Edgar Filing: NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP INC

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Form 10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2016

Commission File Number 1-31565

NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

06-1377322

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

615 Merrick Avenue, Westbury, New York 11590

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) (516) 683-4100

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x

487,016,052

Number of shares of common stock outstanding at

May 4, 2016

NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.

FORM 10-Q

Quarter Ended March 31, 2016


INDEX		Page No.

Part I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Financial Statements

	Consolidated Statements of Condition as of March 31, 2016 (unaudited) and December 31, 2015		1

	Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 (unaudited)		2

	Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 (unaudited)		3

	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 (unaudited)		4

	Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements		5

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		40

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk		84

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures		84

Part II.	OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings		85

Item 1A.	Risk Factors		86

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds		86

Item 3.	Defaults upon Senior Securities		86

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures		86

Item 5.	Other Information		86

Item 6.	Exhibits		87

Signatures			88

Exhibits

NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONDITION

(in thousands, except share data)


	March 31, 2016			December 31, 2015
	(unaudited)
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	650,880		$	537,674
Securities:
Available-for-sale		152,249			204,255
Held-to-maturity ($1,889,548 and $2,152,939 pledged, respectively) (fair value of $4,304,161 and $6,108,529, respectively)		4,068,750			5,969,390

Total securities		4,220,999			6,173,645

Non-covered loans held for sale		471,276			367,221
Non-covered loans held for investment, net of deferred loan fees and costs		36,175,882			35,763,204
Less: Allowance for losses on non-covered loans		(150,778	)		(147,124	)

Non-covered loans held for investment, net		36,025,104			35,616,080
Covered loans		1,986,054			2,060,089
Less: Allowance for losses on covered loans		(28,498	)		(31,395	)

Covered loans, net		1,957,556			2,028,694

Total loans, net		38,453,936			38,011,995
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost		551,247			663,971
Premises and equipment, net		325,017			322,307
FDIC loss share receivable		296,953			314,915
Goodwill		2,436,131			2,436,131
Core deposit intangibles, net		1,753			2,599
Mortgage servicing rights		213,268			247,734
Bank-owned life insurance		933,498			931,627
Other real estate owned (includes $24,455 and $25,817, respectively, covered by loss sharing agreements)		39,869			39,882
Other assets		392,021			635,316

Total assets	$	48,515,572		$	50,317,796

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity:
Deposits:
NOW and money market accounts	$	13,337,556		$	13,069,019
Savings accounts		6,020,058			7,541,566
Certificates of deposit		6,788,712			5,312,487
Non-interest-bearing accounts		2,835,986			2,503,686

Total deposits		28,982,312			28,426,758
Borrowed funds:
Wholesale borrowings:
Federal Home Loan Bank advances		10,933,100			13,463,800
Repurchase agreements		1,500,000			1,500,000
Fed funds purchased		553,000			426,000

Total wholesale borrowings		12,986,100			15,389,800
Junior subordinated debentures		358,672			358,605

Total borrowed funds		13,344,772			15,748,405
Other liabilities		203,688			207,937

Total liabilities		42,530,772			44,383,100

Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock at par $0.01 (5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued)		—			—
Common stock at par $0.01 (600,000,000 shares authorized; 486,931,184 and 484,968,024 shares issued, and 486,929,814 and 484,943,308 shares outstanding, respectively)		4,869			4,850
Paid-in capital in excess of par		6,023,421			6,023,882
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)		11,135			(36,568	)
Treasury stock, at cost (1,370 and 24,716 shares, respectively)		(21	)		(447	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax:
Net unrealized gain on securities available for sale, net of tax of $2,899 and $2,153, respectively		4,093			3,031
Net unrealized loss on the non-credit portion of other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) losses on securities, net of tax of $3,388 and $3,400, respectively		(5,299	)		(5,318	)
Net unrealized loss on pension and post-retirement obligations, net of tax of $36,334 and $37,279, respectively		(53,398	)		(54,734	)

Total accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax		(54,604	)		(57,021	)

Total stockholders’ equity		5,984,800			5,934,696

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	48,515,572		$	50,317,796

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(in thousands, except per share data)

(unaudited)


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2016			2015
Interest Income:
Mortgage and other loans	$	360,723		$	364,504
Securities and money market investments		63,087			64,409

Total interest income		423,810			428,913


Interest Expense:
NOW and money market accounts		14,619			11,052
Savings accounts		10,208			12,333
Certificates of deposit		15,890			17,116
Borrowed funds		55,227			95,644

Total interest expense		95,944			136,145

Net interest income		327,866			292,768
Provision for (recovery of) losses on non-covered loans		2,721			(870	)
(Recovery of) provision for losses on covered loans		(2,897	)		877

Net interest income after provisions for (recoveries) loan losses		328,042			292,761


Non-Interest Income:
Mortgage banking income		4,138			18,406
Fee income		7,923			8,394
Bank-owned life insurance		9,336			6,704
Net gain on sales of securities		163			211
FDIC indemnification (expense) income		(2,318	)		702
Other income		15,995			17,817

Total non-interest income		35,237			52,234


Non-Interest Expense:
Operating expenses:
Compensation and benefits		89,304			87,209
Occupancy and equipment		25,815			25,299
General and administrative		41,270			42,744

Total operating expenses		156,389			155,252
Amortization of core deposit intangibles		846			1,584
Merger-related expenses		1,213			—

Total non-interest expense		158,448			156,836

Income before income taxes		204,831			188,159
Income tax expense		74,922			68,900

Net income	$	129,909		$	119,259

Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
Change in net unrealized gain on securities available for sale, net of tax of $746 and $1,161, respectively		1,062			1,715
Change in the non-credit portion of OTTI losses recognized in other comprehensive income, net of tax of $12 and $11, respectively		19			17
Change in pension and post-retirement obligations, net of tax of $945 and $844, respectively		1,336			1,248

Total other comprehensive income, net of tax		2,417			2,980

Total comprehensive income, net of tax	$	132,326		$	122,239


Basic earnings per share	$	0.27		$	0.27

Diluted earnings per share	$	0.27		$	0.27

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands, except share data)

(unaudited)


	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
Common Stock (Par Value: $0.01):
Balance at beginning of year	$	4,850
Shares issued for restricted stock awards (1,963,160 shares)		19

Balance at end of period		4,869


Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par:
Balance at beginning of year		6,023,882
Shares issued for restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures		(8,668	)
Compensation expense related to restricted stock awards		8,207

Balance at end of period		6,023,421


Retained Earnings:
Balance at beginning of year		(36,568	)
Net income		129,909
Dividends paid on common stock ($0.17 per share)		(82,618	)
Effect of adopting Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-09 ⁽¹⁾		412

Balance at end of period		11,135


Treasury Stock:
Balance at beginning of year		(447	)
Purchase of common stock (535,546 shares)		(8,222	)
Shares issued for restricted stock awards (558,892 shares)		8,648

Balance at end of period		(21	)


Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, net of tax:
Balance at beginning of year		(57,021	)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax		2,417

Balance at end of period		(54,604	)

Total stockholders’ equity	$	5,984,800

(1)	See Note 14, “Impact of Recent Accounting Pronouncements” for a discussion of the Company’s adoption of ASU No. 2016-09.

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

(unaudited)


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2016			2015
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net income	$	129,909		$	119,259
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
(Recovery of) provision for loan losses		(176	)		7
Depreciation and amortization		8,053			7,645
Amortization of discounts and premiums, net		(8,470	)		(1,670	)
Amortization of core deposit intangibles		846			1,584
Net gain on sales of securities		(163	)		(211	)
Gain on sales of loans		(19,386	)		(21,461	)
Stock plan-related compensation		8,207			7,165
Deferred tax expense		18,027			9,419
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Decrease in other assets		293,865			12,625
(Decrease) increase in other liabilities		(21,286	)		29,606
Origination of loans held for sale		(899,100	)		(1,492,222	)
Proceeds from sales of loans originated for sale		801,347			1,404,595

Net cash provided by operating activities		311,673			76,341

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Proceeds from repayment of securities held to maturity		1,923,149			139,544
Proceeds from repayment of securities available for sale		49,959			886
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale		104,663			135,211
Purchase of securities held to maturity		(10,086	)		—
Purchase of securities available for sale		(104,500	)		(135,000	)
Net redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock		112,724			50,385
Proceeds from sales of loans		585,616			559,261
Other changes in loans, net		(910,243	)		(321,684	)
Purchase of premises and equipment, net		(10,763	)		(10,682	)

Net cash provided by investing activities		1,740,519			417,921

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Net increase in deposits		555,554			602,653
Net decrease in short-term borrowed funds		(2,403,700	)		(1,161,000	)
Proceeds from long-term borrowed funds		—			200,000
Repayments of long-term borrowed funds		—			(1,085	)
Tax effect of stock plans ⁽¹⁾		—			996
Cash dividends paid on common stock		(82,618	)		(110,851	)
Payments relating to treasury shares received for restricted stock award tax payments ⁽¹⁾		(8,222	)		(6,567	)

Net cash used in financing activities		(1,938,986	)		(475,854	)

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents		113,206			18,408
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		537,674			564,150

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	650,880		$	582,558

Supplemental information:
Cash paid for interest	$	91,079		$	139,220
Cash paid for income taxes		2			10,698
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Transfers to other real estate owned from loans		9,456			17,098
Transfer of loans from held for investment to held for sale		579,841			553,315
Transfer of loans from held for sale to held for investment		—			153,578
Shares issued for restricted stock awards		8,668			7,694

(1)	See Note 14, “Impact of Recent Accounting Pronouncements” for a discussion of the Company’s adoption of ASU No. 2016-09.

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1. Organization and Basis of Presentation

Organization

Formerly known as Queens County Bancorp, Inc., New York Community Bancorp, Inc. (on a stand-alone basis, the “Parent Company” or, collectively with its subsidiaries, the “Company”) was organized under Delaware law on July 20, 1993 and is the holding company for New York Community Bank and New York Commercial Bank (hereinafter referred to as the “Community Bank” and the “Commercial Bank,” respectively, and collectively as the “Banks”). In addition, for the purpose of these Consolidated Financial Statements, the “Community Bank” and the “Commercial Bank” refer not only to the respective banks but also to their respective subsidiaries.

The Community Bank is the primary banking subsidiary of the Company. Founded on April 14, 1859 and formerly known as Queens County Savings Bank, the Community Bank converted from a state-chartered mutual savings bank to the capital stock form of ownership on November 23, 1993, at which date the Company issued its initial offering of common stock (par value: $0.01 per share) at a price of $25.00 per share ($0.93 per share on a split-adjusted basis, reflecting the impact of nine stock splits between 1994 and 2004). The Commercial Bank was established on December 30, 2005.

Reflecting its growth through acquisitions, the Community Bank currently operates 226 branches, two of which operate directly under the Community Bank name. The remaining 224 Community Bank branches operate through seven divisional banks: Queens County Savings Bank, Roslyn Savings Bank, Richmond County Savings Bank, and Roosevelt Savings Bank in New York; Garden State Community Bank in New Jersey; AmTrust Bank in Florida and Arizona; and Ohio Savings Bank in Ohio.

The Commercial Bank currently operates 30 branches in Manhattan, Queens, Brooklyn, Westchester County, and Long Island (all in New York), including 18 branches that operate under the name “Atlantic Bank.”

On September 17, 2015, the Company submitted an application to the FDIC and the New York State Department of Financial Services requesting approval to merge the Commercial Bank with and into the Community Bank. The merger of the Company’s two bank subsidiaries is not expected to impact either bank’s customers or employees.

On October 29, 2015, the Company announced the signing of a definitive merger agreement with Astoria Financial Corporation (“Astoria Financial”). The merger was approved by shareholders of both companies on April 26, 2016. Pending receipt of the necessary regulatory approvals and subject to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger, Astoria Financial will merge with and into the Company, and Astoria Bank will merge with and into the Community Bank.

Basis of Presentation

The following is a description of the significant accounting and reporting policies that the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries follow in preparing and presenting their consolidated financial statements, which conform to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and to general practices within the banking industry. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates that are particularly susceptible to change in the near term are used in connection with the determination of the allowances for loan losses; the valuation of mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”); the evaluation of goodwill for impairment; the evaluation of other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) on securities; and the evaluation of the need for a valuation allowance on the Company’s deferred tax assets.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and other entities in which the Company has a controlling financial interest. All inter-company accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation. The Company currently has certain unconsolidated subsidiaries in the form of wholly-owned statutory business trusts, which were formed to issue guaranteed capital debentures (“capital securities”). Please see Note 7, “Borrowed Funds,” for additional information regarding these trusts.

When necessary, certain reclassifications are made to prior-year amounts to conform to the current-year presentation. The presentation of long-term borrowings in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2015 is presented on a gross basis to conform to the presentation of long-term borrowings in the three months ended March 31, 2016.

Note 2. Computation of Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is computed using the same method as basic EPS, however, the computation reflects the potential dilution that would occur if outstanding in-the-money stock options were exercised and converted into common stock.

Unvested stock-based compensation awards containing non-forfeitable rights to dividends are considered participating securities, and therefore are included in the two-class method for calculating EPS. Under the two-class method, all earnings (distributed and undistributed) are allocated to common shares and participating securities based on their respective rights to receive dividends. The Company grants restricted stock to certain employees under its stock-based compensation plans. Recipients receive cash dividends during the vesting periods of these awards, including on the unvested portion of such awards. Since these dividends are non-forfeitable, the unvested awards are considered participating securities and therefore have earnings allocated to them.

The following table presents the Company’s computation of basic and diluted EPS for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)	2016			2015
Net income	$	129,909		$	119,259
Less: Dividends paid on and earnings allocated to participating securities		(979	)		(872	)

Earnings applicable to common stock	$	128,930		$	118,387


Weighted average common shares outstanding		484,605,397			441,990,338

Basic earnings per common share	$	0.27		$	0.27


Earnings applicable to common stock	$	128,930		$	118,387


Weighted average common shares outstanding		484,605,397			441,990,338
Potential dilutive common shares ⁽¹⁾		—			—

Total shares for diluted earnings per share computation		484,605,397			441,990,338

Diluted earnings per common share and common share equivalents	$	0.27		$	0.27

(1)

At March 31, 2016, there were no stock options outstanding. Options to purchase 32,400 shares of the Company’s common stock that were outstanding as of March 31, 2015 at weighted average exercise prices of $18.15 per share were excluded from the computation of diluted EPS because their inclusion would have had an antidilutive effect.

Note 3. Reclassifications Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss


(in thousands)	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss ⁽¹⁾			Affected Line Item in the Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive (Loss) Income

Amortization of defined benefit pension plan items:
Prior-service costs	$	62		Included in the computation of net periodic (credit) expense ⁽²⁾
Actuarial losses		(2,343	)	Included in the computation of net periodic (credit) expense ⁽²⁾

		(2,281	)	Total before tax
		945		Tax benefit

		(1,336	)	Amortization of defined benefit pension plan items, net of tax

Total reclassifications for the period	$	(1,336	)

(1)	Amounts in parentheses indicate expense items.

(2)	Please see Note 9, “Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits,” for additional information.

Note 4. Securities

The following tables summarize the Company’s portfolio of securities available for sale at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015:


	March 31, 2016
(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gain		Gross Unrealized Loss		Fair Value
Municipal bonds	$	727	$	73	$	—	$	800
Capital trust notes		9,448		—		2,607		6,841
Preferred stock		118,205		9,184		275		127,114
Mutual funds and common stock⁽¹⁾		16,876		618		—		17,494

Total securities available for sale	$	145,256	$	9,875	$	2,882	$	152,249

(1)	Primarily consists of mutual funds that are Community Reinvestment Act-qualified investments.


	December 31, 2015
(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gain		Gross Unrealized Loss		Fair Value
Mortgage-Related Securities:
GSE certificates ⁽¹⁾	$	53,820	$	33	$	1	$	53,852

Other Securities:
Municipal bonds	$	725	$	70	$	—	$	795
Capital trust notes		9,444		—		2,480		6,964
Preferred stock		118,205		7,415		248		125,372
Common stock		16,877		470		75		17,272

Total other securities	$	145,251	$	7,955	$	2,803	$	150,403

Total securities available for sale	$	199,071	$	7,988	$	2,804	$	204,255

(1)	Government-sponsored enterprise.

The following tables summarize the Company’s portfolio of securities held to maturity at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015:


	March 31, 2016
(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Carrying Amount		Gross Unrealized Gain		Gross Unrealized Loss		Fair Value
Mortgage-Related Securities:
GSE certificates	$	2,256,996	$	2,256,996	$	140,529	$	54	$	2,397,471
GSE CMOs ⁽¹⁾		1,229,105		1,229,105		76,401		—		1,305,506

Total mortgage-related securities	$	3,486,101	$	3,486,101	$	216,930	$	54	$	3,702,977

Other Securities:
GSE debentures	$	368,784	$	368,784	$	19,461	$	—	$	388,245
Municipal bonds		74,419		74,419		1,661		—		76,080
Corporate bonds		73,871		73,871		11,049		—		84,920
Capital trust notes		74,262		65,575		3,058		16,694		51,939

Total other securities	$	591,336	$	582,649	$	35,229	$	16,694	$	601,184

Total securities held to maturity ⁽²⁾	$	4,077,437	$	4,068,750	$	252,159	$	16,748	$	4,304,161

(1)	Collateralized mortgage obligations.

(2)	Held-to-maturity securities are reported at a carrying amount equal to amortized cost less the non-credit portion of OTTI recorded in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (“AOCL”). At March 31, 2016, the non-credit portion of OTTI recorded in AOCL was $8.7 million, pre-tax.


	December 31, 2015
(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Carrying Amount		Gross Unrealized Gain		Gross Unrealized Loss		Fair Value
Mortgage-Related Securities:
GSE certificates	$	2,269,828	$	2,269,828	$	76,827	$	4,722	$	2,341,933
GSE CMOs ⁽¹⁾		1,325,033		1,325,033		53,236		57		1,378,212

Total mortgage-related securities	$	3,594,861	$	3,594,861	$	130,063	$	4,779	$	3,720,145

Other Securities:
GSE debentures	$	2,159,856	$	2,159,856	$	23,892	$	7,568	$	2,176,180
Municipal bonds		75,317		75,317		262		1,084		74,495
Corporate bonds		73,756		73,756		10,503		—		84,259
Capital trust notes		74,317		65,600		3,750		15,900		53,450

Total other securities	$	2,383,246	$	2,374,529	$	38,407	$	24,552	$	2,388,384

Total securities held to maturity ⁽²⁾	$	5,978,107	$	5,969,390	$	168,470	$	29,331	$	6,108,529

(1)	Collateralized mortgage obligations.

(2)	Held-to-maturity securities are reported at a carrying amount equal to amortized cost less the non-credit portion of OTTI recorded in AOCL. At December 31, 2015, the non-credit portion of OTTI recorded in AOCL was $8.7 million, pre-tax.

At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, the Company had $551.2 million and $664.0 million of Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (“FHLB-NY”) stock, at cost. In order to have access to the funding provided by the FHLB-NY, the Company is required to maintain an investment in FHLB-NY stock.

The following table summarizes the gross proceeds and gross realized gains from the sale of available-for-sale securities during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015:


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2016		2015
Gross proceeds	$	104,663	$	135,211
Gross realized gains		163		211

There were no gross realized losses from the sale of available-for-sale securities during the three months ended March 31, 2016 or 2015.

In the following table, the beginning balance represents the credit loss component for debt securities on which OTTI occurred prior to January 1, 2016. For credit-impaired debt securities, OTTI recognized in earnings after that date is presented as an addition in two components, based upon whether the current period is the first time a debt security was credit-impaired (initial credit impairment) or is not the first time a debt security was credit-impaired (subsequent credit impairment).


(in thousands)	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
Beginning credit loss amount as of January 1, 2016	$	198,766
Add: Initial other-than-temporary credit losses		—
Subsequent other-than-temporary credit losses		—
Amount previously recognized in AOCL		—
Less: Realized losses for securities sold		—
Securities intended or required to be sold		—
Increase in expected cash flows on debt securities		—

Ending credit loss amount as of March 31, 2016	$	198,766

The following table summarizes the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of held-to-maturity mortgage-backed securities and debt securities, and the amortized costs and estimated fair values of available-for-sale securities, at March 31, 2016, by contractual maturity.


	At March 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands)	Mortgage- Related Securities		Average Yield			U.S. Treasury and GSE Obligations		Average Yield			State, County, and Municipal		Average Yield ⁽¹⁾			Other Debt Securities ⁽²⁾		Average Yield			Fair Value
Held-to-Maturity Securities:
Due within one year	$	—		—	%	$	—		—	%	$	327		2.96	%	$	—		—	%	$	328
Due from one to five years		358,897		3.74			59,792		4.17			—		—			—		—			452,138
Due from five to ten years		2,709,236		3.23			308,992		3.14			—		—			64,211		4.74			3,279,755
Due after ten years		417,968		2.93			—		—			74,092		2.89			75,235		5.14			571,940

Total securities held to maturity	$	3,486,101		3.25	%	$	368,784		3.31	%	$	74,419		2.89	%	$	139,446		4.96	%	$	4,304,161


Available-for-Sale Securities: ⁽³⁾
Due within one year	$	—		—	%	$	—		—	%	$	149		6.39	%	$	—		—	%	$	154
Due from one to five years		—		—			—		—			578		6.56			—		—			646
Due from five to ten years		—		—			—		—			—		—			—		—			—
Due after ten years		—		—			—		—			—		—			9,448		4.46			6,841

Total securities available for sale	$	—		—	%	$	—		—	%	$	727		6.52	%	$	9,448		4.46	%	$	7,641

(1)	Not presented on a tax-equivalent basis.

(2)	Includes corporate bonds and capital trust notes

(3)	As equity securities have no contractual maturity, they have been excluded from this table.

The following table presents held-to-maturity and available-for-sale securities having a continuous unrealized loss position for less than twelve months and for twelve months or longer as of March 31, 2016:


At March 31, 2016	Less than Twelve Months				Twelve Months or Longer				Total
(in thousands)	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
Temporarily Impaired Held-to-Maturity Securities:
GSE certificates	$	7,769	$	14	$	5,069	$	40	$	12,838	$	54
GSE CMOs		—		—		—		—		—		—
Municipal bonds		—		—		—		—		—		—
Capital trust notes		24,753		247		19,770		16,447		44,523		16,694

Total temporarily impaired held-to-maturity securities	$	32,522	$	261	$	24,839	$	16,487	$	57,361	$	16,748


Temporarily Impaired Available-for-Sale Securities:
Capital trust notes		1,980		20		4,861		2,587		6,841		2,607
Equity securities		15,017		275		—		—		15,017		275

Total temporarily impaired available-for-sale securities	$	16,997	$	295	$	4,861	$	2,587	$	21,858	$	2,882


At December 31, 2015	Less than Twelve Months				Twelve Months or Longer				Total
(in thousands)	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
Temporarily Impaired Held-to-Maturity Securities:
GSE debentures	$	547,484	$	728	$	1,176,949	$	6,840	$	1,724,433	$	7,568
GSE certificates		299,019		4,608		3,899		114		302,918		4,722
GSE CMOs		9,943		57		—		—		9,943		57
Municipal bonds		42,083		1,084		—		—		42,083		1,084
Capital trust notes		24,601		399		20,710		15,501		45,311		15,900

Total temporarily impaired held-to-maturity securities	$	923,130	$	6,876	$	1,201,558	$	22,455	$	2,124,688	$	29,331


Temporarily Impaired Available-for-Sale Securities:
GSE certificates	$	51,959	$	1	$	—	$	—	$	51,959	$	1
Capital trust notes		1,968		32		4,997		2,448		6,965		2,480
Equity securities		51,775		323		—		—		51,775		323

Total temporarily impaired available-for-sale securities	$	105,702	$	356	$	4,997	$	2,448	$	110,699	$	2,804

An OTTI loss on impaired securities must be fully recognized in earnings if an investor has the intent to sell the debt security, or if it is more likely than not that the investor will be required to sell the debt security before recovery of its amortized cost. However, even if an investor does not expect to sell a debt security, it must evaluate the expected cash flows to be received and determine if a credit loss has occurred. In the event that a credit loss occurs, only the amount of impairment associated with the credit loss is recognized in earnings. Amounts of impairment relating to factors other than credit losses are recorded in AOCL.

At March 31, 2016, the Company had unrealized losses on certain GSE mortgage-related securities, capital trust notes, and equity securities.

The unrealized losses on the Company’s GSE mortgage-related securities were primarily caused by movements in market interest rates and spread volatility, rather than credit risk. These securities are not expected to be settled at a price that is less than the amortized cost of the Company’s investment.

The Company reviews quarterly financial information related to its investments in capital trust notes, as well as other information that is released by each of the issuers of such notes, to determine their continued creditworthiness. The Company continues to monitor these investments and currently estimates that the present value of expected cash flows is not less than the amortized cost of the securities. It is possible that these securities will perform worse than is currently expected, which could lead to adverse changes in cash flows from these securities and potential OTTI losses in the future. Future events that could trigger material unrecoverable declines in the fair values of the Company’s investments, and thus result in potential OTTI losses, include, but are not limited to: government intervention; deteriorating asset quality and credit metrics; significantly higher levels of default and loan loss provisions; losses in value on the underlying collateral; deteriorating credit enhancement; net operating losses; and illiquidity in the financial markets.

The Company considers a decline in the fair value of equity securities to be other than temporary if the Company does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security. The unrealized losses on the Company’s equity securities at March 31, 2016 were primarily caused by market volatility. The Company evaluated the near-term prospects of recovering the fair value of these securities, together with the severity and duration of impairment to date, and determined that they were not other than temporarily impaired. Nonetheless, it is possible that these equity securities will perform worse than is currently expected, which could lead to adverse changes in their fair value, or the failure of the securities to fully recover in value as currently forecasted by management. Either event could cause the Company to record an OTTI loss in a future period. Events that could trigger a material decline in the fair value of these securities include, but are not limited to, deterioration in the equity markets; a decline in the quality of the loan portfolio of the issuer in which the Company has invested; and the recording of higher loan loss provisions and net operating losses by such issuer.

The investment securities designated as having a continuous loss position for twelve months or more at March 31, 2016 consisted of five capital trust notes and three agency mortgage-backed securities. At December 31, 2015, the investment securities designated as having a continuous loss position for twelve months or more consisted of seven agency debt securities, five capital trust notes, and two agency mortgage-backed securities. At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the combined market value of the respective securities represented unrealized losses of $19.1 million and $24.9 million. At March 31, 2016, the fair value of securities having a continuous loss position for twelve months or more was 39.1% below the collective amortized cost of $48.8 million. At December 31, 2015, the fair value of such securities was 2.0% below the collective amortized cost of $1.2 billion.

Note 5: Loans

The following table sets forth the composition of the loan portfolio at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015:


	March 31, 2016						December 31, 2015
(dollars in thousands)	Amount			Percent of Non-Covered Loans Held for Investment			Amount			Percent of Non-Covered Loans Held for Investment
Non-Covered Loans Held for Investment:
Mortgage Loans:
Multi-family	$	26,406,585			73.04	%	$	25,971,629			72.67	%
Commercial real estate		7,676,793			21.23			7,857,204			21.98
Acquisition, development, and construction		344,645			0.95			311,676			0.87
One-to-four family		186,033			0.52			116,841			0.33

Total mortgage loans held for investment	$	34,614,056			95.74		$	34,257,350			95.85

Other Loans:
Commercial and industrial ⁽¹⁾		1,140,835			3.16			1,085,529			3.04
Lease financing, net of unearned income of $43,964 and $43,553, respectively		369,674			1.02			365,027			1.02

Total commercial and industrial loans		1,510,509			4.18			1,450,556			4.06
Purchased credit-impaired loans		6,474			0.02			8,344			0.02
Other		22,629			0.06			24,239			0.07

Total other loans held for investment		1,539,612			4.26			1,483,139			4.15

Total non-covered loans held for investment	$	36,153,668			100.00	%	$	35,740,489			100.00	%

Net deferred loan origination costs		22,214						22,715
Allowance for losses on non-covered loans		(150,778	)					(147,124	)

Non-covered loans held for investment, net	$	36,025,104					$	35,616,080

Covered loans		1,986,054						2,060,089
Allowance for losses on covered loans		(28,498	)					(31,395	)

Covered loans, net	$	1,957,556					$	2,028,694
Loans held for sale		471,276						367,221

Total loans, net	$	38,453,936					$	38,011,995

(1)	Includes specialty finance loans of $895.9 million and $880.7 million and other C&I loans of $614.7 million and $569.9 million, respectively, at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

Non-Covered Loans

Non-Covered Loans Held for Investment

The majority of the loans the Company originates for investment are multi-family loans, most of which are collateralized by non-luxury apartment buildings in New York City that are rent-regulated and feature below-market rents. In addition, the Company originates commercial real estate (“CRE”) loans, most of which are collateralized by income-producing properties such as office buildings, retail centers, mixed-use buildings, and multi-tenanted light industrial properties that are located in New York City and on Long Island.

The Company also originates acquisition, development, and construction (“ADC”) loans, and commercial and industrial (“C&I”) loans, for investment. ADC loans are primarily originated for multi-family and residential tract projects in New York City and on Long Island. C&I loans consist of asset-based loans, equipment loans and leases, and dealer floor-plan loans (together, “specialty finance loans and leases”) that generally are made to large corporate obligors, many of which are publicly traded, carry investment grade or near-investment grade ratings, and participate in stable industries nationwide; and “other” C&I loans that primarily are made to small and mid-size businesses in Metro New York. “Other” C&I loans are typically made for working capital, business expansion, and the purchase of machinery and equipment.

The repayment of multi-family and CRE loans generally depends on the income produced by the underlying properties which, in turn, depends on their successful operation and management. To mitigate the potential for credit losses, the Company underwrites its loans in accordance with credit standards it considers to be prudent, looking first at the consistency of the cash flows being produced by the underlying property. In addition, multi-family buildings and CRE properties are inspected as a prerequisite to approval, and independent appraisers, whose appraisals are carefully reviewed by the Company’s in-house appraisers, perform appraisals on the collateral properties. In many cases, a second independent appraisal review is performed. To further manage its credit risk, the Company’s lending policies limit the amount of credit granted to any one borrower and

typically require conservative debt service coverage ratios and loan-to-value ratios. Nonetheless, the ability of the Company’s borrowers to repay these loans may be impacted by adverse conditions in the local real estate market and the local economy. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that its underwriting policies will protect the Company from credit-related losses or delinquencies.

ADC loans typically involve a higher degree of credit risk than loans secured by improved or owner-occupied real estate. Accordingly, borrowers are required to provide a guarantee of repayment and completion, and loan proceeds are disbursed as construction progresses, as certified by in-house or third-party engineers. The Company seeks to minimize the credit risk on ADC loans by maintaining conservative lending policies and rigorous underwriting standards. However, if the estimate of value proves to be inaccurate, the cost of completion is greater than expected, or the length of time to complete and/or sell or lease the collateral property is greater than anticipated, the property could have a value upon completion that is insufficient to assure full repayment of the loan. This could have a material adverse effect on the quality of the ADC loan portfolio, and could result in losses or delinquencies.

To minimize the risk involved in specialty finance lending and leasing, the Company participates in syndicated loans that are brought to it, and equipment loans and leases that are assigned to it, by a select group of nationally recognized sources who have had long-term relationships with its experienced lending officers. Each of these credits is secured with a perfected first security interest or outright ownership in the underlying collateral, and structured as senior debt or as a non-cancelable lease. To further minimize the risk involved in specialty finance lending and leasing, each transaction is re-underwritten. In addition, outside counsel is retained to conduct a further review of the underlying documentation.

To minimize the risks involved in other C&I lending, the Company underwrites such loans on the basis of the cash flows produced by the business; requires that such loans be collateralized by various business assets, including inventory, equipment, and accounts receivable, among others; and requires personal guarantees. However, the capacity of a borrower to repay such a C&I loan is substantially dependent on the degree to which the business is successful. In addition, the collateral underlying such loans may depreciate over time, may not be conducive to appraisal, or may fluctuate in value, based upon the results of operations of the business.

Included in non-covered loans held for investment at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were loans to executive officers, directors, and their related interests and parties of $92.4 million and $105.6 million, respectively. There were no loans to principal shareholders at either of those dates.

Non-covered purchased credit-impaired (“PCI”) loans, which had a carrying value of $6.5 million and an unpaid principal balance of $8.1 million at March 31, 2016, are loans that had been covered under an FDIC loss sharing agreement that expired in March 2015 and that now are included in non-covered loans. Such loans continue to be accounted for under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 310-30 and are initially measured at fair value, which includes estimated future credit losses expected to be incurred over the lives of the loans. Under ASC 310-30, purchasers are permitted to aggregate acquired loans into one or more pools, provided that the loans have common risk characteristics. A pool is then accounted for as a single asset with a single composite interest rate and an aggregate expectation of cash flows.

Loans Held for Sale

The Community Bank’s mortgage banking division originates, aggregates, and services one-to-four family loans. Community banks, credit unions, mortgage companies, and mortgage brokers use its proprietary web-accessible mortgage banking platform to originate and close one-to-four family loans throughout the U.S. These loans are generally sold to GSEs, servicing retained. To a much lesser extent, the Community Bank uses its mortgage banking platform to originate jumbo loans which it typically sells to other financial institutions. Such loans have not represented, nor are they expected to represent, a material portion of the held-for-sale loans originated by the Community Bank. In addition, the Community Bank services mortgage loans for various third parties, primarily including GSEs.

Asset Quality

The following table presents information regarding the quality of the Company’s non-covered loans held for investment (excluding non-covered PCI loans) at March 31, 2016:


(in thousands)	Loans 30-89 Days Past Due		Non- Accrual Loans ⁽¹⁾		Loans 90 Days or More Delinquent and Still Accruing Interest		Total Past Due Loans		Current Loans		Total Loans Receivable
Multi-family	$	760	$	15,900	$	—	$	16,660	$	26,389,925	$	26,406,585
Commercial real estate		—		11,863		—		11,863		7,664,930		7,676,793
One-to-four family		380		11,172		—		11,552		174,481		186,033
Acquisition, development, and construction		—		—		—		—		344,645		344,645
Commercial and industrial ⁽²⁾		1,880		8,940		—		10,820		1,499,689		1,510,509
Other		165		1,358		—		1,523		21,106		22,629

Total	$	3,185	$	49,233	$	—	$	52,418	$	36,094,776	$	36,147,194

(1)	Excludes $954,000 of non-covered PCI loans that were 90 days or more past due.

(2)	Includes lease financing receivables, all of which were current.

The following table presents information regarding the quality of the Company’s non-covered loans held for investment at December 31, 2015:


(in thousands)	Loans 30-89 Days Past Due		Non- Accrual Loans ⁽¹⁾		Loans 90 Days or More Delinquent and Still Accruing Interest		Total Past Due Loans		Current Loans		Total Loans Receivable
Multi-family	$	4,818	$	13,904	$	—	$	18,722	$	25,952,907	$	25,971,629
Commercial real estate		178		14,920		—		15,098		7,842,106		7,857,204
One-to-four family		1,117		12,259		—		13,376		103,465		116,841
Acquisition, development, and construction		—		27		—		27		311,649		311,676
Commercial and industrial ⁽²⁾		—		4,473		—		4,473		1,446,083		1,450,556
Other		492		1,242		—		1,734		22,505		24,239

Total	$	6,605	$	46,825	$	—	$	53,430	$	35,678,715	$	35,732,145

(1)	Excludes $969,000 of non-covered PCI loans that were 90 days or more past due.

(2)	Includes lease financing receivables, all of which were current.

The following table summarizes the Company’s portfolio of non-covered loans held for investment (excluding non-covered PCI loans) by credit quality indicator at March 31, 2016:


(in thousands)	Multi- Family		Commercial Real Estate		One-to- Four Family		Acquisition, Development, and Construction		Total Mortgage Loans		Commercial and Industrial⁽¹⁾		Other		Total Other Loan Segment
Credit Quality Indicator:
Pass	$	26,371,966	$	7,635,582	$	174,862	$	343,835	$	34,526,245	$	1,483,734	$	21,271	$	1,505,005
Special mention		5,992		30,058		—		810		36,860		1,632		—		1,632
Substandard		28,627		11,153		11,171		—		50,951		25,143		1,358		26,501
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Total	$	26,406,585	$	7,676,793	$	186,033	$	344,645	$	34,614,056	$	1,510,509	$	22,629	$	1,533,138

(1)	Includes lease financing receivables, all of which were classified as “pass.”

The following table summarizes the Company’s portfolio of non-covered loans held for investment by credit quality indicator at December 31, 2015:


(in thousands)	Multi- Family		Commercial Real Estate		One-to- Four Family		Acquisition, Development, and Construction		Total Mortgage Loans		Commercial and Industrial⁽¹⁾		Other		Total Other Loan Segment
Credit Quality Indicator:
Pass	$	25,936,423	$	7,839,127	$	104,582	$	309,039	$	34,189,171	$	1,433,778	$	22,996	$	1,456,774
Special mention		6,305		3,883		—		—		10,188		11,771		—		11,771
Substandard		28,901		14,194		12,259		2,637		57,991		5,007		1,243		6,250
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Total	$	25,971,629	$	7,857,204	$	116,841	$	311,676	$	34,257,350	$	1,450,556	$	24,239	$	1,474,795

(1)	Includes lease financing receivables, all of which were classified as “pass.”

The preceding classifications are the most current ones available and generally have been updated within the last twelve months. In addition, they follow regulatory guidelines and can generally be described as follows: pass loans are of satisfactory quality; special mention loans have a potential weakness or risk that may result in the deterioration of future repayment; substandard loans are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged (these loans have a well-defined weakness and there is a distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss); and doubtful loans, based on existing circumstances, have weaknesses that make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable. In addition, one-to-four family loans are classified based on the duration of the delinquency.

Troubled Debt Restructurings

The Company is required to account for certain held-for-investment loan modifications and restructurings as troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”). In general, a modification or restructuring of a loan constitutes a TDR if the Company grants a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty. A loan modified as a TDR generally is placed on non-accrual status until the Company determines that future collection of principal and interest is reasonably assured, which requires, among other things, that the borrower demonstrate performance according to the restructured terms for a period of at least six consecutive months.

In an effort to proactively manage delinquent loans, the Company has selectively extended to certain borrowers concessions such as rate reductions, extension of maturity dates, and forbearance agreements. As of March 31, 2016, loans on which concessions were made with respect to rate reductions and/or extension of maturity dates amounted to $17.0 million; loans on which forbearance agreements were reached amounted to $2.9 million.

The following table presents information regarding the Company’s TDRs as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015:


	March 31, 2016						December 31, 2015
(in thousands)	Accruing		Non-Accrual		Total		Accruing		Non-Accrual		Total
Loan Category:
Multi-family	$	2,008	$	10,986	$	12,994	$	2,017	$	635	$	2,652
Commercial real estate		—		2,558		2,558		115		6,255		6,370
One-to-four family		—		1,512		1,512		—		987		987
Acquisition, development, and construction		—		—		—		—		27		27
Commercial and industrial		624		1,959		2,583		627		1,279		1,906
Other		—		211		211		—		213		213

Total	$	2,632	$	17,226	$	19,858	$	2,759	$	9,396	$	12,155

The eligibility of a borrower for work-out concessions of any nature depends upon the facts and circumstances of each transaction, which may change from period to period, and involves judgment by Company personnel regarding the likelihood that the concession will result in the maximum recovery for the Company.

The financial effects of the Company’s TDRs for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 are summarized as follows:


	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
	Weighted Average Interest Rate
(dollars in thousands)	Number of Loans		Pre- Modification			Post- Modification			Charge- off Amount		Capitalized Interest
Loan Category:
Multi-family		1		4.63	%		4.00	%	$	—	$	—
One-to-four family		2		3.52			3.29			—		4
Commercial and industrial		1		3.30			3.10			47		—

Total		4							$	47	$	4

There were no financial effects of the Company’s TDRs in the three months ended March 31, 2015, as there were no new TDRs arranged during the quarter.

The Company does not consider a payment to be in default when the loan is in forbearance, or otherwise granted a delay of payment, when the agreement to forebear or allow a delay of payment is part of a modification. Subsequent to the modification, the loan is not considered to be in default until payment is contractually past due in accordance with the modified terms. However, the Company does consider a loan with multiple modifications or forbearance periods to be in default, and would also consider a loan to be in default if it were in bankruptcy or were partially charged off subsequent to modification.

Covered Loans

The following table presents the carrying value of covered loans acquired in the AmTrust and Desert Hills acquisitions as of March 31, 2016:


(dollars in thousands)	Amount		Percent of Covered Loans
Loan Category:
One-to-four family	$	1,853,643		93.3	%
Other loans		132,411		6.7

Total covered loans	$	1,986,054		100.0	%

The Company refers to certain loans acquired in the AmTrust and Desert Hills transactions as “covered loans” because the Company is being reimbursed for a substantial portion of losses on these loans under the terms of the FDIC loss sharing agreements. Covered loans are accounted for under ASC 310-30 and are initially measured at fair value, which includes estimated future credit losses expected to be incurred over the lives of the loans. Under ASC 310-30, purchasers are permitted to aggregate acquired loans into one or more pools, provided that the loans have common risk characteristics. A pool is then accounted for as a single asset with a single composite interest rate and an aggregate expectation of cash flows.

At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the unpaid principal balance of covered loans was $2.4 billion and $2.5 billion, respectively. The carrying value of such loans was $2.0 billion and $2.1 billion, respectively, at the corresponding dates.

At the respective acquisition dates, the Company estimated the fair values of the AmTrust and Desert Hills loan portfolios, which represented the expected cash flows from the portfolios, discounted at market-based rates. In estimating such fair values, the Company: (a) calculated the contractual amount and timing of undiscounted principal and interest payments (the “undiscounted contractual cash flows”); and (b) estimated the expected amount and timing of undiscounted principal and interest payments (the “undiscounted expected cash flows”). The amount by which the undiscounted expected cash flows exceed the estimated fair value (the “accretable yield”) is accreted into interest income over the lives of the loans. The amount by which the undiscounted contractual cash flows exceed the undiscounted expected cash flows is referred to as the “non-accretable difference.” The non-accretable difference represents an estimate of the credit risk in the loan portfolios at the respective acquisition dates.

The accretable yield is affected by changes in interest rate indices for variable rate loans, changes in prepayment assumptions, and changes in expected principal and interest payments over the estimated lives of the loans. Changes in interest rate indices for variable rate loans increase or decrease the amount of interest income expected to be collected, depending on the direction of interest rates. Prepayments affect the estimated lives of covered loans and could change the amount of interest income and principal expected to be collected. Changes in expected principal and interest payments over the estimated lives of covered loans are driven by the credit outlook and by actions that may be taken with borrowers.

On a quarterly basis, the Company evaluates the estimates of the cash flows it expects to collect. Expected future cash flows from interest payments are based on variable rates at the time of the quarterly evaluation. Estimates of expected cash flows that are impacted by changes in interest rate indices for variable rate loans and prepayment assumptions are treated as prospective yield adjustments and included in interest income.

In the three months ended March 31, 2016, changes in the accretable yield for covered loans were as follows:


(in thousands)	Accretable Yield
Balance at beginning of period	$	803,145
Reclassification from non-accretable difference		25,261
Accretion		(33,320	)

Balance at end of period	$	795,086

In the preceding table, the line item “Reclassification from non-accretable difference” includes changes in cash flows that the Company does not expect to collect due to changes in prepayment assumptions, changes in interest rates on variable rate loans, and changes in loss assumptions. As of the Company’s most recent quarterly evaluation, prepayment assumptions decreased, which resulted in an increase in future expected interest cash flows and, consequently, an increase in the accretable yield. The effect of this increase was augmented by a slight improvement in the underlying credit assumptions coupled with coupon rates on variable rate loans resetting slightly higher, which also resulted in an increase in future expected interest cash flows and, consequently, an increase in the accretable yield.

Reflecting the foreclosure of certain loans acquired in the AmTrust and Desert Hills acquisitions, the Company owns certain other real estate owned (“OREO”) that is covered under the Company’s loss sharing agreements with the FDIC (“covered OREO”). Covered OREO was initially recorded at its estimated fair value on the respective dates of acquisition, based on independent appraisals, less the estimated selling costs. Any subsequent write-downs due to declines in fair value have been charged to non-interest expense, and have been partially offset by loss reimbursements under the FDIC loss sharing agreements. Any recoveries of previous write-downs have been credited to non-interest expense and partially offset by the portion of the recovery that was due to the FDIC.

The FDIC loss share receivable represents the present value of the estimated losses to be reimbursed by the FDIC. The estimated losses were based on the same cash flow estimates used in determining the fair value of the covered loans. The FDIC loss share receivable is reduced as losses on covered loans are recognized and as loss sharing payments are received from the FDIC. Realized losses in excess of acquisition-date estimates result in an increase in the FDIC loss share receivable. Conversely, if realized losses are lower than the acquisition-date estimates, the FDIC loss share receivable is reduced by amortization to interest income.

The following table presents information regarding the Company’s covered loans that were 90 days or more past due at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015:


(in thousands)	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
Covered Loans 90 Days or More Past Due:
One-to-four family	$	131,876	$	130,626
Other loans		6,859		6,556

Total covered loans 90 days or more past due	$	138,735	$	137,182

The following table presents information regarding the Company’s covered loans that were 30 to 89 days past due at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015:


(in thousands)	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
Covered Loans 30-89 Days Past Due:
One-to-four family	$	26,849	$	30,455
Other loans		1,158		2,369

Total covered loans 30-89 days past due	$	28,007	$	32,824

At March 31, 2016, the Company had $28.0 million of covered loans that were 30 to 89 days past due, and covered loans of $138.7 million that were 90 days or more past due but considered to be performing due to the application of the yield accretion method under ASC 310-30. The remaining portion of the Company’s covered loan portfolio totaled $1.8 billion at March 31, 2016 and was considered current at that date.

Loans that may have been classified as non-performing loans by AmTrust or Desert Hills were no longer classified as non-performing by the Company because, at the respective dates of acquisition, the Company believed that it would fully collect the new carrying value of these loans. The new carrying value represents the contractual balance, reduced by the portion that is expected to be uncollectible (i.e., the non-accretable difference) and by an accretable yield (discount) that is recognized as interest income. It is important to note that management’s judgment is required in reclassifying loans subject to ASC 310-30 as performing loans, and such judgment is dependent on having a reasonable expectation about the timing and amount of the cash flows to be collected, even if the loan is contractually past due.

The primary credit quality indicator for covered loans is the expectation of underlying cash flows. In the three months ended March 31, 2016, the Company recorded recoveries of losses on covered loans of $2.9 million. The recoveries were largely due to an increase in expected cash flows in the acquired portfolios of one-to-four family and home equity loans, and were partly offset by FDIC indemnification expense of $2.3 million that was recorded in “Non-interest income”.

The Company recorded a provision for losses on covered loans of $877,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2015. The provision was largely due to credit deterioration in the acquired portfolios of one-to-four family and home equity loans, and was partly offset by FDIC indemnification income of $702,000 that was recorded in “Non-interest income” in the corresponding period.

Note 6. Allowances for Loan Losses

The following tables provide additional information regarding the Company’s allowances for losses on non-covered and covered loans, based upon the method of evaluating loan impairment:


(in thousands)	Mortgage		Other		Total
Allowances for Loan Losses at March 31, 2016:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	—	$	—	$	—
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		124,639		24,422		149,061
Acquired loans with deteriorated credit quality		13,425		16,790		30,215

Total	$	138,064	$	41,212	$	179,276


(in thousands)	Mortgage		Other		Total
Allowances for Loan Losses at December 31, 2015:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	—	$	—	$	—
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		122,712		22,484		145,196
Acquired loans with deteriorated credit quality		14,583		18,740		33,323

Total	$	137,295	$	41,224	$	178,519

The following tables provide additional information regarding the methods used to evaluate the Company’s loan portfolio for impairment:


(in thousands)	Mortgage		Other		Total
Loans Receivable at March 31, 2016:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	27,063	$	9,071	$	36,134
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		34,586,993		1,524,067		36,111,060
Acquired loans with deteriorated credit quality		1,859,486		133,042		1,992,528

Total	$	36,473,542	$	1,666,180	$	38,139,722


(in thousands)	Mortgage		Other		Total
Loans Receivable at December 31, 2015:
Loans individually evaluated for impairment	$	47,480	$	4,474	$	51,954
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment		34,209,870		1,470,321		35,680,191
Acquired loans with deteriorated credit quality		1,924,255		144,178		2,068,433

Total	$	36,181,605	$	1,618,973	$	37,800,578

Allowance for Losses on Non-Covered Loans

The following table summarizes activity in the allowance for losses on non-covered loans for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015:


	March 31,
	2016									2015
(in thousands)	Mortgage			Other			Total			Mortgage			Other			Total
Balance, beginning of period	$	124,478		$	22,646		$	147,124		$	122,616		$	17,241		$	139,857
Charge-offs		(46	)		(148	)		(194	)		(485	)		(313	)		(798	)
Recoveries		879			248			1,127			1,400			163			1,563
Transfer from the allowance for losses on covered loans ⁽¹⁾		—			—			—			2,250			166			2,416
Provision for (recovery of) non-covered loan losses		874			1,847			2,721			(6,603	)		5,733			(870	)

Balance, end of period	$	126,185		$	24,593		$	150,778		$	119,178		$	22,990		$	142,168

(1)	Represents the allowance associated with $14.2 million of loans acquired in the Desert Hills transaction that were transferred from covered loans to non-covered loans upon expiration of the related FDIC loss sharing agreement.

Please see “Critical Accounting Policies” for additional information regarding the Company’s allowance for losses on non-covered loans.

The following tables present additional information about the Company’s impaired non-covered loans at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015:


(in thousands)	Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance		Related Allowance		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
Impaired loans with no related allowance:
Multi-family	$	13,002	$	15,054	$	—	$	20,233	$	208
Commercial real estate		11,203		16,899		—		12,599		54
One-to-four family		2,859		3,373		—		3,122		23
Acquisition, development, and construction		—		—		—		1,318		—
Other		9,070		9,475		—		6,772		50

Total impaired loans	$	36,134	$	44,801	$	—	$	44,044	$	335


(in thousands)	Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance		Related Allowance		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
Impaired loans with no related allowance:
Multi-family	$	27,464	$	29,379	$	—	$	30,965	$	1,320
Commercial real estate		13,995		15,480		—		25,066		383
One-to-four family		3,384		8,929		—		2,302		75
Acquisition, development, and construction		2,637		3,035		—		1,086		148
Other		4,474		4,794		—		8,386		118

Total impaired loans	$	51,954	$	61,617	$	—	$	67,805	$	2,044

As indicated in the preceding tables, the Company had no impaired non-covered loans with an allowance recorded at March 31, 2016 or December 31, 2015.

Allowance for Losses on Covered Loans

Covered loans are reported exclusive of the FDIC loss share receivable. The covered loans acquired in the AmTrust and Desert Hills acquisitions are, and will continue to be, reviewed for collectability based on the expectations of cash flows from these loans. Covered loans have been aggregated into pools of loans with common characteristics. In determining the allowance for losses on covered loans, the Company periodically performs an analysis to estimate the expected cash flows for each of the pools of loans. The Company records a provision for (recovery of) losses on covered loans to the extent that the expected cash flows from a loan pool have decreased or increased since the acquisition date.

Accordingly, if there is a decrease in expected cash flows due to an increase in estimated credit losses (as compared to the estimates made at the respective acquisition dates), the decrease in the present value of expected cash flows is recorded as a provision for covered loan losses charged to earnings, and an allowance for covered loan losses is established. A related credit to non-interest income and an increase in the FDIC loss share receivable is recognized at the same time, and measured based on the applicable loss sharing agreement percentage.

If there is an increase in expected cash flows due to a decrease in estimated credit losses (as compared to the estimates made at the respective acquisition dates), the increase in the present value of expected cash flows is recorded as a recovery of the prior-period impairment charged to earnings, and the allowance for covered loan losses is reduced. A related debit to non-interest income and a decrease in the FDIC loss share receivable is recognized at the same time, and measured based on the applicable loss sharing agreement percentage.

The following table summarizes activity in the allowance for losses on covered loans for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015:


	March 31,
(in thousands)	2016			2015
Balance, beginning of period	$	31,395		$	45,481
(Recovery of) provision for losses on covered loans		(2,897	)		877
Transfer to the allowance for losses on non-covered loans ⁽¹⁾		—			(2,416	)

Balance, end of period	$	28,498		$	43,942

(1)

Represents the allowance associated with $14.2 million of loans acquired in the Desert Hills transaction that were transferred from covered loans to non-covered loans upon expiration of the related FDIC loss sharing agreement.

Note 7. Borrowed Funds

The following table summarizes the Company’s borrowed funds at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015:


(in thousands)	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
Wholesale borrowings:
FHLB advances	$	10,933,100	$	13,463,800
Repurchase agreements		1,500,000		1,500,000
Fed funds purchased		553,000		426,000

Total wholesale borrowings	$	12,986,100	$	15,389,800
Junior subordinated debentures		358,672		358,605

Total borrowed funds	$	13,344,772	$	15,748,405

The following table summarizes the Company’s repurchase agreements accounted for as secured borrowings at March 31, 2016:


	Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements
(in thousands)	Overnight and Continuous		Up to 30 Days		30–90 Days		Greater than 90 Days
GSE debentures and mortgage-related securities	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,500,000

At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had $358.7 million and $358.6 million, respectively, of outstanding junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures (“junior subordinated debentures”) held by statutory business trusts (the “Trusts”) that issued guaranteed capital securities.

The Trusts are accounted for as unconsolidated subsidiaries in accordance with GAAP. The proceeds of each issuance were invested in a series of junior subordinated debentures of the Company and the underlying assets of each statutory business trust are the relevant debentures. The Company has fully and unconditionally guaranteed the obligations under each trust’s capital securities to the extent set forth in a guarantee by the Company to each trust. The Trusts’ capital securities are each subject to mandatory redemption, in whole or in part, upon repayment of the debentures at their stated maturity or earlier redemption.

The following junior subordinated debentures were outstanding at March 31, 2016:

Issuer

Interest
Rate
of Capital
Securities
and
Debentures

Junior
Subordinated
Debentures
Amount
Outstanding

Capital
Securities
Amount
Outstanding

Date of
Original Issue

Stated
Maturity

First Optional
Redemption
Date

(dollars in thousands)

New York Community Capital Trust V (BONUSES^SMUnits)

6.000

144,746

138,395

Nov. 4, 2002

Nov. 1, 2051

Nov. 4, 2007

⁽¹⁾

New York Community Capital Trust X

2.234

123,712

120,000

Dec. 14, 2006

Dec. 15, 2036

Dec. 15, 2011

⁽²⁾

PennFed Capital Trust III

3.884

30,928

30,000

June 2, 2003

June 15, 2033

June 15, 2008

⁽²⁾

New York Community Capital Trust XI

2.279

59,286

57,500

April 16, 2007

June 30, 2037

June 30, 2012

⁽²⁾

Total junior subordinated debentures

358,672

345,895

(1)	Callable subject to certain conditions as described in the prospectus filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on November 4, 2002.

(2)	Callable from this date forward.

Note 8. Mortgage Servicing Rights

In accordance with ASC 860-50, the Company records a separate servicing asset representing the right to service third-party loans. MSRs are initially recorded at their fair value as a component of the sale proceeds. The fair value of the MSRs are based on an analysis of discounted cash flows that incorporates estimates of (1) market servicing costs, (2) market-based estimates of ancillary servicing revenue, (3) market-based prepayment rates, and (4) market profit margins.

MSRs are subsequently measured at either fair value or amortized in proportion to, and over the period of, estimated net servicing income. The Company elects one of those methods on a class basis. A class is determined based on (1) the availability of market inputs used in determining the fair value of servicing assets, and/or (2) our method for managing the risks of servicing assets.

The Company had MSRs of $213.3 million and $247.7 million, respectively, at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015. Both period-end balances consisted of two classes of MSRs for which the Company separately managed the economic risk: residential MSRs and participation MSRs (i.e., MSRs on loans sold through participations).

The total unpaid principal balance of loans serviced for others was $24.6 billion and $24.2 billion at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Residential MSRs are carried at fair value, with changes in fair value recorded as a component of non-interest income in each period. The Company uses various derivative instruments to mitigate the income statement-effect of changes in fair value due to changes in valuation inputs and assumptions regarding its residential MSRs. The effects of changes in the fair value of the derivatives are recorded in “Non-interest income” in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. MSRs do not trade in an active open market with readily observable prices. Accordingly, the Company utilizes a third-party valuation specialist to determine the fair value of its MSRs. This specialist determines fair value based on the present value of estimated future net servicing income cash flows, and incorporates assumptions that market participants would use to estimate fair value, including estimates of prepayment speeds, discount rates, default rates, refinance rates, servicing costs, escrow account earnings, contractual servicing fee income, and ancillary income. The specialist and the Company evaluate, and periodically adjust, as necessary, these underlying inputs and assumptions to reflect market conditions and changes in the assumptions that a market participant would consider in valuing MSRs.

The value of residential MSRs at any given time is significantly affected by the mortgage interest rates that are then available in the marketplace; these, in turn, influence mortgage loan prepayment speeds. The rate of prepayment of residential loans serviced is the most significant estimate involved in the measurement process. Actual prepayment rates differ from those projected by management due to changes in a variety of economic factors, including prevailing interest rates and the availability of alternative financing sources to borrowers.

During periods of declining interest rates, the value of residential MSRs generally declines as an increase in mortgage refinancing activity results in an increase in prepayments and a decrease in the carrying value of residential MSRs through a charge to earnings in the current period. Conversely, during periods of rising interest rates, the value of residential MSRs generally increases as mortgage refinancing activity declines and actual prepayments of the loans being serviced occurs more slowly than had been projected, resulting in increases in the carrying value of residential MSRs and servicing income than previously projected amounts. Accordingly, the residential MSRs actually realized, could differ from the amounts initially recorded.

Participation MSRs are initially carried at fair value and are subsequently amortized and carried at the lower of their fair value or amortized amount. The amortization is recorded in proportion to, and over the period of, estimated net servicing income, with impairment of those servicing assets evaluated through an assessment of the fair value of those assets via a discounted cash-flow method. The net carrying value is compared to its discounted estimated future net cash flows to determine whether adjustments should be made to carrying values or amortization schedules. Impairment of participation MSRs is recognized through a valuation allowance and a charge to current-period earnings if it is considered to be temporary or through a direct write-down of the asset and a charge to current-period earnings if it is considered other than temporary. The predominant risk characteristics of the underlying loans that are used to stratify the participation MSRs for measurement purposes generally include the (1) loan origination date, (2) loan rate, (3) loan type and size, (4) loan maturity date, and (5) geographic location. Changes in the carrying value of participation MSRs due to amortization or declines in fair value (i.e., impairment), if any, are reported in “Other income” in the period during which such changes occur. In the three months ended March 31, 2016, there was no impairment related to the Company’s participation MSRs.

The following table sets forth the changes in the balances of residential MSRs and participation MSRs for the periods indicated:


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2016						2015
(in thousands)	Residential			Participation			Residential			Participation
Carrying value, beginning of year	$	243,389		$	4,345		$	227,297		$	—
Additions		7,948			1,250			15,017			—
Increase (decrease) in fair value:
Due to changes in interest rates		(24,286	)		—			(11,098	)		—
Due to model assumption changes ⁽¹⁾		(8,838	)		—			—			—
Due to loan payoffs		(8,750	)		—			(10,216	)		—
Due to passage of time and other changes		(1,376	)		—			(629	)		—
Amortization		—			(414	)		—			—

Carrying value, end of period	$	208,087		$	5,181		$	220,371		$	—

(1)	Represents changes in fair value driven by changes to the inputs to the valuation model related to assumed prepayment speeds.

The following table presents the key assumptions used in calculating the fair value of the Company’s residential MSRs at the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2016			December 31, 2015
Expected Weighted Average Life		80 months			92 months
Constant Prepayment Speed		9.68	%		7.35	%
Discount Rate		10.02			10.01
Primary Mortgage Rate to Refinance		3.72			4.03
Cost to Service (per loan per year):
Current	$	63		$	63
30-59 days or less delinquent		213			213
60-89 days delinquent		313			313
90-119 days delinquent		413			413
120 days or more delinquent		563			563

As indicated in the preceding table, there were no changes in the assumed servicing costs over the three months ended March 31, 2016.

Note 9. Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits

The following table sets forth certain disclosures for the Company’s pension and post-retirement plans for the periods indicated:


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2016						2015
(in thousands)	Pension Benefits			Post-Retirement Benefits			Pension Benefits			Post-Retirement Benefits
Components of net periodic (credit) expense:
Interest cost	$	1,470		$	160		$	1,516		$	175
Service cost		—			1			—			1
Expected return on plan assets		(3,906	)		—			(4,390	)		—
Amortization of prior-service costs		—			(62	)		—			(62	)
Amortization of net actuarial loss		2,262			81			2,052			96

Net periodic (credit) expense	$	(174	)	$	180		$	(822	)	$	210

The Company expects to contribute $1.3 million to its post-retirement plan to pay premiums and claims for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2016. The Company does not expect to make any contributions to its pension plan in 2016.

Note 10. Stock-Based Compensation

At March 31, 2016, the Company had 9,695,260 shares available for grants as options, restricted stock, or other forms of related rights under the New York Community Bancorp, Inc. 2012 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2012 Stock Incentive Plan”), which was approved by the Company’s shareholders at its Annual Meeting on June 7, 2012. Included in this amount were 1,030,673 shares that were transferred from the 2006 Stock Incentive Plan, which was approved by the Company’s shareholders at its Annual Meeting on June 7, 2006 and reapproved at its Annual Meeting on June 2, 2011. The Company granted 2,571,452 shares of restricted stock during the three months ended March 31, 2016. The shares had an average fair value of $15.23 per share on the date of grant and a vesting period of five years. Compensation and benefits expense related to the restricted stock grants is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, and totaled $8.2 million and $7.2 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015.

The following table provides a summary of activity with regard to restricted stock awards in the three months ended March 31, 2016:


	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
	Number of Shares			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested at beginning of year		6,362,117		$	15.44
Granted		2,571,452			15.23
Vested		(1,893,003	)		15.38
Canceled		(36,600	)		15.27

Unvested at end of period		7,003,966			15.38

As of March 31, 2016, unrecognized compensation cost relating to unvested restricted stock totaled $101.3 million. This amount will be recognized over a remaining weighted average period of 3.6 years.

The following table summarizes the changes that occurred during the three months ended at March 31, 2016 with regard to the Company’s outstanding stock options:


	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
	Number of Stock Options			Weighted Average Exercise Price
Stock options outstanding, beginning of year		2,400		$	16.88
Exercised		—			—
Expired/forfeited		(2,400	)		16.88

Stock options outstanding, end of period		—			—
Options exercisable, end of period		—			—

There were no stock options outstanding at March 31, 2016 and no options exercised during the three months ended at that date.

Note 11. Fair Value Measurements

GAAP sets forth a definition of fair value, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value, and requires disclosure for each major asset and liability category measured at fair value on either a recurring or non-recurring basis. GAAP also clarifies that fair value is an “exit” price, representing the amount that would be received when selling an asset, or paid when transferring a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants. Fair value is thus a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, GAAP establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:

•

Level 1 – Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

•

Level 2 – Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

•

Level 3 – Inputs to the valuation methodology are significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants use in pricing an asset or liability.

A financial instrument’s categorization within this valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The following tables present assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, and that were included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Condition at those dates:


	Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2016
(in thousands)	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)			Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)			Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Netting Adjustments⁽¹⁾			Total Fair Value
Assets:
Securities Available for Sale:
Municipal bonds	$	—		$	800		$	—	$	—		$	800
Capital trust notes		—			6,841			—		—			6,841
Preferred stock		97,908			29,206			—		—			127,114
Mutual funds and common stock		—			17,494			—		—			17,494

Total securities available for sale	$	97,908		$	54,341		$	—	$	—		$	152,249

Other Assets:
Loans held for sale	$	—		$	471,276		$	—	$	—		$	471,276
Mortgage servicing rights		—			—			208,087		—			208,087
Interest rate lock commitments		—			—			6,689		—			6,689
Derivative assets-other ⁽²⁾		6,259			4,008			—		(845	)		9,422

Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities	$	(78	)	$	(7,182	)	$	—	$	5,760		$	(1,500	)

(1)	Includes cash collateral received from, and paid to, counterparties.

(2)	Includes $3.7 million to purchase Treasury options.


	Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2015
(in thousands)	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)			Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)			Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Netting Adjustments⁽¹⁾			Total Fair Value
Assets:
Mortgage-Related Securities Available for Sale:
GSE certificates	$	—		$	53,852		$	—	$	—		$	53,852

Total mortgage-related securities	$	—		$	53,852		$	—	$	—		$	53,852

Other Securities Available for Sale:
Municipal bonds	$	—		$	795		$	—	$	—		$	795
Capital trust notes		—			6,964			—		—			6,964
Preferred stock		96,641			28,731			—		—			125,372
Mutual funds and common stock		—			17,272			—		—			17,272

Total other securities	$	96,641		$	53,762		$	—	$	—		$	150,403

Total securities available for sale	$	96,641		$	107,614		$	—	$	—		$	204,255

Other Assets:
Loans held for sale	$	—		$	367,221		$	—	$	—		$	367,221
Mortgage servicing rights		—			—			243,389		—			243,389
Interest rate lock commitments		—			—			2,526		—			2,526
Derivative assets-other ⁽²⁾		1,875			1,342			—		(1,024	)		2,193

Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities	$	(1,539	)	$	(2,783	)	$	—	$	3,986		$	(336	)

(1)	Includes cash collateral received from, and paid to, counterparties.

(2)	Includes $1.9 million to purchase Treasury options.

The Company reviews and updates the fair value hierarchy classifications for its assets on a quarterly basis. Changes from one quarter to the next that are related to the observability of inputs for a fair value measurement may result in a reclassification from one hierarchy level to another.

A description of the methods and significant assumptions utilized in estimating the fair values of available-for-sale securities follows:

Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 1 securities include highly liquid government securities, exchange-traded securities, and derivatives.

If quoted market prices are not available for a specific security, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models. These pricing models primarily use market-based or independently sourced market parameters as inputs, including, but not limited to, yield curves, interest rates, equity or debt prices, and credit spreads. In addition to observable market information, models incorporate transaction details such as maturity and cash flow assumptions. Securities valued in this manner would generally be classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy, and primarily include such instruments as mortgage-related and corporate debt securities.

Periodically, the Company uses fair values supplied by independent pricing services to corroborate the fair values derived from the pricing models. In addition, the Company reviews the fair values supplied by independent pricing services, as well as their underlying pricing methodologies, for reasonableness. The Company challenges pricing service valuations that appear to be unusual or unexpected.

The Company carries loans held for sale originated by its mortgage banking operation at fair value. The fair value of loans held for sale is primarily based on quoted market prices for securities backed by similar types of loans. Changes in the fair value of these assets are largely driven by changes in interest rates subsequent to loan funding, and changes in the fair value of servicing associated with the mortgage loans held for sale. Loans held for sale are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy.

Mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”) do not trade in an active open market with readily observable prices. The Company bases the fair value of its MSRs on the present value of estimated future net servicing income cash flows, utilizing a third-party valuation specialist. The specialist estimates future net servicing income cash flows with assumptions that market participants would use to estimate fair value, including estimates of prepayment speeds, discount rates, default rates, refinance rates, servicing costs, escrow account earnings, contractual servicing fee income, and ancillary income. The Company periodically adjusts the underlying inputs and assumptions to reflect market conditions and assumptions that a market participant would consider in valuing the MSR asset. MSR fair value measurements use significant unobservable inputs and, accordingly, are classified within Level 3.

Exchange-traded derivatives that are valued using quoted prices are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. The majority of the Company’s derivative positions are valued using internally developed models that use readily observable market parameters as their basis. These are parameters that are actively quoted and can be validated by external sources, including industry pricing services. Where the types of derivative products have been in existence for some time, the Company uses models that are widely accepted in the financial services industry. These models reflect the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and market-based parameters such as interest rates, volatility, and the credit quality of the counterparty. Furthermore, many of these models do not contain a high level of subjectivity, as the methodologies used in the models do not require significant judgment, and inputs to the models are readily observable from actively quoted markets, as is the case for “plain vanilla” interest rate swaps and option contracts. Such instruments are generally classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy. Derivatives that are valued based on models with significant unobservable market parameters, and that are normally traded less actively, have trade activity that is one-way, and/or are traded in less-developed markets, are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy.

The fair values of interest rate lock commitments (“IRLCs”) for residential mortgage loans that the Company intends to sell are based on internally developed models. The key model inputs primarily include the sum of the value of the forward commitment based on the loans’ expected settlement dates and the projected values of the MSRs, loan level price adjustment factors, and historical IRLC closing ratios. The closing ratio is computed by the Company’s mortgage banking operation and is periodically reviewed by management for reasonableness. Such derivatives are classified as Level 3.

While the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate, and consistent with those of other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair values of certain financial instruments could result in different estimates of fair values at a reporting date.

Fair Value Option

Loans Held for Sale

The Company has elected the fair value option for its loans held for sale. The Company’s loans held for sale consist of one-to-four family mortgage loans, none of which was 90 days or more past due at March 31, 2016. Management believes that the mortgage banking business operates on a short-term cycle. Therefore, in order to reflect the most relevant valuations for the key components of this business, and to reduce timing differences in amounts recognized in earnings, the Company has elected to record loans held for sale at fair value to match the recognition of IRLCs, MSRs, and derivatives, all of which are recorded at fair value in earnings. Fair value is based on independent quoted market prices of mortgage-backed securities comprised of loans with similar features to those of the Company’s loans held for sale, where available, and adjusted as necessary for such items as servicing value, guaranty fee premiums, and credit spread adjustments.

The following table reflects the difference between the fair value carrying amount of loans held for sale, for which the Company has elected the fair value option, and the unpaid principal balance:


	March 31, 2016						December 31, 2015
(in thousands)	Fair Value Carrying Amount		Aggregate Unpaid Principal		Fair Value Carrying Amount Less Aggregate Unpaid Principal		Fair Value Carrying Amount		Aggregate Unpaid Principal		Fair Value Carrying Amount Less Aggregate Unpaid Principal
Loans held for sale	$	471,276	$	456,339	$	14,937	$	367,221	$	359,587	$	7,634

Gains and Losses Included in Income for Assets Where the Fair Value Option Has Been Elected

The assets accounted for under the fair value option are initially measured at fair value. Gains and losses from the initial measurement and subsequent changes in fair value are recognized in earnings.

The following table presents the changes in fair value related to initial measurement, and the subsequent changes in fair value included in earnings, for loans held for sale and MSRs for the periods indicated:


	(Loss) Gain Included in Mortgage Banking Income from Changes in Fair Value⁽¹⁾
	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2016			2015
Loans held for sale	$	6,900		$	4,369
Mortgage servicing rights		(43,250	)		(21,943	)

Total loss	$	(36,350	)	$	(17,574	)

(1)	Does not include the effect of hedging activities, which is included in “Other non-interest income.”

The Company has determined that there is no instrument-specific credit risk related to its loans held for sale, due to the short duration of such assets.

Changes in Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

The following tables present, for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, a roll-forward of the balance sheet amounts (including changes in fair value) for financial instruments classified in Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy:


			Total Realized/Unrealized Gains/(Losses) Recorded in					Issuances		Settlements		Transfers to/(from) Level 3		Fair Value at Mar. 31, 2016		Change in Unrealized Gains/
	Fair Value															(Losses) Related to
	January 1,		Income/			Comprehensive										Instruments Held at
(in thousands)	2016		(Loss)			(Loss) Income										March 31, 2016
Mortgage servicing rights	$	243,389	$	(43,250	)	$	—	$	7,948	$	—	$	—	$	208,087	$	(37,093	)
Interest rate lock commitments		2,526		4,163			—		—		—		—		6,689		6,586

			Total Realized/Unrealized Gains/(Losses) Recorded in					Issuances		Settlements		Transfers to/(from) Level 3		Fair Value at Mar. 31, 2015		Change in Unrealized Gains/
	Fair Value															(Losses) Related to
	January 1,		Income/			Comprehensive										Instruments Held at
(in thousands)	2015		(Loss)			(Loss) Income										March 31, 2015
Mortgage servicing rights	$	227,297	$	(21,943	)	$	—	$	15,017	$	—	$	—	$	220,371	$	(6,448	)
Interest rate lock commitments		4,397		4,465			—		—		—		—		8,862		8,807

The Company’s policy is to recognize transfers in and out of Levels 1, 2, and 3 as of the end of the reporting period. There were no transfers in or out of Levels 1, 2, or 3 during the three months ended March 31, 2016 or 2015.

For Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2016, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements were as follows:

(dollars in thousands)

Fair Value at
Mar. 31, 2016

Valuation Technique

Significant Unobservable Inputs

Significant
Unobservable
Input Value

Mortgage servicing rights

208,087

Discounted Cash Flow

Weighted Average Constant Prepayment Rate ⁽¹⁾

9.68

Weighted Average Discount Rate

10.02

Interest rate lock commitments

6,689

Discounted Cash Flow

Weighted Average Closing Ratio

75.99

(1)	Represents annualized loan repayment rate assumptions.

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s MSRs are the weighted average constant prepayment rate and the weighted average discount rate. Significant increases or decreases in either of those inputs in isolation could result in significantly lower or higher fair value measurements. Although the constant prepayment rate and the discount rate are not directly interrelated, they generally move in opposite directions.

The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s IRLCs is the closing ratio, which represents the percentage of loans currently in an interest rate lock position that management estimates will ultimately close. Generally, the fair value of an IRLC is positive if the prevailing interest rate is lower than the IRLC rate, and the fair value of an IRLC is negative if the prevailing interest rate is higher than the IRLC rate. Therefore, an increase in the closing ratio (i.e., a higher percentage of loans estimated to close) will result in the fair value of the IRLC increasing if in a gain position, or decreasing if in a loss position. The closing ratio is largely dependent on the stage of processing that a loan is currently in, and the change in prevailing interest rates from the time of the interest rate lock.

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis

Certain assets are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis. Such instruments are subject to fair value adjustments under certain circumstances (e.g., when there is evidence of impairment). The following tables present assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, and that were included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Condition at those dates:


	Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2016 Using
(in thousands)	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total Fair Value
Certain impaired loans ⁽¹⁾	$	—	$	—	$	1,657	$	1,657
Other assets ⁽²⁾		—	$	—		9,251		9,251

Total	$	—	$	—	$	10,908	$	10,908

(1)	Represents the fair value of certain impaired loans, based on the value of the collateral.

(2)	Represents the fair value of OREO, based on the appraised value of the collateral subsequent to its initial classification as OREO.


	Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2015 Using
(in thousands)	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total Fair Value
Certain impaired loans ⁽¹⁾	$	—	$	—	$	3,930	$	3,930
Other assets ⁽²⁾		—		—		7,982		7,982

Total	$	—	$	—	$	11,912	$	11,912

(1)	Represents the fair value of certain impaired loans, based on the value of the collateral.

(2)	Represents the fair value of OREO, based on the appraised value of the collateral subsequent to its initial classification as OREO.

The fair values of collateral-dependent impaired loans are determined using various valuation techniques, including consideration of appraised values and other pertinent real estate market data.

Other Fair Value Disclosures

Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) guidance requires the disclosure of fair value information about the Company’s on- and off-balance sheet financial instruments. When available, quoted market prices are used as the measure of fair value. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on present-value estimates or other valuation techniques. Such fair values are significantly affected by the assumptions used, the timing of future cash flows, and the discount rate.

Because assumptions are inherently subjective in nature, estimated fair values cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent market quotes. Furthermore, in many cases, the estimated fair values provided would not necessarily be realized in an immediate sale or settlement of such instruments.

The following tables summarize the carrying values, estimated fair values, and fair value measurement levels of financial instruments that were not carried at fair value on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Condition at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015:


	March 31, 2016
					Fair Value Measurement Using
(in thousands)	Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)			Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)			Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	650,880	$	650,880	$	650,880		$	—		$	—
Securities held to maturity		4,068,750		4,304,161		—			4,303,392			769
FHLB stock ⁽¹⁾		551,247		551,247		—			551,247			—
Loans, net		38,453,936		38,914,681		—			—			38,914,681
Financial Liabilities:
Deposits	$	28,982,312	$	28,986,770	$	22,193,600	⁽²⁾	$	6,793,170	⁽³⁾	$	—
Borrowed funds		13,344,772		13,412,305		—			13,412,305			—

(1)	Carrying value and estimated fair value are at cost.

(2)	NOW and money market accounts, savings accounts, and non-interest-bearing accounts.

(3)	Certificates of deposit.


	December 31, 2015
					Fair Value Measurement Using
(in thousands)	Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)			Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)			Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	537,674	$	537,674	$	537,674		$	—		$	—
Securities held to maturity		5,969,390		6,108,529		—			6,107,697			832
FHLB stock ⁽¹⁾		663,971		663,971		—			663,971			—
Loans, net		38,011,995		38,245,434		—			—			38,245,434
Financial Liabilities:
Deposits	$	28,426,758	$	28,408,915	$	23,114,271	⁽²⁾	$	5,294,644	⁽³⁾	$	—
Borrowed funds		15,748,405		15,685,616		—			15,685,616			—

(1)	Carrying value and estimated fair value are at cost.

(2)	NOW and money market accounts, savings accounts, and non-interest-bearing accounts.

(3)	Certificates of deposit.

The methods and significant assumptions used to estimate fair values for the Company’s financial instruments follow:

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash and due from banks and fed funds sold. The estimated fair values of cash and cash equivalents are assumed to equal their carrying values, as these financial instruments are either due on demand or have short-term maturities.

Securities

If quoted market prices are not available for a specific security, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, or discounted cash flows. These pricing models primarily use market-based or independently sourced market parameters as inputs, including, but not limited to, yield curves, interest rates, equity or debt prices, and credit spreads. In addition to observable market information, pricing models also incorporate transaction details such as maturities and cash flow assumptions.

Federal Home Loan Bank Stock

Ownership in equity securities of the FHLB is restricted and there is no established market for their resale. The carrying amount approximates the fair value.

Loans

The loan portfolio is segregated into various components for valuation purposes in order to group loans based on their significant financial characteristics, such as loan type (mortgage or other) and payment status (performing or non-performing). The estimated fair values of mortgage and other loans are computed by discounting the anticipated cash flows from the respective portfolios. The discount rates reflect current market rates for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality. The estimated fair values of non-performing mortgage and other loans are based on recent collateral appraisals.

The methods used to estimate the fair values of loans are extremely sensitive to the assumptions and estimates used. While management has attempted to use assumptions and estimates that best reflect the Company’s loan portfolio and current market conditions, a greater degree of subjectivity is inherent in these values than in those determined in active markets. Accordingly, readers are cautioned in using this information for purposes of evaluating the financial condition and/or value of the Company in and of itself or in comparison with that of any other company.

Mortgage Servicing Rights

MSRs do not trade in an active market with readily observable prices. Accordingly, the Company bases the fair value of its MSRs on a valuation performed by a third-party valuation specialist. This specialist determines fair value based on the present value of estimated future net servicing income cash flows, and incorporates assumptions that market participants would use to estimate fair value, including estimates of prepayment speeds, discount rates, default rates, refinance rates, servicing costs, escrow account earnings, contractual servicing fee income, and ancillary income. The specialist and the Company evaluate, and periodically adjust, as necessary, these underlying inputs and assumptions to reflect market conditions and changes in the assumptions that a market participant would consider in valuing MSRs.

Derivative Financial Instruments

For exchange-traded futures and exchange-traded options, fair value is based on observable quoted market prices in an active market. For forward commitments to buy and sell loans and mortgage-backed securities, fair value is based on observable market prices for similar loans and securities in an active market. The fair value of IRLCs for one-to-four family mortgage loans that the Company intends to sell is based on internally developed models. The key model inputs primarily include the sum of the value of the forward commitment based on the loans’ expected settlement dates, the value of MSRs arrived at by an independent MSR broker, government agency price adjustment factors, and historical IRLC fall-out factors.

Deposits

The fair values of deposit liabilities with no stated maturity (i.e., NOW and money market accounts, savings accounts, and non-interest-bearing accounts) are equal to the carrying amounts payable on demand. The fair values of certificates of deposit (“CDs”) represent contractual cash flows, discounted using interest rates currently offered on deposits with similar characteristics and remaining maturities. These estimated fair values do not include the intangible value of core deposit relationships, which comprise a significant portion of the Company’s deposit base.

Borrowed Funds

The estimated fair value of borrowed funds is based either on bid quotations received from securities dealers or the discounted value of contractual cash flows with interest rates currently in effect for borrowed funds with similar maturities and structures.

Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments

The fair values of commitments to extend credit and unadvanced lines of credit are estimated based on an analysis of the interest rates and fees currently charged to enter into similar transactions, considering the remaining terms of the commitments and the creditworthiness of the potential borrowers. The estimated fair values of such off-balance sheet financial instruments were insignificant at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

Note 12. Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company’s derivative financial instruments consist of financial forward and futures contracts, interest rate swaps, IRLCs, and options. These derivatives relate to mortgage banking operations, residential MSRs, and other risk management activities, and seek to mitigate or reduce the Company’s exposure to losses from adverse changes in interest rates. These activities will vary in scope based on the level and volatility of interest rates, other changing market conditions, and the types of assets held.

In accordance with the applicable accounting guidance, the Company takes into account the impact of collateral and master netting agreements that allow it to settle all derivative contracts held with a single counterparty on a net basis, and to offset the net derivative position with the related collateral when recognizing derivative assets and liabilities. As a result, the Company’s Statements of Financial Condition could reflect derivative contracts with negative fair values that are included in derivative assets, and contracts with positive fair values that are included in derivative liabilities.

The Company held derivatives with a notional amount of $3.2 billion at March 31, 2016. Changes in the fair value of these derivatives are reflected in current-period earnings. None of these derivatives are designated as hedges for accounting purposes.

The Company uses various financial instruments, including derivatives, in connection with its strategies to reduce pricing risk resulting from changes in interest rates. Derivative instruments may include IRLCs entered into with borrowers or correspondents/brokers to acquire agency-conforming fixed and adjustable rate residential mortgage loans that will be held for sale, as well as Treasury options and Eurodollar futures.

The Company enters into forward contracts to sell fixed rate mortgage-backed securities to protect against changes in the prices of agency-conforming fixed rate loans held for sale. Forward contracts are entered into with securities dealers in an amount related to the portion of IRLCs that is expected to close. The value of these forward sales contracts moves inversely with the value of the loans in response to changes in interest rates.

To manage the price risk associated with fixed-rate non-conforming mortgage loans, the Company generally enters into forward contracts on mortgage-backed securities or forward commitments to sell loans to approved investors. Short positions in Eurodollar futures contracts are used to manage price risk on adjustable rate mortgage loans held for sale.

The Company uses interest rate swaps to hedge the fair value of its residential MSRs. The Company also purchases put and call options to manage the risk associated with variations in the amount of IRLCs that ultimately close.

The following table sets forth information regarding the Company’s derivative financial instruments at March 31, 2016:


	March 31, 2016
(in thousands)	Notional Amount		Unrealized ⁽¹⁾
(in thousands)	Notional Amount		Gain		Loss
Treasury options	$	510,000	$	1,072	$	61
Eurodollar futures		50,000		—		17
Swaps		170,000		1,496		—
Forward commitments to sell loans/mortgage-backed securities		1,084,000		128		6,861
Forward commitments to buy loans/mortgage-backed securities		715,000		3,880		321
Interest rate lock commitments		630,194		6,689		—

Total derivatives	$	3,159,194	$	13,265	$	7,260

(1)	Derivatives in a net gain position are recorded as “Other assets” and derivatives in a net loss position are recorded as “Other liabilities” in the Consolidated Statements of Condition.

In addition, the Company mitigates a portion of the risk associated with changes in the value of its residential MSRs. The general strategy for mitigating this risk is to purchase derivative instruments, the value of which changes in the opposite direction of interest rates. This action partially offsets changes in the value of our servicing assets, which tends to move in the same direction as interest rates. Accordingly, the Company purchases Eurodollar futures and call options on Treasury securities, and enters into forward contracts to purchase mortgage-backed securities.

The following table sets forth the effect of derivative instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the periods indicated:


	Gain Included in Mortgage Banking Income
	for the Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2016		2015
Treasury options	$	7,231	$	3,416
Treasury and Eurodollar futures		66		383
Swaps		1,496		—
Forward commitments to buy/sell loans/mortgage-backed securities		869		1,772

Total gain	$	9,662	$	5,571

The Company has in place an enforceable master netting arrangement with every counterparty. All master netting arrangements include rights to offset associated with the Company’s recognized derivative assets, derivative liabilities, and the cash collateral received and pledged. Accordingly, the Company, where appropriate, offsets all derivative asset and liability positions with the cash collateral received and pledged.

The following tables present the effect of the master netting arrangements on the presentation of the derivative assets in the Consolidated Statements of Condition as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2016
(in thousands)	Gross Amount of Recognized Assets ⁽¹⁾		Gross Amount Offset in the Statement of Condition		Net Amount of Assets Presented in the Statement of Condition		Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Statement of Condition				Net Amount
(in thousands)	Gross Amount of Recognized Assets ⁽¹⁾		Gross Amount Offset in the Statement of Condition				Financial Instruments		Cash Collateral Received		Net Amount
Derivatives	$	16,956	$	845	$	16,111	$	—	$	—	$	16,111

(1)	Includes $3.7 million to purchase Treasury options.


	December 31, 2015
(in thousands)	Gross Amount of Recognized Assets ⁽¹⁾		Gross Amount Offset in the Statement of Condition		Net Amount of Assets Presented in the Statement of Condition		Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Statement of Condition				Net Amount
(in thousands)	Gross Amount of Recognized Assets ⁽¹⁾		Gross Amount Offset in the Statement of Condition				Financial Instruments		Cash Collateral Received		Net Amount
Derivatives	$	5,743	$	1,024	$	4,719	$	—	$	—	$	4,719

(1)	Includes $1.9 million to purchase Treasury options.

The following tables present the effect the master netting arrangements had on the presentation of the derivative liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Condition as of the dates indicated:


	March 31, 2016
(in thousands)	Gross Amount of Recognized Liabilities		Gross Amount Offset in the Statement of Condition		Net Amount of Liabilities Presented in the Statement of Condition		Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Statement of Condition				Net Amount
(in thousands)	Gross Amount of Recognized Liabilities		Gross Amount Offset in the Statement of Condition				Financial Instruments		Cash Collateral Pledged		Net Amount
Derivatives	$	7,260	$	5,760	$	1,500	$	—	$	—	$	1,500


	December 31, 2015
(in thousands)	Gross Amount of Recognized Liabilities		Gross Amount Offset in the Statement of Condition		Net Amount of Liabilities Presented in the Statement of Condition		Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Statement of Condition				Net Amount
(in thousands)	Gross Amount of Recognized Liabilities		Gross Amount Offset in the Statement of Condition				Financial Instruments		Cash Collateral Pledged		Net Amount
Derivatives	$	4,322	$	3,986	$	336	$	—	$	—	$	336

Note 13. Segment Reporting

The Company’s operations are divided into two reportable business segments: Banking Operations and Residential Mortgage Banking. These operating segments have been identified based on the Company’s organizational structure. The segments require unique technology and marketing strategies, and offer different products and services. While the Company is managed as an integrated organization, individual executive managers are held accountable for the operations of these business segments.

The Company measures and presents information for internal reporting purposes in a variety of ways. The internal reporting system presently used by management in the planning and measurement of operating activities, and to which most managers are held accountable, is based on organizational structure.

The management accounting process uses various estimates and allocation methodologies to measure the performance of the operating segments. To determine financial performance for each segment, the Company allocates capital, funding charges and credits, certain non-interest expenses, and income tax provisions to each segment, as applicable. Allocation methodologies are subject to periodic adjustment as the internal management accounting system is revised and/or as business or product lines within the segments change. In addition, because the development and application of these methodologies is a dynamic process, the financial results presented may be periodically revised.

The Company seeks to maximize shareholder value by, among other means, optimizing the return on stockholders’ equity and managing risk. Capital is assigned to each segment, the combination of which is equivalent to the Company’s consolidated total, on an economic basis, using management’s assessment of the inherent risks associated with the segment. Capital allocations are made to cover the following risk categories: credit risk, liquidity risk, interest rate risk, option risk, basis risk, market risk, and operational risk.

The Company allocates expenses to the reportable segments based on various factors, including the volume and number of loans produced and the number of full-time equivalent employees. Income taxes are allocated to the various segments based on taxable income and statutory rates applicable to the segment.

Banking Operations Segment

The Banking Operations segment serves consumers and businesses by offering and servicing a variety of loan and deposit products and other financial services.

Residential Mortgage Banking Segment

The Residential Mortgage Banking segment originates, aggregates, sells, and services one-to-four family mortgage loans. Mortgage loan products consist primarily of agency-conforming, fixed- and adjustable-rate loans and, to a lesser extent, jumbo loans, for the purpose of purchasing or refinancing one-to-four family homes. The Residential Mortgage Banking segment earns interest on loans held in the warehouse and non-interest income from the origination and servicing of loans. It also recognizes gains or losses on the sale of such loans.

The following tables provide a summary of the Company’s segment results for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, on an internally managed accounting basis:


	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
(in thousands)	Banking Operations			Residential Mortgage Banking			Total Company
Net interest income	$	324,917		$	2,949		$	327,866
Recoveries of loan losses		(176	)		—			(176	)
Non-Interest Income:
Third party ⁽¹⁾		30,586			4,651			35,237
Inter-segment		(4,112	)		4,112			—

Total non-interest income		26,474			8,763			35,237

Non-interest expense ⁽²⁾		142,050			16,398			158,448

Income before income tax expense		209,517			(4,686	)		204,831
Income tax expense (benefit)		76,815			(1,893	)		74,922

Net income (loss)	$	132,702		$	(2,793	)	$	129,909

Identifiable segment assets (period-end)	$	47,739,937		$	775,635		$	48,515,572

(1)	Includes ancillary fee income.

(2)	Includes both direct and indirect expenses.


	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2015
(in thousands)	Banking Operations			Residential Mortgage Banking		Total Company
Net interest income	$	289,285		$	3,483	$	292,768

Provision for loan losses		7			—		7

Non-interest income:
Third party⁽¹⁾		33,154			19,080		52,234
Inter-segment		(4,170	)		4,170		—

Total non-interest income		28,984			23,250		52,234

Non-interest expense⁽²⁾		140,151			16,685		156,836

Income before income tax expense		178,111			10,048		188,159
Income tax expense		64,890			4,010		68,900

Net income	$	113,221		$	6,038	$	119,259

Identifiable segment assets (period-end)	$	47,573,020		$	678,695	$	48,251,715

(1)	Includes ancillary fee income.

(2)	Includes both direct and indirect expenses.

Note 14. Impact of Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-09, “Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.” ASU No. 2016-09 simplifies several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, classification on the statement of cash flows, and accounting for forfeitures. The Company adopted ASU No. 2016-09 prospectively, effective for the first quarter of 2016. Upon adoption, the Company recorded an immaterial cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. In addition, ASU No. 2016-09 requires that excess tax benefits and shortfalls be recorded as income tax benefit or expense in the income statement, rather than equity. This resulted in an immaterial benefit to income tax expense in the first quarter of 2016. Relative to forfeitures, ASU No. 2016-09 allows an entity’s accounting policy election to either continue to estimate the number of awards that are expected to vest, as under current guidance, or account for forfeitures when they occur. The Company has elected to continue its existing practice of estimating the number of awards that will be forfeited. The income tax effects of ASU No. 2016-09 on the statement of cash flows are now classified as cash flows from operating activities, rather than cash flows from financing activities. The Company elected to apply this cash flow classification guidance prospectively and, therefore, prior periods have not been adjusted. ASU No. 2016-09 also requires the presentation of certain employee withholding taxes as a financing activity on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows; this is consistent with the manner in which we have presented such employee withholding taxes in the past. Accordingly, no reclassification for prior periods is required.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842).” ASU No. 2016-02 will require organizations that lease assets (hereinafter referred to as “lessees”) to recognize as assets and liabilities on the balance sheet the respective rights and obligations created by those leases. Under ASU No. 2016-02, a lessee will be required to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with lease terms of more than twelve months. ASU No. 2016-02 also will require disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. These disclosures include qualitative and quantitative requirements, providing additional information about the amounts recorded in the financial statements. ASU No. 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early application will be permitted. The Company is in the process of evaluating the effects the adoption of ASU No. 2016-02 may have on the Company’s consolidated statements of condition and results of operations.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, “Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10)—Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” The amendments in ASU No. 2016-01 require all equity investments to be measured at fair value, with changes in the fair value recognized through net income (other than those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those resulting in consolidation of the investee). The amendments in ASU No. 2016-01 also require an entity to present separately in “Other comprehensive income” the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments. In addition, the amendments in ASU No. 2016-01 eliminate the requirement to disclose the fair value of financial instruments measured at amortized cost for entities that are not public business entities and the requirement to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet for public business entities. (ASU No. 2016-01 is the final version of Proposed ASU No. 2013-220—Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10) and Proposed ASU No. 2013-221—Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10).) ASU No. 2016-01 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of ASU No. 2016-01 is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated statements of condition or results of operations.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606).” The amendments in ASU No. 2014-09 create Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers,” and supersede the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605, “Revenue Recognition,” including most industry-specific revenue recognition guidance throughout the Industry Topics of the Accounting Standards Codification. In addition, the amendments supersede the cost guidance in Subtopic 605-35, “Revenue Recognition—Construction-Type and Production-Type Contracts,” and create new Subtopic 340-40, “Other Assets and Deferred Costs—Contracts with Customers.” In summary, the core principle of Topic 606 is that an entity recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. ASU No. 2014-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early application is permitted only as of annual periods beginning after December 31, 2106, including interim reporting periods within that fiscal year. The Company is in the process of evaluating the effects the adoption of ASU No. 2014-09 may have on the Company’s consolidated statements of condition and results of operations.

Note 15. Subsequent Events

Proposed Merger with Astoria Financial Corporation

On April 26, 2016, shareholders of both companies approved the proposed merger of Astoria Financial and the Company. Pending regulatory approval, and subject to the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of October 28, 2015, Astoria Financial will merge with and into the Company, and Astoria Bank, Astoria Financial’s primary subsidiary, will merge with and into the Community Bank.

ITEM 2.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

For the purpose of this discussion and analysis, the words “we,” “us,” “our,” and the “Company” are used to refer to New York Community Bancorp, Inc. and our consolidated subsidiaries, including New York Community Bank (the “Community Bank”) and New York Commercial Bank (the “Commercial Bank”) (collectively, the “Banks”).

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING LANGUAGE

This report, like many written and oral communications presented by New York Community Bancorp, Inc. and our authorized officers, may contain certain forward-looking statements regarding our prospective performance and strategies within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and are including this statement for purposes of said safe harbor provisions.

Forward-looking statements, which are based on certain assumptions and describe future plans, strategies, and expectations of the Company, are generally identified by use of the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “seek,” “strive,” “try,” or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “may,” or similar expressions. Although we believe that our plans, intentions, and expectations as reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that they will be achieved or realized.

Our ability to predict results or the actual effects of our plans and strategies is inherently uncertain. Accordingly, actual results, performance, or achievements could differ materially from those contemplated, expressed, or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in this report.

There are a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, that could cause actual conditions, events, or results to differ significantly from those described in our forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to:

•

general economic conditions, either nationally or in some or all of the areas in which we and our customers conduct our respective businesses;

•

conditions in the securities markets and real estate markets or the banking industry;

•

changes in real estate values, which could impact the quality of the assets securing the loans in our portfolio;

•

changes in interest rates, which may affect our net income, prepayment income, mortgage banking income, and other future cash flows, or the market value of our assets, including our investment securities;

•

changes in the quality or composition of our loan or securities portfolios;

•

changes in our capital management policies, including those regarding business combinations, dividends, and share repurchases, among others;

•

our use of derivatives to mitigate our interest rate exposure;

•

changes in competitive pressures among financial institutions or from non-financial institutions;

•

changes in deposit flows and wholesale borrowing facilities;

•

changes in the demand for deposit, loan, and investment products and other financial services in the markets we serve;

•

our timely development of new lines of business and competitive products or services in a changing environment, and the acceptance of such products or services by our customers;

•

the ability to obtain shareholder and regulatory approval of any merger transactions we may propose (including regulatory approval of the proposed merger with Astoria Financial) in a timely manner or otherwise;

•

our ability to successfully integrate any assets, liabilities, customers, systems, and management personnel we may acquire, including from Astoria Financial Corporation (“Astoria Financial”), into our operations and our ability to realize related revenue synergies and cost savings within expected time frames;

•

risks relating to unanticipated costs of integration;

•

potential exposure to unknown or contingent liabilities of companies we have acquired, may acquire, or target for acquisition, including Astoria Financial;

•

failure to satisfy other closing conditions to any mergers we may propose, including the proposed merger with Astoria Financial;

•

the potential impact of the announcement or consummation of any merger we propose (including the proposed merger with Astoria Financial) on relationships with third parties, including customers, employees, and competitors;

•

failure to obtain applicable regulatory approvals for the payment of future dividends;

•

the ability to pay future dividends at currently expected rates;

•

the ability to hire and retain key personnel;

•

the ability to attract new customers and retain existing ones in the manner anticipated;

•

changes in our customer base or in the financial or operating performances of our customers’ businesses;

•

any interruption in customer service due to circumstances beyond our control;

•

the outcome of pending or threatened litigation, or of matters before regulatory agencies, whether currently existing or commencing in the future;

•

environmental conditions that exist or may exist on properties owned by, leased by, or mortgaged to the Company;

•

any interruption or breach of security resulting in failures or disruptions in customer account management, general ledger, deposit, loan, or other systems;

•

operational issues stemming from, and/or capital spending necessitated by, the potential need to adapt to industry changes in information technology systems, on which we are highly dependent;

•

the ability to keep pace with, and implement on a timely basis, technological changes;

•

changes in legislation, regulation, policies, or administrative practices, whether by judicial, governmental, or legislative action, including, but not limited to, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and other changes pertaining to banking, securities, taxation, rent regulation and housing, financial accounting and reporting, environmental protection, and insurance, and the ability to comply with such changes in a timely manner;

•

changes in the monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. Government, including policies of the U.S. Department of the Treasury and the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System;

•

changes in accounting principles, policies, practices, or guidelines;

•

a material breach in performance by the Community Bank under our loss sharing agreements with the FDIC;

•

changes in our estimates of future reserves based upon the periodic review thereof under relevant regulatory and accounting requirements;

•

changes in regulatory expectations relating to predictive models we use in connection with stress testing and other forecasting, or in the assumptions on which such modeling and forecasting are predicated;

•

changes in our credit ratings or in our ability to access the capital markets;

•

natural disasters, war, or terrorist activities; and

•

other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory, technological, and geopolitical factors affecting our operations, pricing, and services.

In addition, the timing and occurrence or non-occurrence of events may be subject to circumstances beyond our control.

Furthermore, we routinely evaluate opportunities to expand through acquisitions and conduct due diligence activities in connection with such opportunities. As a result, acquisition discussions and, in some cases, negotiations, may take place at any time, and acquisitions involving cash or our debt or equity securities may occur.

You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect our expectations only as of the date of this report. We do not assume any obligation to revise or update these forward-looking statements except as may be required by law.

RECONCILIATIONS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND TANGIBLE STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY;

TOTAL ASSETS AND TANGIBLE ASSETS; AND THE RELATED MEASURES

Although tangible stockholders’ equity and tangible assets are not measures that are calculated in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), management uses these non-GAAP measures in their analysis of our performance. We believe that these non-GAAP measures are important indications of our ability to grow both organically and through business combinations and, with respect to tangible stockholders’ equity, our ability to pay dividends and to engage in various capital management strategies.

We calculate tangible stockholders’ equity by subtracting from stockholders’ equity the sum of our goodwill and core deposit intangibles (“CDI”), and calculate tangible assets by subtracting the same sum from our total assets. To calculate our ratio of tangible stockholders’ equity to tangible assets, we divide our tangible stockholders’ equity by our tangible assets.

Tangible stockholders’ equity, tangible assets, and the related financial measures should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for stockholders’ equity or any other measure prepared in accordance with GAAP. Moreover, the manner in which we calculate these non-GAAP financial measures may differ from that of other companies reporting non-GAAP financial measures with similar names.

Reconciliations of our stockholders’ equity and tangible stockholders’ equity; our total assets and tangible assets; and the related financial measures at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 follow:


	March 31,			December 31,
(in thousands)	2016			2015
Stockholders’ Equity	$	5,984,800		$	5,934,696
Less: Goodwill		(2,436,131	)		(2,436,131	)
Core deposit intangibles		(1,753	)		(2,599	)

Tangible stockholders’ equity	$	3,546,916		$	3,495,966

Total Assets	$	48,515,572		$	50,317,796
Less: Goodwill		(2,436,131	)		(2,436,131	)
Core deposit intangibles		(1,753	)		(2,599	)

Tangible assets	$	46,077,688		$	47,879,066

Stockholders’ equity to total assets		12.34	%		11.79	%
Tangible stockholders’ equity to tangible assets		7.70	%		7.30	%

Executive Summary

New York Community Bancorp, Inc. is the holding company for New York Community Bank (the “Community Bank”), with 226 branches in Metro New York, New Jersey, Ohio, Florida, and Arizona; and New York Commercial Bank (the “Commercial Bank”), with 30 branches in Metro New York. With assets of $48.5 billion at March 31, 2016, including loans, net, of $38.5 billion, we rank among the 25 largest U.S. bank holding companies.

On July 20, 2015, A&P, which owned and operated Pathmark, Waldbaums, and other supermarket chains in Metro New York and New Jersey, announced that it had filed for bankruptcy protection and planned to close or sell certain of its stores. Subsequent to that filing, 17 of our 32 in-store Community Bank branches were closed and the deposits transferred to other nearby branches of the Community Bank.

Chartered in the State of New York, the Community Bank and the Commercial Bank are subject to regulation by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”), the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, and the New York State Department of Financial Services. In addition, the holding company is subject to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “FRB”), the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), and the requirements of the New York Stock Exchange, where shares of our common stock are traded under the symbol “NYCB”.

As a publicly traded company, our mission is to provide our shareholders with a solid return on their investment by producing a strong financial performance, maintaining a solid capital position, and engaging in corporate strategies that enhance the value of their shares. In support of this mission, we maintain a consistent business model, as described below:

•

We originate multi-family loans on non-luxury apartment buildings in New York City that are subject to rent regulation and feature below-market rents;

•

We underwrite our loans in accordance with conservative credit standards in order to maintain a high level of asset quality;

•

We originate one-to-four family loans through our proprietary web-based mortgage banking platform and sell the vast majority of those loans to government-sponsored enterprises (“GSEs”), servicing retained;

•

We are intent upon maintaining an efficient operation; and

•

We grow through accretive acquisitions of other financial institutions, branches, and/or deposits.

Consistent with this business model, we produced the following results in the first quarter of 2016:

Asset Growth Management

Consistent with our objective of remaining below the current threshold for a Systemically Important Financial Institution (“SIFI”) through at least the first quarter of 2016, we managed the growth of our assets in the three months ended March 31, 2016. From December 31, 2015 through the end of the current first quarter, our assets declined $1.8 billion to $48.5 billion, resulting in a four-quarter average of $49.1 billion as of March 31st.

Two primary factors contributed to the linked-quarter decline in total assets:

•

While originations of multi-family and commercial real estate (“CRE”) loans totaled $1.7 billion in the current first quarter, we limited the impact on our total assets by selling loans of $579.9 million, primarily through participations, during that time.

•

The low level of market interest rates triggered a significant volume of securities prepayments during the current first quarter. As a result, the securities portfolio declined $2.0 billion from the balance at the end of December to $4.2 billion at March 31, 2016.

Given the significant decline in total assets over the course of the current first quarter, we no longer expect to cross over the SIFI threshold in the second quarter of 2016.

Loan Growth

Non-covered loans held for investment rose $412.7 million sequentially and $3.2 billion year-over-year to $36.2 billion at March 31, 2016. While the volume of loans originated for investment declined $1.6 billion sequentially and $535.7 million year-over-year to $2.1 billion in the current first quarter, we exceeded the $1.9 billion pipeline we had reported on January 27, 2016.

Multi-family loans represented $1.6 billion, or 73.7%, of the held-for-investment loans we originated during the quarter, reflecting a sequential decrease of $1.2 billion and a year-over-year decrease of $93.7 million. While the fourth quarter of the year is typically our most robust quarter in terms of loan production, the sequential decline in multi-family loan originations largely reflects a decrease in property transactions from last year’s record levels as well as a decrease in refinancing activity attributable to the low level of market interest rates.

Asset Quality

Notwithstanding a modest rise in non-performing non-covered assets, our asset quality measures remained among the best we have recorded since 2008. Non-performing non-covered assets represented 0.14% of total non-covered assets at the end of the current first quarter, one basis point higher than the trailing-quarter measure and 15 basis points below the measure at March 31, 2015.

Loans 30 to 89 days past due declined $3.4 million sequentially and $3.6 million year-over-year to $3.2 million at March 31, 2016. In addition, we recorded net recoveries of $933,000 over the three months ended at that date.

Net Interest Income and Margin

In the fourth quarter of 2015, we prepaid $10.4 billion of wholesale borrowings having an average cost of 3.16% and replaced them with a like amount of wholesale borrowings having an average cost of 1.58%. The benefit of this strategic debt repositioning was reflected in the interest expense on borrowed funds, which declined $40.4 million year-over-year to $55.2 million in the current first quarter, and in our cost of borrowed funds, which declined to 1.47% from 2.72% during that time.

The benefit is also reflected in our first quarter 2016 net interest income, which rose $35.1 million year-over-year to $327.9 million, and in our net interest margin, which rose 26 basis points year-over-year to 2.94%.

The benefit of the repositioning was partly offset by a decline in prepayment income from loans and securities, which together contributed $23.7 million to net interest income in the current first quarter, as compared to $34.3 million in the year-earlier three months. Similarly, prepayment income from loans and securities together contributed 22 basis points to the current first-quarter margin, as compared to 32 basis points in the first three months of the prior year. Absent the contributions of prepayment income in the respective quarters, our net interest margin was 2.72% in the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2.36% in the three months ended March 31, 2015.

As more fully discussed under “Net Interest Income,” comparison of our first quarter 2016 net interest income and margin with the trailing-quarter amount and measure is less meaningful than the year-over-year comparison, due to the impact of the $773.8 million debt repositioning charge recorded as interest expense in the trailing quarter in connection with the prepayment of wholesale borrowings.

The year-over-year increase in net interest income more than offset the impact of a $17.0 million decline in non-interest income to $35.2 million which was largely attributable to a $14.3 million decrease in mortgage banking income to $4.1 million. In the first quarter of 2016, we recorded a $9.5 million servicing loss, rather than servicing income, primarily due to a change in the valuation model assumptions relating to our mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”).

Expense Management

Operating expenses totaled $156.4 million in the current first quarter, reflecting a linked-quarter decrease of $7.3 million and a comparatively modest increase of $1.1 million year-over-year.

In the fourth quarter of 2015, our operating expenses were increased by the inclusion of $5.4 million of non-income taxes that were related to the aforementioned debt repositioning charge. These non-income taxes were recorded as general and administrative (“G&A”) expense in operating expenses and accounted for the bulk of the difference between the levels of operating expenses recorded in the current and trailing three-month periods.

In addition, we recorded merger-related expenses of $1.2 million in the current first quarter as compared to $3.7 million in the fourth quarter of last year.

Reflecting these factors, and others, we generated earnings of $129.9 million, or $0.27 per diluted share, in the three months ended March 31, 2016.

External Factors

The following is a discussion of certain external factors that tend to influence our financial performance and the strategic actions we take:

Interest Rates

Among the external factors that tend to influence our performance, the interest rate environment is key.

The cost of our deposits and borrowed funds is largely based on short-term rates of interest, the level of which is partially impacted by the actions of the Federal Open Market Committee of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors (the “FOMC”) and

market interest rates. On December 17, 2015, the FOMC raised the target fed funds rate to a range of 0.25% to 0.50%. This was the first time and, thus far, only time, the rate has been raised since the fourth quarter of 2008, when it was reduced to a range of zero to 0.25%.

Just as short-term interest rates affect the cost of our deposits and that of the funds we borrow, market interest rates affect the yields on the loans we produce for investment and the securities in which we invest. As further discussed under “Loans Held for Investment” later on in this discussion, the interest rates on our multi-family and CRE loans generally are based on the five-year Constant Maturity Treasury Rate (the “five-year CMT”).

The following table summarizes the high, low, and average five- and ten-year CMTs in the three months ended March 31, 2016, December 31, 2015, and March 31, 2015:


	Five-Year Constant Maturity Treasury Rate										Ten-Year Constant Maturity Treasury Rate
	March 31, 2016			December 31, 2015			March 31, 2015				March 31, 2016			December 31, 2015			March 31, 2015

High		1.73	%		1.81	%		1.70	%	High		2.25	%		2.36	%		2.24	%
Low		1.11			1.29			1.18		Low		1.63			1.99			1.68
Average		1.37			1.58			1.46		Average		1.91			2.19			1.97

In addition, residential market interest rates impact the volume of one-to-four family mortgage loans we originate in any given quarter, directly affecting new home purchases and refinancing activity. Accordingly, when residential mortgage interest rates are low, refinancing activity typically increases; as residential mortgage interest rates begin to rise, the refinancing of one-to-four family mortgage loans typically declines. In the first three months of 2016, we originated $899.1 million of one-to-four family mortgage loans for sale through our mortgage banking division, $66.6 million more than we produced in the trailing-quarter and $593.1 million less than we produced in the first three months of 2015.

Changes in market interest rates generally have a lesser impact on our multi-family and CRE loans than on our one-to-four family mortgage loans. Because the multi-family and CRE loans we produce generate income when they prepay (which is recorded as interest income), the impact of prepayment activity can be especially meaningful. With property transactions declining from the prior year’s highs, and refinancing activity slowing, prepayment income from loans contributed $11.0 million to interest income in the current first quarter, as compared to $17.4 million and $30.1 million, respectively, in the trailing and year-earlier three months.

Economic Indicators

While we attribute our asset quality to the nature of the loans we produce and our conservative underwriting standards, the quality of our assets can also be impacted by economic conditions in our local markets and throughout the United States. The information that follows consists of recent economic data that we consider to be germane to our performance and the markets we serve.

The following table presents the unemployment rates for the United States and our key deposit markets in the months ended March 31, 2016, December 31, 2015, and March 31, 2015. While unemployment declined year-over-year in each of these markets, the sequential comparison indicates a nationwide increase as well as an increase in New York City, New York State, New Jersey, and Ohio.


	For the Month Ended
	March 31, 2016			December 31, 2015			March 31, 2015
Unemployment rate:
United States		5.1	%		4.8	%		5.6	%
New York City		5.7			5.0			6.1
Arizona		5.1			5.5			6.0
Florida		4.7			4.8			5.4
New Jersey		5.0			4.3			6.5
New York		5.2			4.7			5.7
Ohio		5.4			4.6			5.2

(Source: U.S. Department of Labor)

Another key economic indicator is the Consumer Price Index (the “CPI”), which measures the average change over time in the prices paid by urban consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services. The following table indicates the change in the CPI for the twelve months ended at each of the indicated dates:


	For the Twelve Months Ended
	March 2016			December 2015			March 2015
Change in prices:		0.1	%		0.7	%		(0.1	)%

Given the impact that home prices have on residential mortgage lending, we believe the S&P/Case-Shiller Home Price Index is an important economic indicator for the Company. According to this index, home prices rose 5.3% across the U.S. in the twelve months ended February 2016, as compared to 5.4% and 4.1%, respectively, in the twelve months ended December 2015 and March 2015.

In addition, the volume of new home sales nationwide was at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 511,000 in March 2016, according to estimates set forth in a U.S. Department of Commerce report issued on April 25, 2016. The March 2016 rate was 1.5% lower than the rate reported in February 2016 and 5.4% above the rate reported in March 2015.

Yet another pertinent economic indicator is the residential rental vacancy rate in New York, as reported by the U.S. Department of Commerce, and the office vacancy rate in Manhattan, as reported by a leading commercial real estate broker, Jones Lang LaSalle. These measures are important in view of the fact that 75.0% of our multi-family loans and 87.0% of our CRE loans are secured by properties in New York, with Manhattan accounting for 30.6% and 52.4% of our multi-family and CRE loans, respectively. As reflected in the following table, residential rental vacancy rates rose year-over-year and linked-quarter, while office vacancy rates in Manhattan rose sequentially and were flat year-over-year.


	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2016			December 31, 2015			March 31, 2015
Residential rental vacancy rates:
New York		5.4	%		5.0	%		4.6	%
Manhattan office vacancy rate:		10.0			9.6			10.0

In addition, the Consumer Confidence Index^® fell slightly to 96.1 in March 2016 from 96.5 in December and from 101.3 in March 2015. An index level of 90 or more is considered indicative of a strong economy.

Recent Events

Dividend Declaration

On April 19, 2016, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.17 per share, payable on May 17, 2016 to shareholders of record at the close of business on May 6, 2016.

Proposed Merger with Astoria Financial Corporation

On April 26, 2016, shareholders of both companies approved the proposed merger of Astoria Financial Corporation (“Astoria Financial”) and the Company. Pending regulatory approval, and subject to the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of October 28, 2015, Astoria Financial will merge with and into the Company, and Astoria Bank, Astoria Financial’s primary subsidiary, will merge with and into the Community Bank.

Critical Accounting Policies

We consider certain accounting policies to be critically important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations, since they require management to make complex or subjective judgments, some of which may relate to matters that are inherently uncertain. The inherent sensitivity of our consolidated financial statements to these critical accounting policies, and the judgments, estimates, and assumptions used therein, could have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

We have identified the following to be critical accounting policies: the determination of the allowances for loan losses; the valuation of MSRs; the determination of whether an impairment of securities is other than temporary; the determination of the amount, if any, of goodwill impairment; and the determination of the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets.

The judgments used by management in applying these critical accounting policies may be influenced by adverse changes in the economic environment, which may result in changes to future financial results.

Allowances for Loan Losses

Allowance for Losses on Non-Covered Loans

The allowance for losses on non-covered loans represents our estimate of probable and estimable losses inherent in the non-covered loan portfolio as of the date of the balance sheet. Losses on non-covered loans are charged against, and recoveries of losses on non-covered loans are credited back to, the allowance for losses on non-covered loans.

Although non-covered loans are held by either the Community Bank or the Commercial Bank, and a separate loan loss allowance is established for each, the total of the two allowances is available to cover all losses incurred. In addition, except as otherwise noted in the following discussion, the process for establishing the allowance for losses on non-covered loans is largely the same for each of the Community Bank and the Commercial Bank.

The methodology used for the allocation of the allowance for non-covered loan losses at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 was also generally comparable, whereby the Community Bank and the Commercial Bank segregated their loss factors (used for both criticized and non-criticized loans) into a component that was primarily based on historical loss rates and a component that was primarily based on other qualitative factors that are probable to affect loan collectability. In determining the respective allowances for non-covered loan losses, management considers the Community Bank’s and the Commercial Bank’s current business strategies and credit processes, including compliance with applicable regulatory guidelines and with guidelines approved by the respective Boards of Directors with regard to credit limitations, loan approvals, underwriting criteria, and loan workout procedures.

The allowance for losses on non-covered loans is established based on management’s evaluation of incurred losses in the portfolio in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), and is comprised of both specific valuation allowances and general valuation allowances.

Specific valuation allowances are established based on management’s analyses of individual loans that are considered impaired. If a non-covered loan is deemed to be impaired, management measures the extent of the impairment and establishes a specific valuation allowance for that amount. A non-covered loan is classified as “impaired” when, based on current information and/or events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due under the contractual terms of the loan agreement. We apply this classification as necessary to non-covered loans individually evaluated for impairment in our portfolios. Smaller-balance homogenous loans and loans carried at the lower of cost or fair value are evaluated for impairment on a collective, rather than individual, basis. Loans to certain borrowers who have experienced financial difficulty and for which the terms have been modified, resulting in a concession, are considered troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) and are classified as impaired.

We generally measure impairment on an individual loan and determine the extent to which a specific valuation allowance is necessary by comparing the loan’s outstanding balance to either the fair value of the collateral, less the estimated cost to sell, or the present value of expected cash flows, discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate. Generally, when the fair value of the collateral, net of the estimated costs to sell, or the present value of the expected cash flows is less than the recorded investment in the loan, any shortfall is promptly charged off.

We also follow a process to assign general valuation allowances to non-covered loan categories. General valuation allowances are established by applying our loan loss provisioning methodology, and reflect the inherent risk in outstanding held-for-investment loans. This loan loss provisioning methodology considers various factors in determining the appropriate quantified risk factors to use to determine the general valuation allowances. The factors assessed begin with the historical loan loss experience for each major loan category. We also take into account an estimated historical loss emergence period (which is the period of time between the event that triggers a loss and the confirmation and/or charge-off of that loss) for each loan portfolio segment. During 2015, this methodology was enhanced by estimating the loss emergence period using a more granular segmentation approach.

The allocation methodology consists of the following components: First, we determine an allowance for loan losses based on a quantitative loss factor for loans evaluated collectively for impairment. This quantitative loss factor is based primarily on historical loss rates, after considering loan type, historical loss and delinquency experience, and loss emergence periods. The quantitative loss factors applied in the methodology are periodically re-evaluated and adjusted to reflect changes in historical loss levels, loss emergence periods, or other risks. Lastly, we allocate an allowance for loan losses based on qualitative loss factors. These qualitative loss factors are designed to account for losses that may not be provided for by the quantitative loss component due to other factors evaluated by management, which include, but are not limited to:

•

Changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and collection, and charge-off and recovery practices;

•

Changes in international, national, regional, and local economic and business conditions and developments that affect the collectability of the portfolio, including the condition of various market segments;

•

Changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio and in the terms of loans;

•

Changes in the volume and severity of past-due loans, the volume of non-accrual loans, and the volume and severity of adversely classified or graded loans;

•

Changes in the quality of our loan review system;

•

Changes in the value of the underlying collateral for collateral-dependent loans;

•

The existence and effect of any concentrations of credit, and changes in the level of such concentrations;

•

Changes in the experience, ability, and depth of lending management and other relevant staff; and

•

The effect of other external factors, such as competition and legal and regulatory requirements, on the level of estimated credit losses in the existing portfolio.

By considering the factors discussed above, we determine an allowance for non-covered loan losses that is applied to each significant loan portfolio segment to determine the total allowance for losses on non-covered loans.

The historical loss period we use to determine the allowance for loan losses on non-covered loans is a rolling 24-quarter look-back period, as we believe this produces an appropriate reflection of our historical loss experience.

The process of establishing the allowance for losses on non-covered loans also involves:

•

Periodic inspections of the loan collateral by qualified in-house and external property appraisers/inspectors;

•

Regular meetings of executive management with the pertinent Board committee, during which observable trends in the local economy and/or the real estate market are discussed;

•

Assessment of the aforementioned factors by the pertinent members of the Boards of Directors and management when making a business judgment regarding the impact of anticipated changes on the future level of loan losses; and

•

Analysis of the portfolio in the aggregate, as well as on an individual loan basis, taking into consideration payment history, underwriting analyses, and internal risk ratings.

In order to determine their overall adequacy, each of the respective non-covered loan loss allowances is reviewed quarterly by management and the Board of Directors of the Community Bank or the Commercial Bank, as applicable.

We charge off loans, or portions of loans, in the period that such loans, or portions thereof, are deemed uncollectible. The collectability of individual loans is determined through an assessment of the financial condition and repayment capacity of the borrower and/or through an estimate of the fair value of any underlying collateral. For non-real estate-related consumer credits, the following past-due time periods determine when charge-offs are typically recorded: (1) Closed-end credits are charged off in the quarter that the loan becomes 120 days past due; (2) Open-end credits are charged off in the quarter that the loan becomes 180 days past due; and (3) Both closed-end and open-end credits are typically charged off in the quarter that the credit is 60 days past the date we received notification that the borrower has filed for bankruptcy.

The level of future additions to the respective non-covered loan loss allowances is based on many factors, including certain factors that are beyond management’s control, such as changes in economic and local market conditions, including declines in real estate values, and increases in vacancy rates and unemployment. Management uses the best available information to recognize losses on loans or to make additions to the loan loss allowances; however, the Community Bank and/or the Commercial Bank may be required to take certain charge-offs and/or recognize further additions to their loan loss allowances, based on the judgment of regulatory agencies with regard to information provided to them during their examinations of the Banks.

An allowance for unfunded commitments is maintained separate from the allowances for non-covered loan losses and is included in “Other liabilities” in the Consolidated Statements of Condition.

Allowance for Losses on Covered Loans

We have elected to account for the loans acquired in our FDIC-assisted acquisitions of AmTrust Bank (“AmTrust”) and Desert Hills Bank (“Desert Hills”) (our “covered loans”) based on expected cash flows. This election is in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 310-30, “Loans and Debt

Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality” (“ASC 310-30”). In accordance with ASC 310-30, we maintain the integrity of a pool of multiple loans accounted for as a single asset with a single composite interest rate and an aggregate expectation of cash flows.

Covered loans are reported exclusive of the FDIC loss share receivable. The covered loans acquired in the AmTrust and Desert Hills acquisitions are reviewed for collectability based on the expectations of cash flows from these loans. Covered loans have been aggregated into pools of loans with common characteristics. In determining the allowance for losses on covered loans, we periodically perform an analysis to estimate the expected cash flows for each of the loan pools. A provision for losses on covered loans is recorded to the extent that the expected cash flows from a loan pool have decreased for credit-related items since the acquisition date. Accordingly, during the loss share recovery period, if there is a decrease in expected cash flows due to an increase in estimated credit losses as compared to the estimates made at the respective acquisition dates, the decrease in the present value of expected cash flows will be recorded as a provision for covered loan losses charged to earnings, and the allowance for covered loan losses will be increased. During the loss share recovery period, a related credit to non-interest income and an increase in the FDIC loss share receivable will be recognized at the same time, and will be measured based on the applicable loss sharing agreement percentage.

Please see Note 6, “Allowances for Loan Losses” for a further discussion of our allowance for losses on covered loans, as well as additional information about our allowance for losses on non-covered loans.

Mortgage Servicing Rights

We recognize the rights to service mortgage loans for others as a separate asset referred to as “mortgage servicing rights,” or “MSRs.” MSRs are generally recognized when loans are sold whole or in part (i.e., as a “participation”), and the servicing is retained by us. Both of the Company’s two classes of MSRs, residential and participation, are initially recorded at fair value. While residential MSRs continue to be carried at fair value, participation MSRs are subsequently amortized on a quarterly basis and carried at the lower of their fair value or amortized amount. The amortization is recorded in proportion to, and over the period of, estimated net servicing income.

We base the fair value of our MSRs on a valuation performed by a third-party valuation specialist. This specialist determines fair value based on the present value of estimated future net servicing income cash flows, and incorporates assumptions that market participants would use to estimate fair value, including estimates of prepayment speeds, discount rates, default rates, refinance rates, servicing costs, escrow account earnings, contractual servicing fee income, and ancillary income. The specialist and the Company evaluate, and periodically adjust, as necessary, these underlying inputs and assumptions to reflect market conditions and changes in the assumptions that a market participant would consider in valuing MSRs.

Changes in the fair value of MSRs occur primarily in connection with the collection/realization of expected cash flows, as well as changes in the valuation inputs and assumptions. Changes in the fair value of residential MSRs are reported in “Mortgage banking income” and changes in the value of participation MSRs are reported in “Other income” in the period during which such changes occur.

Investment Securities

The securities portfolio primarily consists of mortgage-related securities and, to a lesser extent, debt and equity (together, “other”) securities. Securities that are classified as “available for sale” are carried at their estimated fair value, with any unrealized gains or losses, net of taxes, reported as accumulated other comprehensive income or loss in stockholders’ equity. Securities that we have the intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as “held to maturity” and carried at amortized cost, less the non-credit portion of other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax (“AOCL”).

The fair values of our securities, and particularly of our fixed-rate securities, are affected by changes in market interest rates and credit spreads. In general, as interest rates rise and/or credit spreads widen, the fair value of fixed-rate securities will decline; as interest rates fall and/or credit spreads tighten, the fair value of fixed-rate securities will rise. We regularly conduct a review and evaluation of our securities portfolio to determine if the decline in the fair value of any security below its carrying amount is other than temporary. If we deem any decline in value to be other than temporary, the security is written down to its current fair value, creating a new cost basis, and the resultant loss (other than the OTTI on debt securities attributable to non-credit factors) is charged against earnings and recorded in “Non-interest income.” Our assessment of a decline in fair value requires judgment as to the financial position and future prospects of the entity that issued the investment security, as well as a review of the security’s underlying collateral. Broad changes in the overall market or interest rate environment generally will not lead to a write-down.

In accordance with OTTI accounting guidance, unless we have the intent to sell, or it is more likely than not that we may be required to sell a security before recovery, OTTI is recognized as a realized loss in earnings to the extent that the decline in fair value is credit-related. If there is a decline in fair value of a security below its carrying amount and we have the intent to sell it, or it is more likely than not that we may be required to sell the security before recovery, the entire amount of the decline in fair value is charged to earnings.

Goodwill Impairment

Goodwill is presumed to have an indefinite useful life and is tested for impairment, rather than amortized, at the reporting unit level, at least once a year. We performed our annual goodwill impairment test as of December 31, 2015 and found no indication of goodwill impairment at that date.

In addition to being tested annually, goodwill would be tested in less than one year’s time if there were a “triggering event.” During the three months ended March 31, 2016, no triggering events were identified.

The goodwill impairment analysis is a two-step test. However, a company can, under Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-08, “Testing Goodwill for Impairment,” first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. Under ASU No. 2011-08, an entity is not required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines, based on a qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount. The Company did not elect to perform a qualitative assessment of its goodwill in 2015. The first step (“Step 1”) is used to identify potential impairment, and involves comparing each reporting segment’s estimated fair value to its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the estimated fair value of a reporting segment exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill is not considered to be impaired. If the carrying amount exceeds the estimated fair value, there is an indication of potential impairment and the second step (“Step 2”) is performed to measure the amount.

Step 2 involves calculating an implied fair value of goodwill for each reporting segment for which impairment was indicated in Step 1. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in a manner similar to the method for determining the amount of goodwill calculated in a business combination, i.e., by measuring the excess of the estimated fair value of the reporting segment, as determined in Step 1, over the aggregate estimated fair values of the individual assets, liabilities, and identifiable intangibles, as if the reporting segment were being acquired in a business combination at the impairment test date. If the implied fair value of goodwill exceeds the carrying amount of goodwill assigned to the reporting segment, there is no impairment. If the carrying amount of goodwill assigned to a reporting segment exceeds the implied fair value of the goodwill, an impairment charge is recorded for the excess. An impairment loss cannot exceed the carrying amount of goodwill assigned to a reporting segment, and the loss establishes a new basis in the goodwill. Subsequent reversal of goodwill impairment losses is not permitted.

Quoted market prices in active markets are the best evidence of fair value and are used as the basis for measurement, when available. Other acceptable valuation methods include present-value measurements based on multiples of earnings or revenues, or similar performance measures. Differences in the identification of reporting units and in valuation techniques could result in materially different evaluations of impairment.

For the purpose of goodwill impairment testing, management has determined that the Company has two reporting segments: Banking Operations and Residential Mortgage Banking. All of our recorded goodwill has resulted from prior acquisitions and, accordingly, is attributed to Banking Operations. There is no goodwill associated with Residential Mortgage Banking, as this segment was acquired in our FDIC-assisted AmTrust acquisition, which resulted in a bargain purchase gain. In order to perform our annual goodwill impairment test, we determined the carrying value of the Banking Operations segment to be the carrying value of the Company and compared it to the fair value of the Company.

Income Taxes

In estimating income taxes, management assesses the relative merits and risks of the tax treatment of transactions, taking into account statutory, judicial, and regulatory guidance in the context of our tax position. In this process, management also relies on tax opinions, recent audits, and historical experience. Although we use the best available information to record income taxes, underlying estimates and assumptions can change over time as a result of unanticipated events or circumstances such as changes in tax laws and judicial guidance influencing our overall or transaction-specific tax position.

We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and the carryforward of certain tax attributes such as net operating losses. A valuation allowance is maintained for deferred tax assets that we estimate are more likely than not to be unrealizable, based on available evidence at the time the estimate is made. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, we estimate future taxable income, considering the prudence and feasibility of tax planning strategies and the realizability of tax loss carryforwards. Valuation allowances related to deferred tax assets can be affected by

changes to tax laws, statutory tax rates, and future taxable income levels. In the event we were to determine that we would not be able to realize all or a portion of our net deferred tax assets in the future, we would reduce such amounts through a charge to income tax expense in the period in which that determination was made. Conversely, if we were to determine that we would be able to realize our deferred tax assets in the future in excess of the net carrying amounts, we would decrease the recorded valuation allowance through a decrease in income tax expense in the period in which that determination was made. Subsequently recognized tax benefits associated with valuation allowances recorded in a business combination would be recorded as an adjustment to goodwill.

Balance Sheet Summary

Total assets declined $1.8 billion in the first three months of 2016 to $48.5 billion at March 31st. The reduction was largely the net effect of a $2.0 billion decline in securities to $4.2 billion, primarily reflecting prepayments, and a $441.9 million increase in loans, net, to $38.5 billion.

Primarily reflecting an increase in non-interest-bearing deposits, total deposits rose $555.6 million in the current first quarter, to $29.0 billion, while borrowed funds declined $2.4 billion to $13.3 billion.

Stockholders’ equity rose $50.1 million sequentially to $6.0 billion, representing 12.34% of total assets and a book value per share of $12.29 at March 31, 2016.

Loans

At March 31, 2016, loans, net, represented $38.5 billion, or 79.3%, of total assets, up $441.9 million from the balance at December 31, 2015. Included in the March 31st amount were covered loans, net of $2.0 billion; non-covered loans held for investment, net, of $36.0 billion; and non-covered loans held for sale of $471.3 million, as more fully discussed below.

Covered Loans

“Covered loans” refers to certain loans we acquired in our FDIC-assisted AmTrust and Desert Hills transactions, and are referred to as such because they are covered by loss sharing agreements with the FDIC. At the time of each acquisition, the loss sharing agreements each required the FDIC to reimburse us for 80% of losses up to a specified threshold, and for 95% of losses beyond that threshold, with respect to covered loans and covered other real estate owned (“OREO”).

The length of the agreements depended on the types of loans that were covered, with the agreements covering one-to-four family loans and home equity loans extending for ten years from the date of acquisition, and all other covered loans and OREO extending for five years from the acquisition dates. Accordingly, in March 2015, approximately $23.4 million of other covered loans and $942,000 of OREO acquired in our Desert Hills transaction were transferred to our portfolio of held-for-investment loans.

Primarily reflecting repayments, covered loans declined $74.0 million from the balance at the end of December to $2.0 billion, representing 5.1% of total loans, at March 31, 2016. One-to-four family loans represented $1.9 billion of total covered loans at the end of the current first quarter, with all other loan types (primarily consisting of home equity lines of credit, or “HELOCs”) representing $132.4 million, combined.

At March 31, 2016, $1.4 billion, or 68.8%, of our covered loans were adjustable rate loans, with a weighted average interest rate of 3.52%. The remainder of the covered loan portfolio at that date consisted of fixed rate loans. The interest rates on the adjustable rate loans in the covered loan portfolio are indexed to the one-year LIBOR or the one-year Treasury rate, plus a spread in the range of 2% to 5%, subject to certain caps.

Geographical Analysis of the Covered Loan Portfolio

The following table presents a geographical analysis of our covered loan portfolio at March 31, 2016:


(in thousands)
California	$	347,475
Florida		331,935
Arizona		147,785
Ohio		119,450
Massachusetts		97,257
Michigan		91,813
New York		73,584
Illinois		70,643
Maryland		57,342
New Jersey		52,222
Nevada		50,424
All other states		546,124

Total covered loans	$	1,986,054

Non-Covered Loans Held for Investment

Non-covered loans held for investment rose $412.7 million in the first three months of this year to $36.2 billion, representing 93.6% of total loans at March 31, 2016. In addition to multi-family loans and CRE loans, the held-for-investment portfolio includes substantially smaller balances of one-to-four family loans; acquisition, development, and construction (“ADC”) loans; and other loans, with specialty finance loans and leases and other commercial and industrial (“C&I”) loans comprising the bulk of the “Other loan” portfolio.

Originations of non-covered loans held for investment totaled $2.1 billion in the current first quarter, down $1.6 billion from the trailing-quarter’s volume and $535.7 million from the year-earlier amount. While the volume of loans produced for investment is typically more robust in the fourth quarter of the year than in any other quarter, the linked-quarter decline was also due to a reduction in property transactions and refinancing activity in our primary lending niche, as further discussed below.

The following table presents information about the loans held for investment we originated in the three months ended March 31, 2016, December 31, 2015, and March 31, 2015:


	For the Three Months Ended
(in thousands)	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015		March 31, 2015
Mortgage Loans Originated for Investment:
Multi-family	$	1,580,787	$	2,778,623	$	1,674,446
Commercial real estate		81,423		492,883		610,874
One-to-four family		75,207		12,863		788
Acquisition, development, and construction		39,145		13,433		70,794

Total mortgage loans originated for investment	$	1,776,562	$	3,297,802	$	2,356,902

Other Loans Originated for Investment:
Specialty finance	$	197,212	$	334,525	$	230,670
Other commercial and industrial		170,359		87,001		91,501
Other		910		1,008		1,676

Total other loans originated for investment	$	368,481	$	422,534	$	323,847

Total loans originated for investment	$	2,145,043	$	3,720,336	$	2,680,749

The individual held-for-investment loan portfolios are discussed in detail below.

Multi-Family Loans

Multi-family loans are our principal asset. The loans we produce are primarily secured by non-luxury residential apartment buildings in N