414     $ 384,151     $ 166,503       n/m  
     2005  
(Dollars in millions)    Total              Business
Lending
    Capital
Markets
and
Advisory
Services
    Treasury
Services
    ALM/
Other
 

Net interest income (1)

   $ 11,156              $ 4,825     $ 1,938     $ 3,375     $ 1,018  

Noninterest income

                     

Service charges

     2,618                474       111       1,866       167  

Investment and brokerage services

     1,046                17       876       28       125  

Investment banking income

     1,892                      1,891             1  

Trading account profits

     1,770                (28 )     1,618       63       117  

All other income

     2,118                769       329       676       344  

Total noninterest income

     9,444                1,232       4,825       2,633       754  

Total revenue (1)

     20,600                6,057       6,763       6,008       1,772  
 

Provision for credit losses

     (291 )              67       (27 )     (4 )     (327 )

Gains on sales of debt securities

     263                62       55             146  

Noninterest expense

     11,133                2,010       4,754       3,149       1,220  

Income before income taxes (1)

     10,021                4,042       2,091       2,863       1,025  

Income tax expense

     3,637                1,448       745       1,030       414  

Net income

   $ 6,384              $ 2,594     $ 1,346     $ 1,833     $ 611  
 

Shareholder value added

   $ 1,966              $ 1,031     $ 265     $ 1,128     $ (458 )

Net interest yield (1)

     2.03     %              2.36     %     n/m       2.37     %     n/m  

Return on average equity

     15.28                16.92       13.61     %     27.06       n/m  

Efficiency ratio (1)

     54.04                33.18       70.30       52.41       n/m  

Period end—total assets (2)

   $ 633,362              $ 227,523     $ 338,190     $ 170,601       n/m  

 

(1)

Fully taxable-equivalent basis

(2)

Total Assets include asset allocations to match liabilities (i.e., deposits).

n/m = not meaningful

 

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     December 31      Average Balance
(Dollars in millions)    2006      2005      2006    2005

Total loans and leases

   $ 246,490      $ 232,631      $ 243,282    $ 214,818

Total trading-related assets

     309,321        291,267        338,364      314,568

Total market-based earning assets (1)

     347,572        305,374        369,164      322,236

Total earning assets (2)

     605,153        553,390        625,212      550,620

Total assets (2)

     689,248        633,362        706,906      633,253

Total deposits

     216,875        198,352        205,652      189,860

Allocated equity

     40,025        43,985        41,892      41,773

 

(1)

Total market-based earning assets represents earning assets from the Capital Markets and Advisory Services business.

(2)

Total earning assets and Total Assets include asset allocations to match liabilities (i.e., deposits).

Global Corporate and Investment Banking provides a wide range of financial services to both our issuer and investor clients that range from business banking clients to large international corporate and institutional investor clients using a strategy to deliver value-added financial products and advisory solutions. Global Corporate and Investment Banking’s products and services are delivered from three primary businesses: Business Lending, Capital Markets and Advisory Services, and Treasury Services, and are provided to our clients through a global team of client relationship managers and product partners. In addition, ALM/Other includes the results of ALM activities and our Latin America and Hong Kong based retail and commercial banking businesses, parts of which were sold in 2006. Our clients are supported through offices in 26 countries that are divided into four distinct geographic regions: U.S. and Canada; Asia; Europe, Middle East, and Africa; and Latin America. For more information on our foreign operations, see Foreign Portfolio beginning on page 65.

Net Income increased $408 million, or six percent, in 2006. Driving the increase were Trading Account Profits, Investment Banking Income, and gains from the sale of our Brazilian operations and Asia Commercial Banking business. These increases were partially offset by declines in Net Interest Income and Gains on Sales of Debt Securities and increases in Provision for Credit Losses and Noninterest Expense.

Although Global Corporate and Investment Banking experienced overall growth in Average Loans and Leases of $28.5 billion, or 13 percent, and an increase in Average Deposits of $15.8 billion, or eight percent, Net Interest Income declined primarily due to the impact of ALM activities, spread compression in the loan portfolio and the impact of the sale of our Brazilian operations in the third quarter of 2006. This decline was partially offset by wider spreads in our Treasury Services deposit base as we effectively managed pricing in a rising interest rate environment.

Noninterest Income increased $2.6 billion, or 27 percent, in 2006. The increase in Noninterest Income was driven largely by the increase in Trading Account Profits, Investment Banking Income, and the gain on the sale of our Brazilian operations and Asia Commercial Banking business. The increases in Trading Account Profits and Investment Banking Income were driven by continued strength in debt underwriting, sales and trading, and a favorable market environment. The sale of our Brazilian operations and Asia Commercial Banking business generated $720 million and $165 million gains (pre-tax), respectively, and were reflected in all other income.

Provision for Credit Losses was negative $6 million in 2006 compared to negative $291 million in 2005. The change in the Provision for Credit Losses was primarily due to the absence in 2006 of benefits from the release of reserves in 2005 related to an improved risk profile in Latin America and reduced uncertainties associated with the FleetBoston Financial Corporation (FleetBoston) credit integration as well as lower commercial recoveries in 2006. This increase was partially offset by benefits in 2006 from reductions in commercial reserves as a stable economic environment throughout 2006 drove sustained favorable commercial credit market conditions.

Noninterest Expense increased $865 million, or eight percent, mainly due to higher Personnel expense, including performance-based incentive compensation primarily in Capital Markets and Advisory Services and Other General Operating costs.

 

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Business Lending

Business Lending provides a wide range of lending-related products and services to our clients through client relationship teams along with various product partners. Products include commercial and corporate bank loans and commitment facilities which cover our business banking clients, middle market commercial clients and our large multinational corporate clients. Real estate lending products are issued primarily to public and private developers, homebuilders and commercial real estate firms. Leasing and asset-based lending products offer our clients innovative financing solutions. Products also include indirect consumer loans which allow us to offer financing through automotive, marine, motorcycle and recreational vehicle dealerships across the U.S. Business Lending also contains the results for the economic hedging of our risk to certain credit counterparties utilizing various risk mitigation tools such as Credit Default Swaps (CDS) and may also include the results of other products to help reduce hedging costs.

Net Income decreased $365 million, or 14 percent, primarily due to decreases in Net Interest Income and Noninterest Income, combined with an increase in Noninterest Expense. These items were partially offset by a decrease in the Provision for Credit Losses. The decrease in Net Interest Income of $220 million or five percent, was driven by the impact of lower spreads on all loan products which was partially offset by loan growth. Average Loans and Leases increased 12 percent primarily due to growth in the commercial and indirect consumer loan portfolio. The decrease in Noninterest Income was due to an increase in credit mitigation costs as spreads continued to tighten and lower equity gains in all other income. Provision for Credit Losses was $3 million in 2006 compared to $67 million in 2005. The low level of Provision for Credit Losses in 2006 was driven by benefits in 2006 from reductions in commercial reserves as a stable economic environment throughout 2006 drove sustained favorable commercial credit market conditions. These benefits were in part offset by lower commercial recoveries in 2006. Benefits from the release of reserves related to reduced uncertainties associated with the FleetBoston credit integration contributed to the low level of Provision for Credit Losses in 2005. The increase in Noninterest Expense was primarily driven by increased expenses associated with Personnel, technology, and Professional Fees.

 

Capital Markets and Advisory Services

Capital Markets and Advisory Services provides products, advisory services and financing globally to our institutional investor clients in support of their investing and trading activities. We also work with our commercial and corporate issuer clients to provide debt and equity underwriting and distribution capabilities, merger-related advisory services and risk management solutions using interest rate, equity, credit and commodity derivatives, foreign exchange, fixed income and mortgage-related products. In support of these activities, the business may take positions in these products and participate in market-making activities dealing in government securities, equity and equity-linked securities, high-grade and high-yield corporate debt securities, commercial paper, and mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities. Underwriting debt and equity, securities research and certain market-based activities are executed through Banc of America Securities, LLC which is a primary dealer in the U.S. and several other countries.

 

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Table of Contents

Capital Markets and Advisory Services market-based revenue includes Net Interest Income, Noninterest Income, including equity income, and Gains (Losses) on Sales of Debt Securities. We evaluate our trading results and strategies based on market-based revenue. The following table presents further detail regarding market-based revenue. Sales and trading revenue is segregated into fixed income from liquid products (primarily interest rate and commodity derivatives, foreign exchange contracts and public finance), credit products (primarily investment and noninvestment grade corporate debt obligations and credit derivatives), and structured products (primarily commercial mortgage-backed securities, residential mortgage-backed securities, and collateralized debt obligations), and equity income from equity-linked derivatives and cash equity activity.

 

(Dollars in millions)    2006      2005

Investment banking income

       

Advisory fees

   $ 338      $ 295

Debt underwriting

     1,822        1,323

Equity underwriting

     316        273

Total investment banking income

     2,476        1,891

Sales and trading

       

Fixed income:

       

Liquid products

     2,021        1,890

Credit products

     825        634

Structured products

     1,449        1,033

Total fixed income

     4,295        3,557

Equity income

     1,451        1,370

Total sales and trading (1)

     5,746        4,927

Total Capital Markets and Advisory Services market-based revenue (1)

   $ 8,222      $ 6,818

 

(1)

Includes Gains on Sales of Debt Securities of $22 million and $55 million for 2006 and 2005.

Net Income increased $345 million, or 26 percent, market-based revenue increased $1.4 billion, or 21 percent, driven primarily by increased sales and trading fixed income activity of $738 million, or 21 percent, due to a favorable market environment as well as benefits from previous investments in personnel and trading infrastructure. Market-based revenue also benefited from an increase in Investment Banking Income of $585 million, or 31 percent, primarily driven by increased market activity and continued strength in debt underwriting. Noninterest Expense increased $770 million, or 16 percent, due to higher Personnel expense, including performance-based incentive compensation, and Other General Operating costs.

 

Treasury Services

Treasury Services provides integrated working capital management and treasury solutions to clients worldwide through our network of proprietary offices and special clearing arrangements. Our clients include multinationals, middle-market companies, correspondent banks, commercial real estate firms and governments. Our products and services include treasury management, trade finance, foreign exchange, short-term credit facilities and short-term investing options. Net Interest Income is derived from interest and noninterest-bearing deposits, sweep investments, and other liability management products. Deposit products provide a relatively stable source of funding and liquidity. We earn net interest spread revenues from investing this liquidity in earning assets through client facing lending activity and our ALM activities. The revenue is attributed to the deposit products using our funds transfer pricing process which takes into account the interest rates and maturity characteristics of the deposits. Noninterest Income is generated from payment and receipt products, merchant services, wholesale card products, and trade services and is comprised primarily of service charges which are net of market-based earnings credit rates applied against noninterest-bearing deposits.

Net Income increased $337 million, or 18 percent, primarily due to an increase in Net Interest Income, higher Service Charges and all other income, partially offset by increased Noninterest Expense. Net Interest Income from Treasury Services increased $505 million, or 15 percent, driven primarily by wider spreads associated with higher short-term interest rates as we effectively managed pricing in a rising interest rate environment. This was partially offset by the impact of a four percent decrease in Treasury Services average deposit balances driven primarily by the slowdown in the mortgage and title business

 

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reducing real estate escrow and demand deposit balances. Service Charges and wholesale card products increased seven percent and 14 percent benefiting from increased client penetration and both market and product expansion. Noninterest Expense increased $99 million, or three percent, due to higher Personnel expense and Other General Operating costs.

 

ALM/Other

ALM/Other is comprised primarily of our Latin American operations in Brazil, Chile, Argentina and Uruguay, and our commercial operations in Mexico, as well as our Asia Commercial Banking business. These operations primarily service indigenous and multinational corporations, small businesses and affluent consumers. Brazilian operations were included through September 1, 2006, and the Asia Commercial Banking business was included through December 29, 2006, the effective dates of the sales of these operations. ALM/Other also includes an allocation of a portion of the Corporation’s Net Interest Income from ALM activities. For more information on our Latin American and Asian operations, see Foreign Portfolio beginning on page 65.

Net Income increased $91 million, or 15 percent, which included the $720 million gain (pre-tax) recorded on the sale of our Brazilian operations. The Corporation sold its operations in exchange for approximately $1.9 billion in equity of Banco Itaú, Brazil’s second largest nongovernment-owned banking company. The $1.9 billion equity investment in Banco Itaú is recorded in Other Assets in Strategic Investments. For more information on our Strategic Investments, see All Other beginning on page 41. The Corporation also completed the sale of its Asia Commercial Banking business to CCB for cash resulting in a $165 million gain (pre-tax) that was recorded in all other income. Partially offsetting these increases was a decrease in Net Interest Income of $461 million driven by the impact of ALM activities and the impact of the sale of our Brazilian operations in the third quarter of 2006. The Provision for Credit losses was negative $21 million, compared to negative $327 million in 2005. The change in the Provision for Credit Losses was driven by the benefits from the release of reserves in 2005 related to an improved risk profile in Latin America. Gains on Sales of Debt Securities decreased $128 million to $18 million in 2006. Noninterest expense decreased $147 million, or 12 percent, primarily driven by lower expenses after the sale of our Brazilian operations in the third quarter of 2006.

In December 2005, we entered into a definitive agreement with a consortium led by Johannesburg-based Standard Bank Group Limited for the sale of our assets and the assumption of liabilities in Argentina. This transaction is expected to close in early 2007.

In August, 2006, we announced a definitive agreement to sell our operations in Chile and Uruguay for equity in Banco Itaú and other consideration totaling approximately $615 million. These transactions are expected to close in early 2007.

 

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Global Wealth and Investment Management

 

      2006  
(Dollars in millions)    Total        Private
Bank
     Columbia
Management
    Premier
Banking and
Investments
    ALM/
Other
 

Net interest income (1)

   $ 3,881        $ 1,000      $ (37 )   $ 2,000     $ 918  

Noninterest income

                   

Investment and brokerage services

     3,449          1,014        1,532       752       151  

All other income

     449          84        43       126       196  

Total noninterest income

     3,898          1,098        1,575       878       347  

Total revenue (1)

     7,779          2,098        1,538       2,878       1,265  
 

Provision for credit losses

     (40 )        (52 )            13       (1 )

Noninterest expense

     4,005          1,273        1,007       1,361       364  

Income before income taxes (1)

     3,814          877        531       1,504       902  

Income tax expense

     1,411          324        196       556       335  

Net income

   $ 2,403        $ 553      $ 335     $ 948     $ 567  
 

Shareholder value added

   $ 1,340        $ 302      $ 196     $ 574     $ 268  

Net interest yield (1)

     3.29     %          3.20     %      n/m       2.93     %     n/m  

Return on average equity

     23.20          22.46        20.66     %     26.89       n/m  

Efficiency ratio (1)

     51.48          60.69        65.49       47.29       n/m  

Period end—total assets (2)

   $ 137,739        $ 34,047      $ 3,082     $ 105,460       n/m  
      2005  
(Dollars in millions)    Total        Private
Bank
     Columbia
Management
    Premier
Banking and
Investments
    ALM/
Other
 

Net interest income (1)

   $ 3,820        $ 1,008      $ 6     $ 1,732     $ 1,074  

Noninterest income

                   

Investment and brokerage services

     3,140          1,014        1,321       670       135  

All other income

     356          65        32       148       111  

Total noninterest income

     3,496          1,079        1,353       818       246  

Total revenue (1)

     7,316          2,087        1,359       2,550       1,320  
 

Provision for credit losses

     (7 )        (23 )            18       (2 )

Noninterest expense

     3,710          1,237        902       1,266       305  

Income before income taxes (1)

     3,613          873        457       1,266       1,017  

Income tax expense

     1,297          314        165       456       362  

Net income

   $ 2,316        $ 559      $ 292     $ 810     $ 655  
 

Shareholder value added

   $ 1,263        $ 337      $ 142     $ 461     $ 323  

Net interest yield (1)

     3.19     %        3.37     %      n/m       2.53     %     n/m  

Return on average equity

     22.52          25.28        16.95     %     24.52       n/m  

Efficiency ratio (1)

     50.72          59.27        66.37       49.65       n/m  

Period end—total assets (2)

   $ 129,232        $ 31,736      $ 2,686     $ 102,090       n/m  

 

(1)

Fully taxable-equivalent basis

(2)

Total Assets include asset allocations to match liabilities (i.e., deposits).

n/m = not meaningful

 

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Table of Contents
    December 31   Average Balance
(Dollars in millions)   2006      2005   2006      2005

Total loans and leases

  $   66,034      $   58,380   $   61,497      $   54,102

Total earning assets (1)

    129,589        121,269     117,916        119,607

Total assets (1)

    137,739        129,232     125,663        127,394

Total deposits

    125,622        115,454     115,071        117,338

Allocated equity

    11,007        12,813     10,358        10,284

 

(1)

Total earning assets and Total Assets include asset allocations to match liabilities (i.e., deposits).

Global Wealth and Investment Management provides a wide offering of customized banking and investment services tailored to meet the changing wealth management goals of our individual and institutional customer base. Our clients have access to a range of services offered through three primary businesses: The Private Bank, Columbia Management (Columbia), and Premier Banking and Investments (PB&I). In addition, ALM/Other includes the impact of Banc of America Specialist, the results of ALM activities and the impact of migrating qualifying affluent customers from Global Consumer and Small Business Banking to our PB&I customer service model.

Net Income increased $87 million, or four percent, due to higher Total Revenue partially offset by higher Noninterest Expense.

Net Interest Income increased $61 million, or two percent, due to increases in deposit spreads and higher Average Loans and Leases, largely offset by a decline in ALM activities and loan spread compression. Global Wealth and Investment Management also benefited from the migration of deposits from Global Consumer and Small Business Banking.

Noninterest Income increased $402 million, or 11 percent, due to increases in Investment and Brokerage Services driven by higher levels of assets under management. Noninterest Income also benefited from nonrecurring items in 2006.

Provision for Credit Losses decreased $33 million due to a credit loss recovery in 2006.

Noninterest expense increased $295 million, or eight percent, primarily due to increases in Personnel expense driven by the addition of sales associates and revenue generating expenses.

Client Assets

Client Assets consist of Assets under management, Client brokerage assets, and Assets in Custody. Assets under management generate fees based on a percentage of their market value. They consist largely of mutual funds and separate accounts, which are comprised of taxable and nontaxable money market products, equities, and taxable and nontaxable fixed income securities. Client brokerage assets represent a source of commission revenue and fees for the Corporation. Assets in custody represent trust assets administered for customers. Trust assets encompass a broad range of asset types including real estate, private company ownership interest, personal property and investments.

 

 Client Assets   December 31  
(Dollars in millions)   2006        2005  

Assets under management

  $ 542,977        $ 482,394  

Client brokerage assets (1)

    203,799          176,822  

Assets in custody

    100,982          94,184  

Less: Client brokerage assets and Assets in custody included in Assets under management

    (57,446 )        (44,931 )

Total net client assets

  $ 790,312        $ 708,469  

 

(1)

Client brokerage assets include non-discretionary brokerage and fee-based assets. Previously, the Corporation reported Client brokerage assets excluding fee-based assets. The 2005 amounts have been reclassified to reflect this adjustment.

Assets under management increased $60.6 billion, or 13 percent, and was driven by net inflows in both money market and equity products as well as market appreciation. Client brokerage assets increased by $27.0 billion, or 15 percent, reflecting growth in full service assets from higher broker productivity, as well as growth in self directed assets which benefited from new pricing strategies including $0 Online Equity Trades which were offered beginning in the fourth quarter of 2006. Assets in custody increased $6.7 billion, or seven percent, due to market appreciation partially offset by net outflows.

 

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Table of Contents
The Private Bank

The Private Bank provides integrated wealth management solutions to high net-worth individuals, middle-market institutions and charitable organizations with investable assets greater than $3 million. The Private Bank provides investment, trust and banking services as well as specialty asset management services (oil and gas, real estate, farm and ranch, timberland, private businesses and tax advisory). The Private Bank also provides integrated wealth management solutions to ultra high-net-worth individuals and families with investable assets greater than $50 million through its Family Wealth Advisors unit. Family Wealth Advisors provides a higher level of contact, tailored service and wealth management solutions addressing the complex needs of their clients.

Net Income decreased $6 million, or one percent, primarily due to increased Noninterest Expense and a decrease in Net Interest Income, partially offset by higher Noninterest Income and a credit loss recovery. The decrease in Net Interest Income of $8 million, or one percent, was primarily attributable to lower average deposit balances as client money flowed to equities, partially offset by wider deposit spreads. The increase in Noninterest Income of $19 million, or two percent, was a result of nonrecurring items. The Provision for Credit Losses decreased $29 million as a result of a credit loss recovery in 2006. The increase in Noninterest Expense of $36 million, or three percent, was driven by higher personnel and other operating costs.

In November 2006, the Corporation announced a definitive agreement to acquire U.S. Trust for $3.3 billion in cash. U.S. Trust is one of the largest and most respected U.S. firms which focuses exclusively on managing wealth for high net-worth and ultra high net-worth individuals and families. The acquisition will significantly increase the size and capabilities of the Corporation’s wealth business and position it as one of the largest financial services companies managing private wealth in the U.S. The transaction is expected to close in the third quarter of 2007.

 

Columbia Management

Columbia is an asset management business serving the needs of both institutional clients and individual customers. Columbia provides asset management services, including mutual funds, liquidity strategies and separate accounts. Columbia mutual fund offerings provide a broad array of investment strategies and products including equities, fixed income (taxable and non-taxable) and money market (taxable and non-taxable) funds. Columbia distributes its products and services directly to institutional clients, and distributes to individuals through The Private Bank, Family Wealth Advisors, Premier Banking and Investments, and nonproprietary channels including other brokerage firms.

Net Income increased $43 million, or 15 percent, primarily as a result of an increase in Investment and Brokerage Services of $211 million, or 16 percent, in 2006. This increase is due to higher assets under management driven by net inflows in money market and equity funds, and market appreciation. Noninterest Expense increased $105 million, or 12 percent, primarily due to higher Personnel costs including revenue-based compensation and other operating costs.

 

Premier Banking and Investments

Premier Banking and Investments includes Banc of America Investments, our full-service retail brokerage business and our Premier Banking channel. PB&I brings personalized banking and investment expertise through priority service with client-dedicated teams. PB&I provides a high-touch client experience through a network of approximately 4,400 client advisors to our affluent customers with a personal wealth profile that includes investable assets plus a mortgage that exceeds $500,000 or at least $100,000 of investable assets.

Net Income increased $138 million, or 17 percent, primarily due to an increase in Net Interest Income. The increase in Net Interest Income of $268 million, or 15 percent, was primarily driven by higher deposit spreads partially offset by lower average deposit balances. Deposit spreads increased 40 bps to 2.34 percent. Net Interest Income also benefited from higher Average Loans and Leases, mainly residential mortgages and home equity.

Noninterest Income increased $60 million, or seven percent, primarily driven by higher Investment and Brokerage Services. Noninterest Expense increased $95 million, or eight percent, primarily due to increases in Personnel expense driven by the PB&I expansion of Client Managers and Financial Advisors and higher performance-based compensation.

 

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ALM/Other

We migrate qualifying affluent customers, and their related deposit balances and associated Net Interest Income from the Global Consumer and Small Business Banking segment to our PB&I customer service model. In order to provide a view of organic growth in PB&I, we allocate the original migrated deposit balances, including attrition, as well as the corresponding Net Interest Income at original spreads from PB&I to ALM/Other.

Net Income decreased $88 million, or 13 percent, primarily due to a decrease in Net Interest Income partially offset by an increase in Noninterest Income. Net Interest Income decreased $156 million driven by a significant reduction from ALM activities, partially offset by higher Net Interest Income on deposits due to migration of certain banking relationships from Global Consumer and Small Business Banking. During 2006 and 2005, $10.7 billion and $16.9 billion of average deposit balances were migrated from the Global Consumer and Small Business Banking segment to Global Wealth and Investment Management. The total cumulative average impact of migrated balances was $48.5 billion in 2006 compared to $39.3 billion for 2005. Noninterest Income increased $101 million primarily reflecting nonrecurring items in 2006.

 

All Other

 

(Dollars in millions)    2006        2005  

Net interest income (1)

   $ 141        $ (305 )

Noninterest income

       

Equity investment gains

     2,866          1,964  

All other income

     (921 )        (975 )

Total noninterest income

     1,945          989  

Total revenue (1)

     2,086          684  

Provision for credit losses

     (116 )        69  

Gains (losses) on sales of debt securities

     (495 )        823  

Merger and restructuring charges (2)

     805          412  

All other noninterest expense

     (41 )        302  

Income before income taxes (1)

     943          724  

Income tax expense (benefit)

     176          (20 )

Net income

   $ 767        $     744  

Shareholder value added

   $ (306 )      $ (953 )

 

(1)

Fully taxable-equivalent basis

(2)

For more information on Merger and Restructuring Charges, see Note 2 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Included in All Other are our Equity Investments businesses and Other.

Equity Investments includes Principal Investing, Corporate Investments and Strategic Investments. Principal Investing is comprised of a diversified portfolio of investments in privately-held and publicly-traded companies at all stages of their life cycle from start-up to buyout. These investments are made either directly in a company or held through a fund and are accounted for at fair value. See Note 1 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on the accounting for the Principal Investing portfolio. Corporate Investments primarily includes investments in publicly-traded equity securities and funds and are accounted for as AFS marketable equity securities. Strategic Investments includes the Corporation’s strategic investments such as CCB, Grupo Financiero Santander Serfin (Santander), Banco Itaú and other investments. The restricted shares of CCB and Banco Itaú are currently carried at cost but, as required by GAAP, will be accounted for as AFS marketable equity securities and carried at fair value with an offset to Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) starting one year prior to the lapse of their restrictions. See Note 5 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information on our strategic investments. Our investment in Santander is accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Income associated with Equity Investments is recorded in Equity Investment Gains and includes gains (losses) on sales of these equity investments, dividends, and valuations that primarily relate to the Principal Investing portfolio.

 

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The following table presents the components of All Other’s Equity Investment Gains and a reconciliation to the total consolidated Equity Investment Gains for 2006 and 2005.

  Components of Equity Investment Gains

 

(Dollars in millions)    2006      2005

Principal Investing

   $ 1,894      $ 1,500

Corporate and Strategic Investments

     972        464

Total equity investment gains included in All Other

     2,866        1,964

Total equity investment gains included in the business segments

     323        248

Total consolidated equity investment gains

   $ 3,189      $ 2,212

The Other component of All Other includes the residual impact of the allowance for credit losses and the cost allocation processes, Merger and Restructuring Charges, intersegment eliminations, and the results of certain consumer finance and commercial lending businesses that are being liquidated. Other also includes certain amounts associated with ALM activities, including the residual impact of funds transfer pricing allocation methodologies, amounts associated with the change in the value of derivatives used as economic hedges of interest rate and foreign exchange rate fluctuations that do not qualify for SFAS 133 hedge accounting treatment, certain gains or losses on sales of whole mortgage loans, and Gains (Losses) on Sales of Debt Securities. The objective of the funds transfer pricing allocation methodology is to neutralize the businesses from changes in interest rate and foreign exchange fluctuations. Accordingly, for segment reporting purposes, the businesses received in 2005 the neutralizing benefit to Net Interest Income related to certain of the economic hedges previously mentioned, with the offset recorded in Other. Other also includes adjustments in Noninterest Income and Income Tax Expense to remove the FTE impact of items (primarily low-income housing tax credits) that have been grossed up within Noninterest Income to a fully taxable equivalent amount in the other segments.

Net Income increased $23 million, or three percent, primarily due to increases in Equity Investment Gains, Net Interest Income, decreases in Provision for Credit Losses, and all other noninterest expense. These changes were largely offset by a decrease in Gains (Losses) on Sales of Debt Securities and an increase in Merger and Restructuring Charges. The increase in Net Interest Income of $446 million is due primarily to the $419 million negative impact to 2005 results retained in All Other relating to funds transfer pricing that was not allocated to the businesses. Equity Investment Gains increased $902 million due to favorable market conditions driving liquidity in the Principal Investing portfolio as well as a $341 million gain recorded on the liquidation of a strategic European investment.

Provision for Credit Losses decreased $185 million to a negative $116 million. In 2005 a $50 million reserve for estimated losses associated with Hurricane Katrina was established. We did not incur significant losses from Hurricane Katrina and, therefore, released the previously established reserve in 2006.

The decrease in Gains (Losses) on Sales of Debt Securities of $1.3 billion resulted from a loss on the sale of mortgage-backed securities, which was driven by a decision to hold a lower level of investments in securities relative to loans (see “Interest Rate Risk Management – Securities” on page 77 for further discussion), compared with gains recorded on the sales of mortgage-backed securities in 2005.

Merger and Restructuring Charges were $805 million in 2006 compared to $412 million in 2005. The charge in 2006 was due to the MBNA merger whereas the 2005 charge was primarily related to the FleetBoston merger. See Note 2 of Consolidated Financial Statements for further information associated with the MBNA merger. The decline in all other noninterest expense of $343 million is due to decreases in unallocated residual general operating expenses.

Income Tax Expense (Benefit) was $176 million in 2006 compared to $(20) million in 2005. This change was driven by both a $175 million cumulative tax charge in 2006 resulting from the change in tax legislation relating to the extraterritorial income and foreign sales corporation regimes and by higher pre-tax income.

 

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Off- and On-Balance Sheet Financing Entities

 

Off-Balance Sheet Commercial Paper Conduits

In addition to traditional lending, we also support our customers’ financing needs by facilitating their access to the commercial paper markets. These markets provide an attractive, lower-cost financing alternative for our customers. Our customers sell or otherwise transfer assets, such as high-grade trade or other receivables or leases, to a commercial paper financing entity, which in turn issues high-grade short-term commercial paper that is collateralized by the underlying assets. We facilitate these transactions and collect fees from the financing entity for the services it provides including administration, trust services and marketing the commercial paper.

We receive fees for providing combinations of liquidity and standby letters of credit (SBLCs) or similar loss protection commitments to the commercial paper financing entities. These forms of asset support are senior to the first layer of asset support provided by customers through over-collateralization or by support provided by third parties. The rating agencies require that a certain percentage of the commercial paper entity’s assets be supported by the seller’s over-collateralization and our SBLC in order to receive their respective investment rating. The SBLC would be drawn on only when the over-collateralization provided by the seller is not sufficient to cover losses of the related asset. Liquidity commitments made to the commercial paper entity are designed to fund scheduled redemptions of commercial paper if there is a market disruption or the new commercial paper cannot be issued to fund the redemption of the maturing commercial paper. The liquidity facility has the same legal priority as the commercial paper. We do not enter into any other form of guarantee with these entities.

We manage our credit risk on these commitments by subjecting them to our normal underwriting and risk management processes. At December 31, 2006 and 2005, we had off-balance sheet liquidity commitments and SBLCs to these entities of $36.7 billion and $25.9 billion. Substantially all of these liquidity commitments and SBLCs mature within one year. These amounts are included in Table 9. Net revenues earned from fees associated with these off-balance sheet financing entities were $91 million and $72 million in 2006 and 2005.

From time to time, we may purchase some of the commercial paper issued by certain of these entities for our own account or acting as a dealer on behalf of third parties. SBLCs are initially recorded at fair value in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Interpretation No. 45, “Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees” (FIN 45). Liquidity commitments and SBLCs subsequent to inception are accounted for pursuant to SFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies” (SFAS 5), and are discussed further in Note 13 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

The commercial paper conduits are variable interest entities (VIEs) as defined in FASB Interpretation No. 46 (Revised December 2003), “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an interpretation of ARB No. 51” (FIN 46R), which provides a framework for identifying VIEs and determining when a company should include the assets, liabilities, non-controlling interests and results of activities of a VIE in its consolidated financial statements. In accordance with FIN 46R, the primary beneficiary is the party that consolidates a VIE based on its assessment that it will absorb a majority of the expected losses or expected residual returns of the entity, or both. We have determined that we are not the primary beneficiary of the commercial paper conduits described above and, therefore, have not included the assets and liabilities or results of operations of these conduits in the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporation.

 

On-Balance Sheet Commercial Paper Conduits

In addition to the off-balance sheet financing entities previously described, we also utilize commercial paper conduits that have been consolidated based on our determination that we are the primary beneficiary of the entities in accordance with FIN 46R. At December 31, 2006 and 2005, the consolidated assets and liabilities of these conduits were reflected in AFS Securities, Other Assets, and Commercial Paper and Other Short-term Borrowings in Global Corporate and Investment Banking. At December 31, 2006 and 2005, we held $10.5 billion and $6.6 billion of assets of these entities while our

 

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maximum loss exposure associated with these entities, including unfunded lending commitments, was approximately $12.9 billion and $8.3 billion. We manage our credit risk on the on-balance sheet commitments by subjecting them to the same processes as the off-balance sheet commitments.

 

Commercial Paper Qualified Special Purpose Entities

To manage our capital position and diversify funding sources, we will, from time to time, sell assets to off-balance sheet entities that obtain financing by issuing commercial paper or notes with similar repricing characteristics to investors. These entities are Qualified Special Purpose Entities (QSPEs) that have been isolated beyond our reach or that of our creditors, even in the event of bankruptcy or other receivership. The accounting for these entities is governed by SFAS 140, which provides that QSPEs are not included in the consolidated financial statements of the seller. Assets sold to the entities consist of high-grade corporate or municipal bonds, collateralized debt obligations and asset-backed securities. These entities issue collateralized commercial paper or notes with similar repricing characteristics to third party market participants and enter into passive derivative instruments with us. Assets sold to these entities typically have an investment rating ranging from Aaa/AAA to Aa/AA. We may provide liquidity, SBLCs or similar loss protection commitments to these entities, or we may enter into derivatives with these entities in which we assume certain risks. The liquidity facility and derivatives have the same legal standing with the commercial paper.

The derivatives provide interest rate, currency and a pre-specified amount of credit protection to the entity in exchange for the commercial paper rate. These derivatives are provided for in the legal documents and help to alleviate any cash flow mismatches. In some cases, if an asset’s rating declines below a certain investment quality as evidenced by its investment rating or defaults, we are no longer exposed to the risk of loss. At that time, the commercial paper holders assume the risk of loss. In other cases, we agree to assume all of the credit exposure related to the referenced asset. Legal documents for each entity specify asset quality levels that require the entity to automatically dispose of the asset once the asset falls below the specified quality rating. At the time the asset is disposed, we are required to reimburse the entity for any credit-related losses depending on the pre-specified level of protection provided.

We manage any credit or market risk on commitments or derivatives through normal underwriting and risk management processes. At December 31, 2006 and 2005, we had off-balance sheet liquidity commitments, SBLCs and other financial guarantees to these entities of $7.6 billion and $7.1 billion, for which we received fees of $9 million and $10 million for 2006 and 2005. Substantially all of these commitments mature within one year and are included in Table 9. Derivative activity related to these entities is included in Note 4 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

We generally do not purchase any of the commercial paper issued by these types of financing entities other than during the underwriting process when we act as issuing agent nor do we purchase any of the commercial paper for our own account. Derivative instruments related to these entities are marked to market through the Consolidated Statement of Income. SBLCs are initially recorded at fair value in accordance with FIN 45. Liquidity commitments and SBLCs subsequent to inception are accounted for pursuant to SFAS 5 and are discussed further in Note 13 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

In addition, as a result of the MBNA merger on January 1, 2006, the Corporation acquired interests in off-balance sheet credit card securitization vehicles which issue both commercial paper and medium-term notes. We hold subordinated interests issued by these entities, which are QSPEs, but do not otherwise provide liquidity or other forms of loss protection to these vehicles. For additional information on credit card securitizations, see Note 9 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Credit and Liquidity Risks

Because we provide liquidity and credit support to the commercial paper conduits and QSPEs described above, our credit ratings and changes thereto will affect the borrowing cost and liquidity of these entities. In addition, significant changes in counterparty asset valuation and credit standing may also affect the liquidity of the commercial paper issuance. Disruption in the commercial paper markets may result in the Corporation having to fund under these commitments and SBLCs discussed above. We seek to manage these risks, along with all other credit and liquidity risks, within our policies and practices. See Notes 1 and 9 of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion of off-balance sheet financing entities.

 

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Other Off-Balance Sheet Financing Entities

To improve our capital position and diversify funding sources, we also sell assets, primarily loans, to other off-balance sheet QSPEs that obtain financing primarily by issuing term notes. We may retain a portion of the investment grade notes issued by these entities, and we may also retain subordinated interests in the entities which reduce the credit risk of the senior investors. We may provide liquidity support in the form of foreign exchange or interest rate swaps. We generally do not provide other forms of credit support to these entities, which are described more fully in Note 9 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. In addition to the above, we had significant involvement with VIEs other than the commercial paper conduits. These VIEs were not consolidated because we will not absorb a majority of the expected losses or expected residual returns and are therefore not the primary beneficiary of the VIEs. These entities are described more fully in Note 9 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Obligations and Commitments

We have contractual obligations to make future payments on debt and lease agreements. Additionally, in the normal course of business, we enter into contractual arrangements whereby we commit to future purchases of products or services from unaffiliated parties. Obligations that are legally binding agreements whereby we agree to purchase products or services with a specific minimum quantity defined at a fixed, minimum or variable price over a specified period of time are defined as purchase obligations. Included in purchase obligations are vendor contracts of $6.3 billion, commitments to purchase securities of $9.1 billion and commitments to purchase loans of $43.3 billion. The most significant of our vendor contracts include communication services, processing services and software contracts. Other long-term liabilities include our obligations related to the Qualified Pension Plans, Nonqualified Pension Plans and Postretirement Health and Life Plans (the Plans) as well as amounts accrued for cardholder reward agreements. Obligations to the Plans are based on the current and projected obligations of the Plans, performance of the Plans’ assets and any participant contributions, if applicable. During 2006 and 2005, we contributed $2.6 billion and $1.1 billion to the Plans, and we expect to make at least $192 million of contributions during 2007. Debt, lease and other obligations are more fully discussed in Notes 12 and 13 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Table 8 presents total long-term debt and other obligations at December 31, 2006.

Table 8

Long-term Debt and Other Obligations (1)

 

December 31, 2006                                   
(Dollars in millions)    Due in 1 year or
less
   Due after 1 year
through 3 years
   Due after 3
years through 5
years
   Due after 5
years
   Total

Long-term debt and capital leases

   $ 17,194    $ 44,962    $ 20,799    $ 63,045    $ 146,000

Purchase obligations (2)

     23,918      22,578      11,234      1,005      58,735

Operating lease obligations

     1,375      2,410      1,732      5,951      11,468

Other long-term liabilities

     464      676      290      835      2,265

Total

   $ 42,951    $ 70,626    $ 34,055    $ 70,836    $ 218,468

 

(1)

This table does not include the obligations associated with the Corporation’s Deposits. For more information on Deposits, see Note 11 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

(2)

Obligations that are legally binding agreements whereby we agree to purchase products or services with a specific minimum quantity defined at a fixed, minimum or variable price over a specified period of time are defined as purchase obligations.

Many of our lending relationships contain funded and unfunded elements. The funded portion is reflected on our balance sheet. The unfunded component of these commitments is not recorded on our balance sheet until a draw is made under the credit facility; however, a reserve is established for probable losses. These commitments, as well as guarantees, are more fully discussed in Note 13 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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The following table summarizes the total unfunded, or off-balance sheet, credit extension commitment amounts by expiration date. At December 31, 2006, charge cards (nonrevolving card lines) to individuals and government entities guaranteed by the U.S. government in the amount of $9.6 billion (related outstandings of $193 million) were not included in credit card line commitments in the table below.

Table 9

Credit Extension Commitments

 

December 31, 2006                                   
(Dollars in millions)    Expires in 1 year
or less
   Expires after 1
year through 3
years
   Expires after 3
years through
5 years
   Expires after 5
years
   Total

Loan commitments (1)

   $ 151,604    $ 60,660    $ 90,988    $ 34,953    $ 338,205

Home equity lines of credit

     1,738      1,801      2,742      91,919      98,200

Standby letters of credit and financial guarantees

     29,213      10,712      6,744      6,337      53,006

Commercial letters of credit

     3,880      180      27      395      4,482

Legally binding commitments

     186,435      73,353      100,501      133,604      493,893

Credit card lines (2)

     840,215      13,377                853,592

Total

   $ 1,026,650    $ 86,730    $ 100,501    $ 133,604    $ 1,347,485

 

(1)

Included at December 31, 2006, are equity commitments of $2.8 billion related to obligations to further fund equity investments.

(2)

As part of the MBNA merger, on January 1, 2006, the Corporation acquired $588.4 billion of unused credit card lines.

 

Managing Risk

 

Overview

Our management governance structure enables us to manage all major aspects of our business through an integrated planning and review process that includes strategic, financial, associate, customer and risk planning. We derive much of our revenue from managing risk from customer transactions for profit. In addition to qualitative factors, we utilize quantitative measures to optimize risk and reward trade offs in order to achieve growth targets and financial objectives while reducing the variability of earnings and minimizing unexpected losses. Risk metrics that allow us to measure performance include economic capital targets, SVA targets and corporate risk limits. By allocating economic capital to a business unit, we effectively define that unit’s ability to take on risk. Review and approval of business plans incorporates approval of economic capital allocation, and economic capital usage is monitored through financial and risk reporting. Country, trading, asset allocation and other limits supplement the allocation of economic capital. These limits are based on an analysis of risk and reward in each business unit and management is responsible for tracking and reporting performance measurements as well as any exceptions to guidelines or limits. Our risk management process continually evaluates risk and appropriate metrics needed to measure it.

Our business exposes us to the following major risks: strategic, liquidity, credit, market and operational. Strategic Risk is the risk that adverse business decisions, ineffective or inappropriate business plans or failure to respond to changes in the competitive environment, business cycles, customer preferences, product obsolescence, execution and/or other intrinsic risks of business will impact our ability to meet our objectives. Liquidity risk is the inability to accommodate liability maturities and deposit withdrawals, fund asset growth and meet contractual obligations through unconstrained access to funding at reasonable market rates. Credit risk is the risk of loss arising from a borrower’s or counterparty’s inability to meet its obligations. Market risk is the risk that values of assets and liabilities or revenues will be adversely affected by changes in market conditions, such as interest rate movements. Operational risk is the risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, people and systems or external events. The following sections, Strategic Risk Management, Liquidity Risk and Capital Management, Credit Risk Management beginning on page 48, Market Risk Management beginning on page 72 and Operational Risk Management beginning on page 80, address in more detail the specific procedures, measures and analyses of the major categories of risk that we manage.

 

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Risk Management Processes and Methods

We have established control processes and use various methods to align risk-taking and risk management throughout our organization. These control processes and methods are designed around “three lines of defense”: lines of business; enterprise functions (including Risk Management, Compliance, Finance, Human Resources and Legal); and Corporate Audit.

The lines of business are the first line of defense and are responsible for identifying, quantifying, mitigating and managing all risks within their lines of business, while certain enterprise-wide risks are managed centrally. For example, except for trading-related business activities, interest rate risk associated with our business activities is managed in the Corporate Treasury and Corporate Investment functions. Line of business management makes and executes the business plan and is closest to the changing nature of risks and, therefore, we believe is best able to take actions to manage and mitigate those risks. Our lines of business prepare periodic self-assessment reports to identify the status of risk issues, including mitigation plans, if appropriate. These reports roll up to executive management to ensure appropriate risk management and oversight, and to identify enterprise-wide issues. Our management processes, structures and policies aid us in complying with laws and regulations and provide clear lines for decision-making and accountability. Wherever practical, we attempt to house decision-making authority as close to the transaction as possible while retaining supervisory control functions from both in and outside of the lines of business.

The key elements of the second line of defense are Risk Management, Compliance, Finance, Global Technology and Operations, Human Resources, and Legal functions. These groups are independent of the lines of businesses and are organized on both a line of business and enterprise-wide basis. For example, for Risk Management, a senior risk executive is assigned to each of the lines of business and is responsible for the oversight of all the risks associated with that line of business. Enterprise-level risk executives have responsibility to develop and implement polices and practices to assess and manage enterprise-wide credit, market and operational risks.

Corporate Audit, the third line of defense, provides an independent assessment of our management and internal control systems. Corporate Audit activities are designed to provide reasonable assurance that resources are adequately protected; significant financial, managerial and operating information is materially complete, accurate and reliable; and employees’ actions are in compliance with corporate policies, standards, procedures, and applicable laws and regulations.

We use various methods to manage risks at the line of business levels and corporate-wide. Examples of these methods include planning and forecasting, risk committees and forums, limits, models, and hedging strategies. Planning and forecasting facilitates analysis of actual versus planned results and provides an indication of unanticipated risk levels. Generally, risk committees and forums are composed of lines of business, risk management, treasury, compliance, legal and finance personnel, among others, who actively monitor performance against plan, limits, potential issues, and introduction of new products. Limits, the amount of exposure that may be taken in a product, relationship, region or industry, seek to align corporate-wide risk goals with those of each line of business and are part of our overall risk management process to help reduce the volatility of market, credit and operational losses. Models are used to estimate market value and Net Interest Income sensitivity, and to estimate expected and unexpected losses for each product and line of business, where appropriate. Hedging strategies are used to manage the risk of borrower or counterparty concentration risk and to manage market risk in the portfolio.

The formal processes used to manage risk represent only one portion of our overall risk management process. Corporate culture and the actions of our associates are also critical to effective risk management. Through our Code of Ethics, we set a high standard for our associates. The Code of Ethics provides a framework for all of our associates to conduct themselves with the highest integrity in the delivery of our products or services to our customers. We instill a risk-conscious culture through communications, training, policies, procedures, and organizational roles and responsibilities. Additionally, we continue to strengthen the linkage between the associate performance management process and individual compensation to encourage associates to work toward corporate-wide risk goals.

 

Oversight

The Board oversees the risk management of the Corporation through its committees, management committees and the Chief Executive Officer. The Board’s Audit Committee monitors (1) the effectiveness of our internal controls, (2) the

 

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integrity of our Consolidated Financial Statements and (3) compliance with legal and regulatory requirements. In addition, the Audit Committee oversees the internal audit function and the independent registered public accountant. The Board’s Asset Quality Committee oversees credit risks and related topics that may impact our assets and earnings. The Finance Committee, a management committee, oversees the development and performance of the policies and strategies for managing the strategic, credit, market, and operational risks to our earnings and capital. The Asset Liability Committee (ALCO), a subcommittee of the Finance Committee, oversees our policies and processes designed to assure sound market risk and balance sheet management. The Compliance and Operational Risk Committee, a subcommittee of the Finance Committee, oversees our policies and processes designed to assure sound operational and compliance risk management. The Credit Risk Committee (CRC), a subcommittee of the Finance Committee, oversees and approves our adherence to sound credit risk management policies and practices. Certain CRC approvals are subject to the oversight of the Board’s Asset Quality Committee. The Risk and Capital Committee, a management committee, reviews our corporate strategies and objectives, evaluates business performance, and reviews business plans including economic capital allocations to the Corporation and business lines. Management continues to direct corporate-wide efforts to address the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’s new risk-based capital standards (Basel II). The Audit Committee and Finance Committee oversee management’s plans to comply with Basel II. For additional information, see Basel II on page 51 and Note 15 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Strategic Risk Management

We use an integrated planning process to help manage strategic risk. A key component of the planning process aligns strategies, goals, tactics and resources throughout the enterprise. The process begins with the creation of a corporate-wide business plan which incorporates an assessment of the strategic risks. This business plan establishes the corporate strategic direction. The planning process then cascades through the business units, creating business unit plans that are aligned with the Corporation’s strategic direction. At each level, tactics and metrics are identified to measure success in achieving goals and assure adherence to the plans. As part of this process, the business units continuously evaluate the impact of changing market and business conditions, and the overall risk in meeting objectives. See the Operational Risk Management section on page 80 for a further description of this process. Corporate Audit in turn monitors, and independently reviews and evaluates, the plans and measurement processes.

One of the key tools we use to manage strategic risk is economic capital allocation. Through the economic capital allocation process, we effectively manage each business unit’s ability to take on risk. Review and approval of business plans incorporates approval of economic capital allocation, and economic capital usage is monitored through financial and risk reporting. Economic capital allocation plans for the business units are incorporated into the Corporation’s operating plan that is approved by the Board on an annual basis.

 

Liquidity Risk and Capital Management

 

Liquidity Risk

Liquidity is the ongoing ability to accommodate liability maturities and deposit withdrawals, fund asset growth and business operations, and meet contractual obligations through unconstrained access to funding at reasonable market rates. Liquidity management involves forecasting funding requirements and maintaining sufficient capacity to meet the needs and accommodate fluctuations in asset and liability levels due to changes in our business operations or unanticipated events. Sources of liquidity include deposits and other customer-based funding, and wholesale market-based funding.

We manage liquidity at two levels. The first is the liquidity of the parent company, which is the holding company that owns the banking and nonbanking subsidiaries. The second is the liquidity of the banking subsidiaries. The management of liquidity at both levels is essential because the parent company and banking subsidiaries each have different funding needs and sources, and each are subject to certain regulatory guidelines and requirements. Through ALCO, the Finance Committee is responsible for establishing our liquidity policy as well as approving operating and contingency procedures, and monitoring liquidity on an ongoing basis. Corporate Treasury is responsible for planning and executing our funding activities and strategy.

 

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In order to ensure adequate liquidity through the full range of potential operating environments and market conditions, we conduct our liquidity management and business activities in a manner that will preserve and enhance funding stability, flexibility, and diversity. Key components of this operating strategy include a strong focus on customer-based funding, maintaining direct relationships with wholesale market funding providers, and maintaining the ability to liquefy certain assets when, and if, requirements warrant.

We develop and maintain contingency funding plans for both the parent company and bank liquidity positions. These plans evaluate our liquidity position under various operating circumstances and allow us to ensure that we would be able to operate though a period of stress when access to normal sources of funding is constrained. The plans project funding requirements during a potential period of stress, specify and quantify sources of liquidity, outline actions and procedures for effectively managing through the problem period, and define roles and responsibilities. They are reviewed and approved annually by ALCO.

Our borrowing costs and ability to raise funds are directly impacted by our credit ratings. The credit ratings of Bank of America Corporation and Bank of America, N.A. are reflected in the table below.

Table 10

Credit Ratings

 

     

December 31, 2006

    

Bank of America Corporation

   Bank of America, N.A.
     

Senior

Debt

  

Subordinated

Debt

  

Commercial

Paper

  

Short-term

Borrowings

  

Long-term

Debt

Moody’s

   Aa2    Aa3    P-1    P-1    Aa1

Standard & Poor’s (1)

   AA-    A+    A-1+    A-1+    AA

Fitch, Inc. (2)

   AA-    A+    F1+    F1+    AA-

 

(1)

On February 14, 2007, Standard & Poor’s Rating Services raised their ratings on Bank of America Corporation’s Senior Debt to AA and Subordinated Debt to AA- while Bank of America, N. A.’s Long-term Debt rating was raised to AA+.

(2)

On February 15, 2007, Fitch, Inc. raised their ratings on Bank of America Corporation’s Senior Debt to AA and Subordinated Debt to AA- while Bank of America, N. A.’s Long-term Debt rating was raised to AA.

Under normal business conditions, primary sources of funding for the parent company include dividends received from its banking and nonbanking subsidiaries, and proceeds from the issuance of senior and subordinated debt, as well as commercial paper and equity. Primary uses of funds for the parent company include repayment of maturing debt and commercial paper, share repurchases, dividends paid to shareholders, and subsidiary funding through capital or debt.

The parent company maintains a cushion of excess liquidity that would be sufficient to fully fund holding company and nonbank affiliate operations for an extended period during which funding from normal sources is disrupted. The primary measure used to assess the parent company’s liquidity is the “Time to Required Funding” during such a period of liquidity disruption. This measure assumes that the parent company is unable to generate funds from debt or equity issuance, receives no dividend income from subsidiaries, and no longer pays dividends to shareholders while continuing to meet nondiscretionary uses needed to maintain bank operations and repayment of contractual principal and interest payments owed by the parent company and affiliated companies. Under this scenario, the amount of time the parent company and its nonbank subsidiaries can operate and meet all obligations before the current liquid assets are exhausted is considered the “Time to Required Funding.” ALCO approves the target range set for this metric, in months, and monitors adherence to the target. Maintaining excess parent company cash ensures that “Time to Required Funding” remains in the target range of 21 to 27 months and is the primary driver of the timing and amount of the Corporation’s debt issuances. As of December 31, 2006 “Time to Required Funding” was 24 months compared to 29 months at December 31, 2005. The reduction reflects the funding in 2005 in anticipation of the $5.2 billion cash payment related to the MBNA merger that was paid on January 1, 2006 combined with an increase in share repurchases.

The primary sources of funding for our banking subsidiaries include customer deposits and wholesale market–based funding. Primary uses of funds for the banking subsidiaries include growth in the core asset portfolios, including loan demand, and in the ALM portfolio. We use the ALM portfolio primarily to manage interest rate risk and liquidity risk.

 

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One ratio that can be used to monitor the stability of funding composition is the “loan to domestic deposit” ratio. This ratio reflects the percent of Loans and Leases that are funded by domestic core deposits, a relatively stable funding source. A ratio below 100 percent indicates that our loan portfolio is completely funded by domestic core deposits. The ratio was 118 percent at December 31, 2006 compared to 102 percent at December 31, 2005. The increase was primarily attributable to the addition of MBNA, organic growth in the loan and lease portfolio, and a decision to retain a larger share of mortgage production on the Corporation’s balance sheet.

The strength of our balance sheet is a result of rigorous financial and risk discipline. Our core deposit base, which is a low cost funding source, is often used to fund the purchase of incremental assets (primarily loans and securities), the composition of which impacts our loan to deposit ratio. Mortgage-backed securities and mortgage loans have prepayment risk which must be managed. Repricing of deposits is a key variable in this process. The capital generated in excess of capital adequacy targets and to support business growth, is available for the payment of dividends and share repurchases.

ALCO determines prudent parameters for wholesale market-based borrowing and regularly reviews the funding plan for the bank subsidiaries to ensure compliance with these parameters. The contingency funding plan for the banking subsidiaries evaluates liquidity over a 12-month period in a variety of business environment scenarios assuming different levels of earnings performance and credit ratings as well as public and investor relations factors. Funding exposure related to our role as liquidity provider to certain off-balance sheet financing entities is also measured under a stress scenario. In this analysis, ratings are downgraded such that the off-balance sheet financing entities are not able to issue commercial paper and backup facilities that we provide are drawn upon. In addition, potential draws on credit facilities to issuers with ratings below a certain level are analyzed to assess potential funding exposure.

We originate loans for retention on our balance sheet and for distribution. As part of our “originate to distribute” strategy, commercial loan originations are distributed through syndication structures, and residential mortgages originated by Mortgage and Home Equity are frequently distributed in the secondary market. In connection with our balance sheet management activities, we may retain mortgage loans originated as well as purchase and sell loans based on our assessment of market conditions.

 

Regulatory Capital

At December 31, 2006, the Corporation operated its banking activities primarily under two charters: Bank of America, N.A. and FIA Card Services, N.A. (the surviving entity of the MBNA America Bank N.A. and the Bank of America, N.A. (USA) merger) As a regulated financial services company, we are governed by certain regulatory capital requirements. At December 31, 2006, the Corporation, Bank of America, N.A. and FIA Card Services, N.A. were classified as “well-capitalized” for regulatory purposes, the highest classification. At December 31, 2005, the Corporation, Bank of America, N.A. and Bank of America. N.A. (USA) were also classified as “well-capitalized” for regulatory purposes. There have been no conditions or events since December 31, 2006 that management believes have changed the Corporation’s, Bank of America, N.A.’s and FIA Card Services, N.A.’s capital classifications.

Certain corporate sponsored trust companies which issue trust preferred securities (Trust Securities) are deconsolidated under FIN 46R. As a result, the Trust Securities are not included on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. On March 1, 2005, the FRB issued Risk-Based Capital Standards: Trust Preferred Securities and the Definition of Capital (the Final Rule) which allows Trust Securities to continue to qualify as Tier 1 Capital with revised quantitative limits that would be effective after a five-year transition period. As a result, we continue to include Trust Securities in Tier 1 Capital.

The Final Rule limits restricted core capital elements to 15 percent for internationally active bank holding companies. In addition, the FRB revised the qualitative standards for capital instruments included in regulatory capital. Internationally active bank holding companies are those with consolidated assets greater than $250 billion or on-balance sheet exposure greater than $10 billion. At December 31, 2006, our restricted core capital elements comprised 17.3 percent of total core capital elements. We expect to be fully compliant with the revised limits prior to the implementation date of March 31, 2009.

Table 11 reconciles the Corporation’s Total Shareholders’ Equity to Tier 1 and Total Capital as defined by the regulations issued by the FRB, the FDIC, and the OCC at December 31, 2006 and 2005.

 

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Table 11

 

Reconciliation of Tier 1 and Total Capital    December 31  
(Dollars in millions)    2006        2005  

Tier 1 Capital

       

Total Shareholders’ equity

   $ 135,272        $ 101,533  

Goodwill

     (65,662 )        (45,354 )

Nonqualifying intangible assets (1)

     (3,782 )        (2,642 )

Effect of net unrealized losses on AFS debt and marketable equity securities and net losses on derivatives recorded in Accumulated OCI, net of tax

     6,430          7,316  

Accounting change for implementation of FASB Statement No. 158

     1,428           

Trust securities (2)

     15,942          12,446  

Other

     1,436          1,076  

Tier 1 Capital

     91,064          74,375  

Long-term debt qualifying as Tier 2 Capital

     24,546          16,848  

Allowance for loan and lease losses

     9,016          8,045  

Reserve for unfunded lending commitments

     397          395  

Other

     203          238  

Total Capital

   $ 125,226        $ 99,901  

 

(1)