10-Q


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

þ
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2016
or
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                     to                     .
Commission file number: 000-50600
 
 
Blackbaud, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
 
Delaware
11-2617163
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

2000 Daniel Island Drive
Charleston, South Carolina 29492
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
(843) 216-6200
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    
YES  þ    NO  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
YES  þ    NO  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer    þ
Accelerated filer                      
¨
Non-accelerated filer      ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company    
¨
Indicate by check mark whether registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
YES  ¨  NO  þ
The number of shares of the registrant’s Common Stock outstanding as of April 26, 2016 was 47,496,620.






TABLE OF CONTENTS

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q
1
Table of Contents

Blackbaud, Inc.

 
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including the documents incorporated herein by reference, contains forward-looking statements that anticipate results based on our estimates, assumptions and plans that are subject to uncertainty. These "forward-looking statements" are made subject to the safe-harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements consist of, among other things, trend analyses, statements regarding future events, future financial performance, our anticipated growth, the effect of general economic and market conditions, our business strategy and our plan to build and grow our business, our operating results, our ability to successfully integrate acquired businesses and technologies, the effect of foreign currency exchange rate and interest rate fluctuations on our financial results, the impact of expensing stock-based compensation, the sufficiency of our capital resources, our ability to meet our ongoing debt and obligations as they become due, and potential litigation involving us, all of which are based on current expectations, estimates, and forecasts, and the beliefs and assumptions of our management. Words such as “believes,” “seeks,” “expects,” “may,” “might,” “should,” “intends,” “could,” “would,” “likely,” “will,” “targets,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “aims,” “projects,” “estimates” or any variations of such words and similar expressions are also intended to identify such forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Accordingly, they should not be viewed as assurances of future performance, and actual results may differ materially and adversely from those expressed in any forward-looking statements.
Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations expressed in forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those summarized under “Item 1A. Risk factors” and elsewhere in this report, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and in our other SEC filings. Forward-looking statements represent our management's beliefs and assumptions only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, or to update the reasons actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

2
First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q


 
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Blackbaud, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands)
March 31,
2016

December 31,
2015

Assets
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
12,084

$
15,362

Restricted cash due to customers
115,000

255,038

Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $4,541 and $4,943 at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively
78,456

80,046

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
48,435

48,666

Total current assets
253,975

399,112

Property and equipment, net
54,543

52,651

Software development costs, net
23,021

19,551

Goodwill
435,994

436,449

Intangible assets, net
284,188

294,672

Other assets
20,207

20,901

Total assets
$
1,071,928

$
1,223,336

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
Trade accounts payable
$
18,286

$
19,208

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
37,577

57,461

Due to customers
115,000

255,038

Debt, current portion
4,375

4,375

Deferred revenue, current portion
222,415

230,216

Total current liabilities
397,653

566,298

Debt, net of current portion
417,989

403,712

Deferred tax liability
28,546

27,996

Deferred revenue, net of current portion
6,583

7,119

Other liabilities
8,000

7,623

Total liabilities
858,771

1,012,748

Commitments and contingencies (see Note 10)


Stockholders’ equity:
 
 
Preferred stock; 20,000,000 shares authorized, none outstanding
—

—

Common stock, $0.001 par value; 180,000,000 shares authorized, 57,496,559 and 56,873,817 shares issued at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively
57

57

Additional paid-in capital
285,376

276,340

Treasury stock, at cost; 10,007,715 and 9,903,071 shares at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively
(205,377
)
(199,861
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(1,091
)
(825
)
Retained earnings
134,192

134,877

Total stockholders’ equity
213,157

210,588

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
1,071,928

$
1,223,336

 
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q
3



Blackbaud, Inc.
Consolidated statements of comprehensive income
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
Three months ended 
 March 31,
 
2016

2015

Revenue
 
 
Subscriptions
$
96,851

$
72,513

Maintenance
37,160

38,896

Services
32,414

31,306

License fees and other
2,831

4,278

Total revenue
169,256

146,993

Cost of revenue
 
 
Cost of subscriptions
49,672

36,178

Cost of maintenance
5,323

7,502

Cost of services
24,319

26,971

Cost of license fees and other
602

1,161

Total cost of revenue
79,916

71,812

Gross profit
89,340

75,181

Operating expenses
 
 
Sales, marketing and customer success
35,614

28,562

Research and development
22,779

21,276

General and administrative
19,756

16,843

Amortization
752

488

Total operating expenses
78,901

67,169

Income from operations
10,439

8,012

Interest expense
(2,675
)
(1,686
)
Other expense, net
(105
)
(287
)
Income before provision for income taxes
7,659

6,039

Income tax provision
2,664

1,754

Net income
$
4,995

$
4,285

Earnings per share
 
 
Basic
$
0.11

$
0.09

Diluted
$
0.11

$
0.09

Common shares and equivalents outstanding
 
 
Basic weighted average shares
45,967,863

45,529,668

Diluted weighted average shares
46,757,458

46,168,096

Dividends per share
$
0.12

$
0.12

Other comprehensive (loss) income
 
 
Foreign currency translation adjustment
403

(326
)
Unrealized loss on derivative instruments, net of tax
(669
)
(469
)
Total other comprehensive loss
(266
)
(795
)
Comprehensive income
$
4,729

$
3,490

 
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

4
First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q

Blackbaud, Inc.
Consolidated statements of cash flows
(Unaudited)
 
Three months ended 
 March 31,
 
(dollars in thousands)
2016

2015

Cash flows from operating activities
 
 
Net income
$
4,995

$
4,285

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
17,609

13,678

Provision for doubtful accounts and sales returns
1,017

1,358

Stock-based compensation expense
7,916

5,102

Excess tax benefits from exercise and vesting of stock-based compensation
(1,137
)
(584
)
Deferred taxes
558

(886
)
Amortization of deferred financing costs and discount
239

210

Other non-cash adjustments
(217
)
524

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisition and disposal of businesses:
 
 
Accounts receivable
817

555

Prepaid expenses and other assets
1,846

3,633

Trade accounts payable
139

(111
)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
(24,795
)
(18,768
)
Restricted cash due to customers
141,055

82,140

Due to customers
(141,055
)
(82,140
)
Deferred revenue
(8,883
)
(4,765
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
104

4,231

Cash flows from investing activities
 
 
Purchase of property and equipment
(7,837
)
(2,521
)
Capitalized software development costs
(5,798
)
(3,129
)
Net cash used in investing activities
(13,635
)
(5,650
)
Cash flows from financing activities
 
 
Proceeds from issuance of debt
74,600

41,800

Payments on debt
(60,494
)
(36,694
)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
3

11

Excess tax benefits from exercise and vesting of stock-based compensation
1,137

584

Dividend payments to stockholders
(5,700
)
(5,626
)
Net cash provided by financing activities
9,546

75

Effect of exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents
707

(105
)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
(3,278
)
(1,449
)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
15,362

14,735

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
$
12,084

$
13,286

 
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q
5

Blackbaud, Inc.
Consolidated statements of stockholders' equity
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands)
Common stock
 
Additional
paid-in
capital

Treasury
stock

Accumulated
other
comprehensive
loss

Retained
earnings

Total stockholders' equity

Shares

Amount

Balance at December 31, 2014
56,048,135

$
56

$
245,674

$
(190,440
)
$
(1,032
)
$
131,658

$
185,916

Net income
—

—

—

—

—

25,649

25,649

Payment of dividends
—

—

—

—

—

(22,508
)
(22,508
)
Exercise of stock options and stock appreciation rights and vesting of restricted stock units
202,078

—

32

—

—

—

32

Surrender of 163,017 shares upon vesting of restricted stock and restricted stock units and exercise of stock appreciation rights
—

—

—

(9,421
)
—

—

(9,421
)
Excess tax benefits from exercise and vesting of stock-based compensation
—

—

5,466

—

—

—

5,466

Stock-based compensation
—

—

25,168

—

—

78

25,246

Restricted stock grants
736,252

1

—

—

—

—

1

Restricted stock cancellations
(112,648
)
—

—

—

—

—

—

Other comprehensive income
—

—

—

—

207

—

207

Balance at December 31, 2015
56,873,817

$
57

$
276,340

$
(199,861
)
$
(825
)
$
134,877

$
210,588

Net income
—

—

—

—

—

4,995

4,995

Payment of dividends
—

—

—

—

—

(5,700
)
(5,700
)
Exercise of stock options and stock appreciation rights and vesting of restricted stock units
144,941

—

3

—

—

—

3

Surrender of 104,644 shares upon vesting of restricted stock and restricted stock units and exercise of stock appreciation rights
—

—

—

(5,516
)
—

—

(5,516
)
Excess tax benefits from exercise and vesting of stock-based compensation
—

—

1,137

—

—

—

1,137

Stock-based compensation
—

—

7,896

—

—

20

7,916

Restricted stock grants
497,456

—

—

—

—

—

—

Restricted stock cancellations
(19,655
)
—

—

—

—

—

—

Other comprehensive loss
—

—

—

—

(266
)
—

(266
)
Balance at March 31, 2016
57,496,559

$
57

$
285,376

$
(205,377
)
$
(1,091
)
$
134,192

$
213,157

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

6
Third Quarter 2015 Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

Blackbaud, Inc.
Notes to consolidated financial statements
(Unaudited)



1. Organization
We are a leading provider of software and services for the worldwide philanthropic community. We offer a full spectrum of cloud-based and on-premises solutions, as well as a resource network that empowers and connects organizations of all sizes. Our portfolio of software and services supports nonprofit fundraising and relationship management, digital marketing, advocacy, accounting, payments and analytics, as well as grant management, corporate social responsibility, and education. As of March 31, 2016, we had approximately 35,000 active customers including nonprofits, K-12 private and higher education institutions, healthcare organizations, foundations and other charitable giving entities, and corporations.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Unaudited interim consolidated financial statements
The accompanying interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") for interim financial reporting. These consolidated statements are unaudited and, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments and accruals) necessary to state fairly the consolidated balance sheets, consolidated statements of comprehensive income, consolidated statements of cash flows and consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity, for the periods presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP"). The consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2015, has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date. Operating results and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2016, or any other future period. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations for interim reporting of the SEC. These interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, and other forms filed with the SEC from time to time.
Reclassifications

In order to provide comparability between periods presented, "interest income", "loss on sale of business", "loss on debt extinguishment and termination of derivative instruments" and "other income (expense), net" have been combined within "other expense, net" in the previously reported consolidated statements of comprehensive income to conform to presentation of the current period. See Note 7 to these consolidated financial statements for additional details.
Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Blackbaud, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. On an ongoing basis, we reconsider and evaluate our estimates and assumptions, including those that impact revenue recognition, long-lived and intangible assets including goodwill, stock-based compensation, the provision for income taxes, deferred taxes, capitalization of software development costs and related amortization, our allowances for sales returns and doubtful accounts, deferred sales commissions and professional services costs, valuation of derivative instruments, accounting for business combinations and loss contingencies. Changes in the facts or

First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q
7
Table of Contents

Blackbaud, Inc.
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)
(Unaudited)


circumstances underlying these estimates could result in material changes and actual results could materially differ from these estimates.
Revenue recognition
Our revenue is primarily generated from the following sources: (i) charging for the use of our software solutions in cloud-based and hosted environments; (ii) providing software maintenance and support services; (iii) providing professional services including implementation, training, consulting, analytic, hosting and other services; (iv) providing transaction and payment processing services; and (v) selling perpetual licenses of our software solutions.
We recognize revenue when all of the following conditions are met:
•Persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists;
•The solutions or services have been delivered;
•The fee is fixed or determinable; and
•Collection of the resulting receivable is probable.
Determining whether and when these criteria have been met can require significant judgment and estimates. We deem acceptance of a contract to be evidence of an arrangement. Delivery of our services occurs when the services have been performed. Delivery of our solutions occurs when the solution is shipped or transmitted, and title and risk of loss have transferred to the customers. Our typical arrangements do not include customer acceptance provisions; however, if acceptance provisions are provided, delivery is deemed to occur upon acceptance. We consider the fee to be fixed or determinable unless the fee is subject to refund or adjustment or is not payable within our standard payment terms. Payment terms greater than 90 days are considered to be beyond our customary payment terms. Collection is deemed probable if we expect that the customer will be able to pay amounts under the arrangement as they become due. If we determine that collection is not probable, we defer revenue recognition until collection. Revenue is recognized net of actual and estimated sales returns and allowances.
We follow guidance provided in ASC 605-45, Principal Agent Considerations, which states that determining whether a company should recognize revenue based on the gross amount billed to a customer or the net amount retained is a matter of judgment that depends on the facts and circumstances of the arrangement and that certain factors should be considered in the evaluation.
Subscriptions
We provide cloud-based subscription solutions to customers which are available for use in hosted application arrangements without licensing perpetual rights to the software (“hosted applications”). Revenue from hosted applications is recognized ratably beginning on the activation date over the term of the agreement, which generally ranges from one to three years. Any revenue related to upfront activation or set-up fees is deferred and recognized ratably over the estimated period that the customer benefits from the related hosted application. Direct and incremental costs related to upfront activation or set-up activities for hosted applications are capitalized until the hosted application is deployed and in use, and then expensed ratably over the estimated period that the customer benefits from the related hosted application.
We provide hosting services to customers who have purchased perpetual rights to certain of our software solutions (“hosting services”). Revenue from hosting services, online training programs as well as subscription-based analytic services such as data enrichment and data management services, is recognized ratably beginning on the activation date over the term of the agreement, which generally ranges from one to three years. Any related set-up fees are recognized ratably over the estimated period that the customer benefits from the related hosting service. The estimated period of benefit is evaluated on an annual basis using historical customer retention information by solution or service.
For arrangements that have multiple elements and do not include software licenses, we allocate arrangement consideration at the inception of the arrangement to those elements that qualify as separate units of accounting. The arrangement consideration is allocated to the separate units of accounting based on relative selling price method in accordance with the selling price hierarchy, which includes: (i) vendor specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) of fair value if available; (ii) third-

8
First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

Blackbaud, Inc.
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)
(Unaudited)


party evidence (“TPE”) if VSOE is not available; and (iii) best estimate of selling price (“BESP”) if neither VSOE nor TPE is available. In general, we use VSOE to allocate the selling price to subscription and service deliverables.
We offer certain payment processing services with the assistance of third-party vendors. In general, when we are the principal in a transaction based on the predominant weighting of factors identified in ASC 605-45, we record the revenue and related costs on a gross basis. Otherwise, we net the cost of revenue associated with the service against the gross amount billed to the customer and record the net amount as revenue.
Revenue from transaction processing services is recognized when the service is provided and the amounts are determinable. Revenue directly associated with processing donations for customers are included in subscriptions revenue.
Maintenance
We recognize revenue from maintenance services ratably over the term of the arrangement, generally one year at contract inception with annual renewals thereafter. Maintenance contracts are at rates that vary according to the level of the maintenance program associated with the software solution and are generally renewable annually. Maintenance contracts may also include the right to unspecified solution upgrades on an if-and-when available basis. Certain incremental support services are sold in prepaid units of time and recognized as revenue upon their usage.
Services
We generally bill consulting, installation and implementation services based on hourly rates plus reimbursable travel-related expenses. Revenue is recognized for these services over the period the services are delivered.
We recognize analytic services revenue from donor prospect research engagements, the sale of lists of potential donors, benchmarking studies and data modeling service engagements upon delivery. In arrangements where we provide customers the right to updates to the lists during the contract period, revenue is recognized ratably over the contract period.
We sell fixed-rate programs, which permit customers to attend unlimited training over a specified contract period, typically one year, subject to certain restrictions, and revenue in those cases is recognized ratably over the contract period. Additionally, we sell training at a fixed rate for each specific class at a per attendee price or at a packaged price for several attendees, and recognize the related revenue upon the customer attending and completing training.
License fees
We sell perpetual software licenses with maintenance, varying levels of professional services and, in certain instances, with hosting services. We allocate revenue to each of the elements in these arrangements using the residual method under which we first allocate revenue to the undelivered elements, typically the non-software license components, based on VSOE of fair value of the various elements. We determine VSOE of fair value of the various elements using different methods. VSOE of fair value for maintenance services associated with software licenses is based upon renewal rates stated in the arrangements with customers, which demonstrate a consistent relationship of maintenance pricing as a percentage of the contractual license fee. VSOE of fair value of professional services and other solutions and services is based on the average selling price of these same solutions and services to other customers when sold on a stand-alone basis. Any remaining revenue is allocated to the delivered elements, which is normally the software license in the arrangement. In general, revenue is recognized for software licenses upon delivery to our customers.
When a software license is sold with software customization services, generally the services are to provide the customer assistance in creating special reports and other enhancements that will improve operational efficiency and/or help to support business process improvements. These services are generally not essential to the functionality of the software and the related revenues are recognized either as the services are delivered or upon completion. However, when software customization services are considered essential to the functionality of the software, we recognize revenue for both the software license and the services using the percentage-of-completion method.

First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q
9
Table of Contents

Blackbaud, Inc.
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)
(Unaudited)


Deferred revenue
To the extent that our customers are billed for the above described solutions and services in advance of delivery, we record such amounts in deferred revenue. For example, our subscription and maintenance customers are generally billed one year in advance.
Fair value measurements
We measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis, including derivative instruments. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. An active market is defined as a market in which transactions for the asset or liability take place with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis. We use a three-tier fair value hierarchy to measure fair value. This hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels as follows:
•
Level 1 - Quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;
•
Level 2 - Quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active, and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets; and
•
Level 3 - Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are unobservable.
Our financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety within the hierarchy based on the lowest level of input that is significant to fair value measurement. Changes to a financial asset's or liability's level within the fair value hierarchy are determined as of the end of a reporting period. All methods of assessing fair value result in a general approximation of value, and such value may never actually be realized.
Earnings per share
We compute basic earnings per share by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares and dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share reflect the assumed exercise, settlement and vesting of all dilutive securities using the “treasury stock method” except when the effect is anti-dilutive. Potentially dilutive securities consist of shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options, settlement of stock appreciation rights and vesting of restricted stock awards and units.
Recently adopted accounting pronouncements

In September 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2015-16, Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments (ASU 2015-16). ASU 2015-16 requires for acquirers in business combinations to recognize adjustments to provisional amounts identified during measurement periods in the reporting periods in which adjusted amounts are determined. The update requires that acquirers record, in the same period’s financial statements, the effect on earnings of changes in depreciation, amortization or other income effects, if any, resulting from changes in provisional amounts, calculated as if the accounting had been completed at acquisition date. The update also requires separate income statement presentation or note disclosure of amounts recorded in current period earnings by line item that would have been recorded in previous reporting periods if the provisional amount adjustments had been recognized at the acquisition date (requirements to retrospectively account for those adjustments have been eliminated). The guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015, including interim periods within that reporting period. Amendments in this update should be applied prospectively to adjustments to provisional amounts that occur after its effective date, with earlier application permitted for financial statements that have not been issued. We adopted ASU 2015-16 on January 1, 2016. See Note 3 to these consolidated financial statements for details of the immaterial measurement period adjustment recorded during the three months ended March 31, 2016.


10
First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

Blackbaud, Inc.
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)
(Unaudited)


In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-05, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40) - Customer's Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement (ASU 2015-05). The amendments in this update provide guidance to customers about whether a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license. If a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license, the update specifies that the customer should account for the software license element of the arrangement consistent with the acquisition of other software licenses. The update further specifies that the customer should account for a cloud computing arrangement as a service contract if the arrangement does not include a software license. An entity can elect to adopt the amendments either (1) prospectively to all arrangements entered into or materially modified after the effective date or (2) retrospectively. We adopted ASU 2015-05 on January 1, 2016 on a prospective basis and it did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, Interest - Imputation of Interest - Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs (ASU 2015-03). ASU 2015-03 sets forth a requirement that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs is not affected by the amendments in this update. An entity should apply the new guidance on a retrospective basis, wherein the balance sheet of each individual period presented is adjusted to reflect the period-specific effects of applying the new guidance. We adopted ASU 2015-03 on January 1, 2016 and retrospectively restated other non-current assets and debt, net of current portion, which had the effect of reducing each of those respective line items in our December 31, 2015 consolidated balance sheet by approximately $0.5 million.
Recently issued accounting pronouncements
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718), Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (ASU 2016-09). ASU 2016-09 updates the accounting for certain aspects of share-based payments to employees. Entities will be required to recognize the income tax effects of awards in the income statement when the awards vest or are settled. The guidance also updates an employers’ accounting for an employee’s use of shares to satisfy the employer’s statutory income tax withholding obligation and accounting for forfeitures. ASU 2016-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted but all of the guidance must be adopted in the same period. We expect ASU 2016-09 will impact our consolidated balance sheets, statements of comprehensive income and cash flows, and we are currently evaluating the extent of the impact that implementation of this standard will have on adoption.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (ASU 2016-02). ASU 2016-02 will require lessees to record most leases on their balance sheets but recognize expenses in the income statement in a manner similar to current guidance. The updated guidance also eliminates certain real estate-specific provisions and changes the guidance on sale-leaseback transactions, initial direct costs and lease executory costs for all entities. For lessors, the standard modifies the classification criteria and the accounting for sales-type and direct financing leases. All entities will classify leases to determine how to recognize lease-related revenue and expense. Classification will continue to affect amounts that lessors record on the balance sheet. ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those years. Early adoption is permitted. Upon adoption, entities will be required to use a modified retrospective approach for leases that exist or are entered into after the beginning of the earliest comparative period in the financial statements. The modified retrospective approach includes a number of optional practical expedients that entities may elect to apply. We expect ASU 2016-02 will impact our consolidated financial statements and are currently evaluating the extent of the impact that implementation of this standard will have on adoption.
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). ASU 2014-09 outlines a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in GAAP when it becomes effective. ASU 2014-09 was originally effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2016. An entity should apply ASU 2014-09 either retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented or retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initially applying the ASU recognized as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings at the date of initial application. In July, 2015, the FASB decided to delay the effective date of the new standard for one year. The new standard now requires application no later than annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods therein; however, public entities are permitted to elect to early adopt the new standard as of the original effective date. In March 2016, the FASB finalized amendments to the guidance in the new standard to clarify whether an entity is a principal or an agent in a revenue transaction. In April 2016, the FASB finalized additional amendments to the

First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q
11
Table of Contents

Blackbaud, Inc.
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)
(Unaudited)


guidance in the new standard to clarify the accounting for licenses of intellectual property and identifying performance obligations. We expect the adoption of ASU 2014-09 will impact our consolidated financial statements. We are currently evaluating implementation methods and the extent of the impact that implementation of this standard will have upon adoption.
3. Business Combinations
2015 Acquisitions
Smart Tuition
On October 2, 2015, we completed our acquisition of all of the outstanding equity, including all voting equity interests, of Smart, LLC (“Smart Tuition”). Smart Tuition is a leading provider of payment software and services for private schools and parents. The acquisition of Smart Tuition further expanded our offerings in the K-12 technology sector. We acquired Smart Tuition for $187.3 million in cash, net of closing adjustments including an adjustment of approximately $0.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016 which reduced our net cash outlay. On October 2, 2015, we drew down a $186.0 million revolving credit loan under our 2014 Credit Facility (as defined in Note 8 below) to finance the acquisition of Smart Tuition. As a result of the acquisition, Smart Tuition has become a wholly-owned subsidiary of ours. We included the operating results of Smart Tuition as well as goodwill arising from the acquisition in our consolidated financial statements within the General Markets Business Unit ("GMBU") from the date of acquisition. For the three months ended March 31, 2016, Smart Tuition's total revenue and operating income included in our consolidated financial statements was $9.2 million and $1.2 million, respectively.
The preliminary purchase price allocation is based upon a preliminary valuation of assets and liabilities and the estimates and assumptions are subject to change as we obtain additional information during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date. The assets and liabilities pending finalization include the valuation of acquired intangible assets, the assumed deferred revenue and deferred taxes. Differences between the preliminary and final valuation could have a material impact on our future results of operations and financial position. The following table summarizes the allocation of the purchase price based on the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed:
(dollars in thousands)
Purchase Price Allocation

Net working capital, excluding deferred revenue
$
510

Property and equipment
2,457

Deferred revenue
(6,500
)
Deferred tax asset
2,637

Intangible assets
97,800

Goodwill
90,068

Total purchase price(1)
$
186,972

(1) The purchase price differs from the net cash outlay of $187.3 million due to certain insignificant acquisition-related expenses included therein.

The estimated fair value of accounts receivable acquired approximates the contractual value of $2.9 million. The estimated goodwill recognized is attributable primarily to the opportunities for expected synergies from combining operations and the assembled workforce of Smart Tuition, all of which was assigned to our GMBU reporting segment. Approximately $86.0 million of the goodwill arising in the acquisition is deductible for income tax purposes.
 

12
First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

Blackbaud, Inc.
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)
(Unaudited)


The Smart Tuition acquisition resulted in the identification of the following identifiable intangible assets:
 
Intangible
assets
acquired

Weighted
average amortization period
 
 (in thousands)

(in years)
Customer relationships
$
72,300

17
Marketing assets
1,200

3
Acquired technology
22,100

7
Non-compete agreements
2,200

5
Total intangible assets
$
97,800

14

The estimated fair values of the finite-lived intangible assets were based on variations of the income approach, which estimates fair value based on the present value of cash flows that the assets are expected to generate which included the relief-from-royalty method, incremental cash flow method including the with and without method and excess earnings method, depending on the intangible asset being valued. The method of amortization of identifiable finite-lived intangible assets is based on the expected pattern in which the estimated economic benefits of the respective assets are consumed or otherwise used up. Customer relationships and acquired technology are being amortized on an accelerated basis while marketing assets and non-compete agreements are being amortized on a straight-line basis.

The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined consolidated results of operations assume that the acquisition of Smart Tuition occurred on January 1, 2014. This unaudited pro forma financial information does not reflect any adjustments for anticipated synergies resulting from the acquisition and should not be relied upon as being indicative of the historical results that would have been attained had the transaction been consummated as of January 1, 2014, or of the results that may occur in the future. The unaudited pro forma information reflects adjustments for amortization of intangibles related to the fair value adjustments of the assets acquired, write-down of acquired deferred revenue to fair value, additional interest expense related to the financing of the transaction and the related tax effects of the adjustments.
 
Three months ended 
 March 31,

(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
2015

Revenue
$
155,812

Net income
$
4,439

Basic earnings per share
$
0.10

Diluted earnings per share
$
0.10


First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q
13
Table of Contents

Blackbaud, Inc.
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)
(Unaudited)


4. Earnings Per Share
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:
  
Three months ended 
 March 31,
 
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
2016

2015

Numerator:
 
 
Net income
$
4,995

$
4,285

Denominator:
 
 
Weighted average common shares
45,967,863

45,529,668

Add effect of dilutive securities:
 
 
Stock-based compensation
789,595

638,428

Weighted average common shares assuming dilution
46,757,458

46,168,096

Earnings per share:
 
 
Basic
$
0.11

$
0.09

Diluted
$
0.11

$
0.09


The following shares underlying stock-based awards were not included in diluted earnings per share because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:
  
Three months ended 
 March 31,
 
  
2016

2015

Shares excluded from calculations of diluted earnings per share
55,844

18,575


14
First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

Blackbaud, Inc.
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)
(Unaudited)


5. Fair Value Measurements
Recurring fair value measurements
Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis consisted of the following, as of:
 
Fair value measurement using
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
Level 1

 
Level 2

 
Level 3

 
Total

Fair value as of March 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative instruments(1)
$
—

 
$
1,135

 
$
—

 
$
1,135

Total financial liabilities
$
—

 
$
1,135

 
$
—

 
$
1,135

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value as of December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative instruments(1)
$
—

 
$
406

 
$
—

 
$
406

Total financial assets
$
—

 
$
406

 
$
—

 
$
406

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value as of December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative instruments(1)
$
—

 
$
438

 
$
—

 
$
438

Total financial liabilities
$
—

 
$
438

 
$
—

 
$
438

(1)
The fair value of our interest rate swaps was based on model-driven valuations using LIBOR rates, which are observable at commonly quoted intervals. Accordingly, our interest rate swaps are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
We believe the carrying amounts of our cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash due to customers, accounts receivable, trade accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities and due to customers approximate their fair values at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, due to the immediate or short-term maturity of these instruments.
We believe the carrying amount of our debt approximates its fair value at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, as the debt bears interest rates that approximate market value. As LIBOR rates are observable at commonly quoted intervals, our debt is classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Non-recurring fair value measurements

Assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis include intangible assets and goodwill which are recognized at fair value during the period in which an acquisition is completed, from updated estimates and assumptions during the measurement period, or when they are considered to be impaired. These non-recurring fair value measurements, primarily for intangible assets acquired, were based on Level 3 unobservable inputs. In the event of an impairment, we determine the fair value of the goodwill and intangible assets using a discounted cash flow approach, which contains significant unobservable inputs and therefore is considered a Level 3 fair value measurement. The unobservable inputs in the analysis generally include future cash flow projections and a discount rate.

There were no non-recurring fair value adjustments to intangible assets and goodwill during the three months ended March 31, 2016, except for certain insignificant business combination accounting adjustments to the initial fair value estimates of the Smart Tuition assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date (as disclosed in Note 3 to these consolidated financial statements) from updated estimates and assumptions during the measurement period. The measurement period may be up to one year from the acquisition date. We record any measurement period adjustments to the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with the corresponding offset to goodwill.

First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q
15
Table of Contents

Blackbaud, Inc.
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)
(Unaudited)


6. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
The change in goodwill for each reportable segment (as defined in Note 14 below) during the three months ended March 31, 2016, consisted of the following:
(dollars in thousands)
ECBU
GMBU
IBU
Total
Balance at December 31, 2015
$
240,494

$
190,976

$
4,979

$
436,449

Adjustments related to prior year business combinations(1)
—

(490
)
—

(490
)
Effect of foreign currency translation
—

—

35

35

Balance at March 31, 2016
$
240,494

$
190,486

$
5,014

$
435,994

(1)
See Note 3 to these consolidated financial statements for details of the immaterial measurement period adjustment.
Amortization expense
Amortization expense related to finite-lived intangible assets acquired in business combinations is allocated to cost of revenue on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income based on the revenue stream to which the asset contributes, except for marketing assets and non-compete agreements, for which the associated amortization expense is included in operating expenses.
The following table summarizes amortization expense:
 
Three months ended 
 March 31,
 
(dollars in thousands)
2016

2015

Included in cost of revenue:
 
 
Cost of subscriptions
$
7,811

$
5,772

Cost of maintenance
1,332

1,153

Cost of services
653

607

Cost of license fees and other
85

107

Total included in cost of revenue
9,881

7,639

Included in operating expenses
752

488

Total amortization of intangibles from business combinations
$
10,633

$
8,127


The following table outlines the estimated future amortization expense for each of the next five years for our finite-lived intangible assets as of March 31, 2016:
(dollars in thousands)
Years ending December 31,
Amortization expense

2016 - remaining
$
31,615

2017
41,419

2018
39,783

2019
36,475

2020
27,699

Total
$
176,991


16
First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

Blackbaud, Inc.
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)
(Unaudited)


7. Consolidated Financial Statement Details
Prepaid expenses and other assets
(dollars in thousands)
March 31,
2016

December 31,
2015

Deferred sales commissions
$
29,938

$
30,141

Prepaid software maintenance
14,443

15,308

Deferred professional services costs
3,060

3,603

Taxes, prepaid and receivable
8,439

9,121

Deferred tax asset
3,325

2,869

Prepaid royalties
1,471

1,767

Other assets
7,966

6,758

Total prepaid expenses and other assets
68,642

69,567

Less: Long-term portion
20,207

20,901

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
$
48,435

$
48,666

Accrued expenses and other liabilities
(dollars in thousands)
March 31,
2016

December 31,
2015

Accrued bonuses
$
8,221

$
24,591

Accrued commissions and salaries
4,760

8,391

Taxes payable
3,502

3,923

Deferred rent liabilities
3,905

4,070

Lease incentive obligations
4,514

4,734

Unrecognized tax benefit
3,197

3,147

Customer credit balances
3,298

3,515

Accrued vacation costs
2,221

2,446

Accrued health care costs
3,491

2,356

Other liabilities
8,468

7,911

Total accrued expenses and other liabilities
45,577

65,084

Less: Long-term portion
8,000

7,623

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
$
37,577

$
57,461

Deferred revenue
(dollars in thousands)
March 31,
2016

December 31,
2015

Subscriptions
$
122,238

$
122,524

Maintenance
78,204

85,901

Services
27,866

28,517

License fees and other
690

393

Total deferred revenue
228,998

237,335

Less: Long-term portion
6,583

7,119

Deferred revenue, current portion
$
222,415

$
230,216


First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q
17
Table of Contents

Blackbaud, Inc.
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)
(Unaudited)


Other expense, net
  
Three months ended 
 March 31,
 
(dollars in thousands)
2016

2015

Interest income
$
121

$
8

Other expense, net
(226
)
(295
)
Other expense, net
$
(105
)
$
(287
)
8. Debt
The following table summarizes our debt balances and the related weighted average effective interest rates, which includes the effect of interest rate swap agreements.
 
Debt balance at
 
 
Weighted average
effective interest rate at
 
(dollars in thousands)
March 31,
2016

December 31,
2015

 
March 31,
2016

December 31,
2015

Credit facility:
 
 
 
 
 
    Revolving credit loans
$
258,100

$
242,900

 
2.16
%
2.15
%
    Term loans
166,250

167,344

 
2.52
%
2.51
%
        Total debt
424,350

410,244

 
2.30
%
2.30
%
Less: Unamortized debt discount
1,986

2,157

 
 
 
Less: Debt, current portion
4,375

4,375

 
2.13
%
2.11
%
Debt, net of current portion
$
417,989

$
403,712

 
2.31
%
2.30
%
Summary of the 2014 Credit Facility
In February 2014, we entered into a five-year $325.0 million credit facility (the “2014 Credit Facility”) and drew $175.0 million on a term loan upon closing, which was used to repay all amounts outstanding under the 2012 Credit Facility.
The 2014 Credit Facility includes the following facilities: (i) a dollar and a designated currency revolving credit facility with sublimits for letters of credit and swingline loans (the “2014 Revolving Facility”) and (ii) a term loan facility (the “2014 Term Loan”).
In connection with our entry into the 2014 Credit Facility, we paid $2.5 million in financing costs, of which $1.1 million were capitalized and, together with a portion of the unamortized deferred financing costs from prior facilities, are being amortized into interest expense over the term of the new facility using the effective interest method. As of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, deferred financing costs totaling $0.8 million and $0.9 million, respectively, were included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet.
The 2014 Credit Facility is secured by the stock and limited liability company interests of certain of our subsidiaries and is guaranteed by our material domestic subsidiaries.
Amounts borrowed under the dollar tranche revolving credit loans and term loan under the 2014 Credit Facility bear interest at a rate per annum equal to, at our option, (a) a base rate equal to the highest of (i) the prime rate, (ii) federal funds rate plus 0.50% and (iii) one month LIBOR plus 1.00% (the “Base Rate”), in addition to a margin of 0.00% to 0.50%, or (b) LIBOR rate plus a margin of 1.00% to 1.50%.
We also pay a quarterly commitment fee on the unused portion of the 2014 Revolving Facility from 0.15% to 0.225% per annum, depending on our net leverage ratio. At March 31, 2016, the commitment fee was 0.225%.

18
First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

Blackbaud, Inc.
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)
(Unaudited)


The 2014 Term Loan requires periodic principal payments. The balance of the 2014 Term Loan and any amounts drawn on the 2014 Revolving Facility are due upon maturity of the 2014 Credit Facility in February 2019. We evaluate the classification of our debt as current or non-current based on the required annual maturities of the 2014 Credit Facility.
The 2014 Credit Facility includes financial covenants related to the net leverage ratio and interest coverage ratio, as well as restrictions on our ability to declare and pay dividends and our ability to repurchase shares of our common stock. At March 31, 2016, we were in compliance with our debt covenants under the 2014 Credit Facility.
Financing for MicroEdge acquisition
The 2014 Credit Facility includes an option to request increases in the revolving commitments and/or request additional term loans in an aggregate principal amount of up to $200.0 million. On October 1, 2014, we exercised this option, and certain lenders agreed, to increase the revolving credit commitments by $100.0 million (the "October 2014 Additional Revolving Credit Commitments") such that for the period commencing October 1, 2014, the aggregate revolving credit commitments available were $250.0 million. The October 2014 Additional Revolving Credit Commitments have the same terms as the existing revolving credit commitments.
On October 1, 2014, we drew down $140.0 million in revolving credit commitments under the 2014 Credit Facility to finance the acquisition of MicroEdge.
Financing for Smart Tuition acquisition
On July 17, 2015, we again exercised this option and certain lenders agreed to increase the revolving credit commitments by an additional $100.0 million (the "July 2015 Additional Revolving Credit Commitments") such that commencing July 17, 2015, the aggregate revolving credit commitments available were $350.0 million. The July 2015 Additional Revolving Credit Commitments have the same terms as the existing revolving credit commitments.
On October 2, 2015, we drew down a $186.0 million revolving credit loan under the 2014 Credit Facility to finance the acquisition of Smart Tuition.
As of March 31, 2016, the required annual maturities related to the 2014 Credit Facility were as follows:
Years ending December 31,
(dollars in thousands)
Annual maturities

2016 - remaining
$
3,281

2017 
4,375

2018
4,375

2019
412,319

2020
—

Thereafter
—

Total required maturities
$
424,350

9. Derivative Instruments
We use derivative instruments to manage our variable interest rate risk. In March 2014, we entered into an interest rate swap agreement (the "March 2014 Swap Agreement"), which effectively converts portions of our variable rate debt under the 2014 Credit Facility to a fixed rate for the term of the swap agreement. The initial notional value of the March 2014 Swap Agreement was $125.0 million with an effective date beginning in March 2014. In March 2017, the notional value of the March 2014 Swap Agreement will decrease to $75.0 million for the remaining term through February 2018. We designated the March 2014 Swap Agreement as a cash flow hedge at the inception of the contract.

First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q
19
Table of Contents

Blackbaud, Inc.
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)
(Unaudited)


In October 2014, we entered into an additional interest rate swap agreement (the “October 2014 Swap Agreement”), which effectively converts portions of our variable rate debt under the 2014 Credit Facility to a fixed rate for the term of the swap agreement. The initial notional value of the October 2014 Swap Agreement was $75.0 million with an effective date beginning in October 2014. In September 2015, the notional value of the October 2014 Swap Agreement decreased to $50.0 million for the remaining term through June 2016. We designated the October 2014 Swap Agreement as a cash flow hedge at the inception of the contract.

In October 2015, we entered into an additional interest rate swap agreement (the "October 2015 Swap Agreement"), which effectively converts portions of our variable rate debt under the 2014 Credit Facility to a fixed rate for the term of the October 2015 Swap Agreement. The notional value of the October 2015 Swap Agreement was $75.0 million with an effective date beginning in October 2015 and maturing in February 2018. We designated the October 2015 Swap Agreement as a cash flow hedge at the inception of the contract.
The fair values of our derivative instruments were as follows as of:
(dollars in thousands)
Balance sheet location
March 31,
2016

December 31,
2015

Derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
Interest rate swap, long-term portion
Other assets
$
—

$
406

Total derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments
 
$
—

$
406

 

March 31,
2016

December 31,
2015

Derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps, current portion
Accrued expenses and
other current liabilities
$
15

$
2

Interest rate swaps, long-term portion
Other liabilities
1,120

436

Total derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments
 
$
1,135

$
438

The effects of derivative instruments in cash flow hedging relationships were as follows:
 
Gain (loss) recognized
in accumulated other
comprehensive
loss as of

Location
of gain (loss)
reclassified from
accumulated other
comprehensive
loss into income
Gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated
 other comprehensive loss into income

(dollars in thousands)
March 31,
2016

Three months ended 
 March 31, 2016

Interest rate swaps
$
(1,135
)
Interest expense
$
(308
)
 
 
 
 
 
March 31,
2015

 
Three months ended 
 March 31, 2015

Interest rate swaps
$
(1,030
)
Interest expense
$
(375
)
Our policy requires that derivatives used for hedging purposes be designated and effective as a hedge of the identified risk exposure at the inception of the contract. Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) includes unrealized gains or losses from the change in fair value measurement of our derivative instruments each reporting period and the related income tax expense or benefit. Changes in the fair value measurements of the derivative instruments and the related income tax expense or benefit are reflected as adjustments to accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) until the actual hedged expense is incurred or until the hedge is terminated at which point the unrealized gain (loss) is reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to current earnings. The estimated accumulated other comprehensive loss as of March 31, 2016 that is expected to be reclassified into earnings within the next twelve months is $0.9 million. There were no ineffective portions of our interest rate swap derivatives during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015. See Note 13 to these consolidated financial statements for a summary of the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component.

20
First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

Blackbaud, Inc.
Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)
(Unaudited)


10. Commitments and Contingencies

Leases
We lease our headquarters facility under a 15-year lease agreement which was entered into in October 2008, and has two five-year renewal options. The current annual base rent of the lease is $5.0 million, payable in equal monthly installments. The base rent escalates annually at a rate equal to the change in the consumer price index, as defined in the agreement, but not to exceed 5.5% in any year.
We have a lease for office space in Austin, Texas which terminates on September 30, 2023, and has two five-year renewal options. Under the terms of the lease, we will increase our leased space by approximately 20,000 square feet on July 31, 2016. The current annual base rent of the lease is $2.3 million. The base rent escalates annually between 2% and 4% based on the terms of the agreement. The rent expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the length of the lease term. At March 31, 2016, we had a standby letter of credit of $2.0 million for a security deposit for this lease.
We have provisions in our leases that entitle us to aggregate remaining leasehold improvement allowances of $5.3 million. These amounts are being recorded as a reduction to rent expense ratably over the terms of the leases. The reductions in rent expense related to these lease provisions during the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, were insignificant. The leasehold improvement allowances have been included in the table of operating lease commitments below as a reduction in our lease commitments ratably over the then remaining terms of the leases. The timing of the reimbursements for the actual leasehold improvements may vary from the amounts reflected in the table below.
We have also received, and expect to receive through 2016, quarterly South Carolina state incentive payments as a result of locating our headquarters facility in Berkeley County, South Carolina. These amounts are recorded as a reduction of rent expense upon receipt and were $1.0 million and $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Total rent expense was $2.0 million and $2.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
As of March 31, 2016, the future minimum lease commitments related to lease agreements, net of related lease incentives, were as follows:
Years ending December 31,
(dollars in thousands)
Operating leases

2016 – remaining
$
10,320

2017
12,171

2018
11,935

2019
12,366

2020
11,637

Thereafter
32,076

Total minimum lease payments
$
90,505

Other commitments
As discussed in Note 8 to these consolidated financial statements, the term loans under the 2014 Credit Facility require periodic principal payments. The balance of the term loans and any amounts drawn on the revolving credit loans are due upon maturity of the 2014 Credit Facility in February 2019.
We utilize third-party technology in conjunction with our solutions and services, with contractual obligations varying in length from one to four years. In certain cases, such arrangements require a minimum annual purchase commitment. As of March 31, 2016, the remaining aggregate minimum purchase commitment under these arrangements was approximately $15.5 million through 2020.

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Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)
(Unaudited)


Product and service indemnifications
In the ordinary course of business, we provide certain indemnifications of varying scope to customers against claims of intellectual property infringement made by third parties arising from the use of our solutions or services. If we determine that it is probable that a loss has been incurred related to solution or service indemnifications, any such loss that could be reasonably estimated would be recognized. We have not identified any losses and, accordingly, we have not recorded a liability related to these indemnifications.
Legal contingencies
We are subject to legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. We record an accrual for a contingency when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. As of March 31, 2016, in our opinion, there was not at least a reasonable possibility that these actions arising in the ordinary course of business will have a material adverse effect upon our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows and, therefore, no material loss contingencies were recorded.
11. Income Taxes
Our income tax provision and effective income tax rates including the effects of period-specific events, were:
  
Three months ended 
 March 31,
 
(dollars in thousands)
2016

2015

Income tax provision
$
2,664

$
1,754

Effective income tax rate
34.8
%
29.0
%
The increase in our effective income tax rate during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, was primarily due to a discrete tax benefit included in the 2015 period from the settlement of an IRS audit and the estimated impact to our annual 2016 effective tax rate from Section 162(m) nondeductible compensation. Partially offsetting the increase in our effective income tax rate during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, was the benefit of federal and state research tax credits that were permanently enacted into law December 2015 and an increase in the domestic production activities deduction.
Our effective income tax rate may fluctuate quarterly as a result of factors, including transactions entered into, changes in the geographic distribution of our earnings or losses, our assessment of certain tax contingencies, valuation allowances, and changes in tax law in jurisdictions where we conduct business.
We have deferred tax assets for federal, state, and international net operating loss carryforwards and state tax credits. The federal and state net operating loss carryforwards are subject to various Internal Revenue Code limitations and applicable state tax laws. A portion of the foreign and state net operating loss carryforwards and a portion of state tax credits have a valuation reserve due to the uncertainty of realizing such carryforwards and credits in the future.
The total amount of unrecognized tax benefit that, if recognized, would favorably affect the effective income tax rate, was $2.3 million at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015. We recognize accrued interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense.

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Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)
(Unaudited)


12. Stock-based Compensation
Stock-based compensation expense is allocated to cost of revenue and operating expenses on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income based on where the associated employee’s compensation is recorded. The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense:
  
Three months ended 
 March 31,
 
(dollars in thousands)
2016

2015

Included in cost of revenue:
 
 
Cost of subscriptions
$
281

$
143

Cost of maintenance
123

161

Cost of services
468

597

Total included in cost of revenue
872

901

Included in operating expenses:
 
 
Sales, marketing and customer success
901

701

Research and development
1,535

978

General and administrative
4,608

2,522

Total included in operating expenses
7,044

4,201

Total stock-based compensation expense
$
7,916

$
5,102

13. Stockholders' Equity
Dividends
Our Board of Directors has adopted a dividend policy, which provides for the distribution to stockholders a portion of cash generated by us that is in excess of operational needs and capital expenditures. The 2014 Credit Facility limits the amount of dividends payable and certain state laws restrict the amount of dividends distributed.
In February 2016, our Board of Directors approved an annual dividend rate of $0.48 per share to be made in quarterly payments. Dividend payments are not guaranteed and our Board of Directors may decide, in its absolute discretion, at any time and for any reason, not to declare and pay further dividends. The following table provides information with respect to quarterly dividends of $0.12 per share paid on common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2016.
Declaration Date
Dividend
per Share

Record Date
 
Payable Date
February 2016
$
0.12

February 26
 
March 15
In April 2016, our Board of Directors declared a second quarter dividend of $0.12 per share payable on June 15, 2016 to stockholders of record on May 27, 2016.

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Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)
(Unaudited)


Changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss by component
The changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss by component, consisted of the following:
 
Three months ended 
 March 31,
 
(dollars in thousands)
2016

2015

Accumulated other comprehensive loss, beginning of period
$
(825
)
$
(1,032
)
By component:
 
 
Gains and losses on cash flow hedges:
 
 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss balance, beginning of period
$
(19
)
$
(164
)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications, net of tax effects of $555 and $439
(856
)
(698
)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to interest expense
308

375

Tax benefit included in provision for income taxes
(121
)
(146
)
Total amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss
187

229

Net current-period other comprehensive loss
(669
)
(469
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss balance, end of period
$
(688
)
$
(633
)
Foreign currency translation adjustment:
 
 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss balance, beginning of period
$
(806
)
$
(868
)
Translation adjustments
403

(326
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss balance, end of period
(403
)
(1,194
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, end of period
$
(1,091
)
$
(1,827
)
14. Segment Information
As of March 31, 2016, our reportable segments were the General Markets Business Unit ("GMBU"), the Enterprise Customer Business Unit ("ECBU"), and the International Business Unit ("IBU"). Following is a description of each reportable segment:
•
The GMBU is focused on marketing, sales, delivery and support to all emerging and mid-sized prospects and customers in North America;
•
The ECBU is focused on marketing, sales, delivery and support to all large and/or strategic prospects and customers in North America; and
•
The IBU is focused on marketing, sales, delivery and support to all prospects and customers outside of North America.
Our CODM is our chief executive officer ("CEO"). The CEO reviews financial information presented on an operating segment basis for the purposes of making certain operating decisions and assessing financial performance. The CEO uses internal financial reports that provide segment revenues and operating income, excluding stock-based compensation expense, amortization expense, depreciation expense, research and development expense and certain corporate sales, marketing, general and administrative expenses. Currently, the CEO believes that the exclusion of these costs allows for a better understanding of the operating performance of the operating units and management of other operating expenses and cash needs. The CEO does not review any segment balance sheet information.

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Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)
(Unaudited)


Summarized reportable segment financial results, were as follows:
 
Three months ended 
 March 31,
 
(dollars in thousands)
2016

2015

Revenue by segment:
 
 
GMBU
$
87,952

$
69,929

ECBU
71,499

66,914

IBU
9,758

10,127

Other(1)
47

23

Total revenue
$
169,256

$
146,993

Segment operating income(2):
 
 
GMBU
$
42,611

$
34,663

ECBU
35,766

32,204

IBU
996

1,301

Other(1)
30

(312
)
 
79,403

67,856

Less:
 
 
Corporate unallocated costs(3)
(50,415
)
(46,615
)
Stock based compensation costs
(7,916
)
(5,102
)
Amortization expense
(10,633
)
(8,127
)
Interest expense
(2,675
)
(1,686
)
Other expense, net
(105
)
(287
)
Income before provision for income taxes
$
7,659

$
6,039

(1)
Other includes revenue and the related costs from the sale of solutions and services not directly attributable to a reportable segment.
(2)
Segment operating income includes direct, controllable costs related to the sale of solutions and services by the reportable segment.
(3)
Corporate unallocated costs include research and development, depreciation expense, and certain corporate sales, marketing, general and administrative expenses.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The following discussion and analysis presents financial information denominated in millions of dollars which can lead to differences from rounding when compared to similar information contained in the consolidated financial statements and related notes which are primarily denominated in thousands of dollars. This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These forward-looking statements reflect our current view with respect to future events and financial performance and are subject to risks and uncertainties, including those set forth under “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of this report and elsewhere in this report, that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical or anticipated results. Except as required by law, we do not intend, and undertake no obligation to revise or update these forward-looking statements, or to update the reasons actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements, even if new information becomes available in the future.
Executive Summary
We are a leading provider of software and services for the global philanthropic community. We offer a full spectrum of cloud-based and on-premises software solutions, as well as a resource network that empowers and connects organizations of all sizes. Our portfolio of software and services support nonprofit fundraising and relationship management, digital marketing, advocacy, accounting, payments and analytics, as well as grant management, corporate social responsibility, and education. As of March 31, 2016, we had approximately 35,000 active customers including nonprofits, K-12 private and higher education institutions, healthcare organizations, foundations and other charitable giving entities, and corporations.
Our revenue is primarily generated from the following sources: (i) charging for the use of our software solutions in cloud-based and hosted environments; (ii) providing software maintenance and support services; (iii) providing professional services including implementation, training, consulting, analytic, hosting and other services; (iv) providing transaction and payment processing services; and (v) selling perpetual licenses of our software solutions. We have experienced growth in our payment processing services from the continued shift to online giving, further integration of these services to our existing solution portfolio and the sale of these services to new and existing customers.
Our long-term goals include accelerating organic revenue growth, expanding our operating margins and increasing our operating cash flow. During the first quarter of 2016, we continued to execute on the following five growth strategies targeted to achieve those goals and to drive an extended period of quality enhancement, solution and service innovation, and increasing operating efficiency and financial performance:
1.
Integrated and Open Solutions in the Cloud
We continue to transition our business to predominantly serve customers through a subscription-based cloud delivery model, enabling lower cost of entry, greater scalability and lower total cost of ownership to our customers. There is a concerted effort underway to optimize our portfolio of solutions and integrate powerful capabilities — such as built in data, analytics, payment processing and tailored user-specific experiences — to bring even greater value and performance to our customers. In 2015, we announced the general availability of Raiser's Edge NXT™, Financial Edge NXT™, and we introduced Blackbaud SKY™, which is our new, innovative cloud technology architecture for the global philanthropic community that now powers six of our next generation solutions including Raiser's Edge NXT and Financial Edge NXT.
2.
Drive Sales Effectiveness
We are making investments to increase the effectiveness of our sales organization, with a focus on enabling our expanding sales teams with the talent, processes, and tools to accelerate our revenue growth and improve effectiveness. Our customer success program separates account management from the sales organization, and is intended to drive customer loyalty and retention. In the first quarter of 2016, we launched a value added reseller ("VAR") program.

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3.
Expand TAM into Near Adjacencies with Acquisitions;
We will continue to evaluate compelling opportunities to expand our product portfolio and acquire companies, technologies and/or services. We will be guided by our acquisition criteria for considering attractive assets, which expand our total addressable market ("TAM"), provide entry into new and near adjacencies, accelerate our shift to the cloud, accelerate revenue growth, are accretive to margins and present synergistic opportunities.
4.
Streamline Operations
We have largely completed the installations of best-in-breed back-office solutions to standardize operations utilizing scalable tools and systems. Our focus is now shifting towards optimizing those systems, as well as operational excellence and quality initiatives focused on streamlining processes to gain efficiency and scalability.
5.
Execute our 3-Year Margin Improvement Plan
In 2014, we implemented a 3-year operating margin improvement plan designed to increase our operating effectiveness and efficiency and improve non-GAAP operating margins 300 to 600 basis points on a constant currency basis as measured against our 2014 baseline of 17.5%, by the time we exit 2017.
We plan to continue making investments in our solution portfolio, sales, and customer success organization to ensure we are well positioned to benefit from shifts in the market, including demand for our cloud-based subscription offerings, which we expect will drive higher long-term revenue growth. We also plan to continue making investments in our sales and marketing organization and the infrastructure that supports our cloud-based subscription offerings and certain solution development initiatives, including further expansion of our payment processing and analytics services. As we execute on our five key growth initiatives to accelerate organic revenue growth and strengthen our market leadership position, we also plan to focus on achieving scalability of our operations, and attaining our targeted level of profitability.
We completed our acquisition of Smart Tuition in October 2015. We have included the results of operations of Smart Tuition in our consolidated results of operations from the date of acquisition, which impacts the comparability of our results of operations when comparing the first quarter of 2016 and 2015. We have noted in the discussion below, to the extent meaningful, the impact on the comparability of our consolidated results of operations to prior year results due to the inclusion of Smart Tuition.
Total revenue
 
 
 
 
Three months ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)
2016(1)

2015

Change

Total revenue
$
169.3

$
147.0

15.2
%
(1)
Included in total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2016 was $9.2 million attributable to the inclusion of Smart Tuition.
Excluding the impact of Smart Tuition as discussed above, the remaining $13.1 million increase in revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2016 was primarily driven by growth in subscriptions revenue as our business model continues to shift towards providing predominantly cloud-based subscription solutions. Subscriptions revenue also grew as a result of increases in the number of customers and the volume of transactions for which we process payments. Services revenue contributed $1.1 million to the increase in total revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, primarily due to increases in both analytic and training services deliveries. Maintenance revenue as well as license fees and other revenue declined for the three months ended March 31, 2016 from the continued migration of our business model toward subscription-based solutions, including our Raiser's Edge NXT and Financial Edge NXT solutions. In the near-term, the transition to subscription-based solutions negatively impacts total revenue growth, as time-based license revenue from subscription arrangements is deferred and recognized ratably over the subscription period, whereas on-premises license revenue from arrangements that include perpetual licenses is recognized up-front. In addition, the fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily those between the U.S. dollar and Canadian dollar, negatively impacted our total revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2016 by $1.5 million. Further explanation of this impact is included below under the caption "Foreign Currency Exchange Rates".

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Income from operations
 
 
 
 
Three months ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)
2016

2015

Change

Income from operations
$
10.4

$
8.0

30.0
%
(1)
Included in income from operations for the three months ended March 31, 2016 was $1.2 million attributable to the inclusion of Smart Tuition.
Excluding the impact of Smart Tuition as discussed above, the remaining $1.2 million increase in income from operations during the three months ended March 31, 2016 was primarily driven by growth in subscriptions revenue as discussed above, improvements in the utilization of consulting services personnel and a reduction in non-billable implementation service hours. Partially offsetting these favorable impacts to income from operations during the three months ended March 31, 2016 were increases in stock-based compensation expense and amortization of intangible assets from business combinations of $2.8 million and $2.5 million, respectively. In addition, the fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily those between the U.S. dollar and Canadian dollar, negatively impacted our income from operations during the three months ended March 31, 2016 by $0.8 million. Further explanation of this impact is included below under the caption "Foreign Currency Exchange Rates".
Customer retention
Our subscription contracts are typically for a term of three years at contract inception with one year renewals thereafter. Over time, we anticipate a decrease in maintenance contract renewals as we transition our solution portfolio and maintenance customers from a perpetual license-based model to a cloud-based subscription delivery model. We also anticipate an increase in subscription contract renewals as we continue focusing on innovation, quality and the integration of our subscription solutions which we believe will provide value-adding capabilities to better address our customers' needs. Due primarily to these factors, we believe a recurring revenue customer retention measure that combines subscription and maintenance customer contracts provides an accurate representation of our customers' overall behavior. For the three months ended March 31, 2016, approximately 93% of our customers with recurring subscription or maintenance contracts were retained.
Balance sheet and cash flow
At March 31, 2016, our cash and cash equivalents were $12.1 million and outstanding borrowings under the 2014 Credit Facility were $424.4 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, we generated $0.1 million in cash flow from operations, increased our net borrowings by $14.1 million, returned $5.7 million to stockholders by way of dividends and had cash outlays of $13.6 million for purchases of property and equipment and capitalized software development costs.

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Results of Operations
Comparison of the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015
We have included the results of operations of Smart Tuition in our consolidated results of operations from the date of acquisition, which impacts the comparability of our results of operations when comparing the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015. We have noted in the discussion below, to the extent meaningful and quantifiable, the impact on the comparability of our consolidated results of operations to prior year results due to the inclusion of Smart Tuition.
We acquired Smart Tuition on October 2, 2015. For the three months ended March 31, 2016, Smart Tuition's total revenue and income from operations was $9.2 million and $1.2 million, respectively. See Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements in this report for a summary of this acquisition.
Revenue by segment
 
 
 
 
Three months ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)
2016(1)

2015

Change

GMBU
$
88.0

$
69.9

25.9
 %
ECBU
71.5

66.9

6.9
 %
IBU
9.8

10.1

(3.0
)%
Total revenue(2)
$
169.3

$
147.0

15.2
 %
(1)
Included in GMBU revenue and total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2016 was $9.2 million attributable to the inclusion of Smart Tuition.
(2)
The individual amounts for each year may not sum to total revenue due to rounding.

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GMBU
 
 
 
 
Three months ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)
2016

2015

Change

GMBU revenue
$
88.0

$
69.9

25.9
%
% of total revenue
52.0
%
47.6
%
 
(1)
Included in GMBU revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2016 was $9.2 million attributable to the inclusion of Smart Tuition.

Excluding the impact of Smart Tuition as discussed above, the remaining $8.9 million increase in GMBU revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, was primarily attributable to growth in subscriptions revenue, partially offset by declines in maintenance revenue and license fee and other revenue. The growth in subscriptions revenue was primarily due to increases in demand across our portfolio of cloud-based solutions. GMBU subscriptions revenue also benefited from increases in the number of customers and the volume of transactions for which we process payments. Also contributing to overall growth in GMBU revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2016 was an increase in consulting services revenue related to our cloud-based solutions. The growth in subscriptions and services revenue were partially offset by decreases in maintenance revenue and license fee and other revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2016 from the continued migration of our business to subscription-based solutions.
ECBU
 
 
 
 
Three months ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)
2016

2015

Change

ECBU revenue
$
71.5

$
66.9

6.9
%
% of total revenue
42.2
%
45.5
%
 

The increase in ECBU revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, was primarily attributable to growth in subscriptions revenue, partially offset by decreases in consulting services revenue, maintenance revenue and revenue from license fees. The growth in subscriptions resulted primarily from an increase in the number of customers and the volume of transactions for which we process payments, as well as increases in demand for our cloud-based solutions including Gifts Online, Luminate Online and Raiser's Edge NXT. As discussed above, consulting services, maintenance revenue and license fees revenue decreased as a result of the continuing shift in our go-to-market strategy towards cloud-based solutions, which in general, require less implementation services.
IBU
 
 
 
 
Three months ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)
2016

2015

Change

IBU revenue
$
9.8

$
10.1

(3.0
)%
% of total revenue
5.8
%
6.9
%
 

The decrease in IBU revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, was primarily related to reductions in consulting services revenue and maintenance revenue, partially offset by an increase in subscriptions revenue. In the near term, we expect a continued reduction in IBU revenue related to Raiser's Edge license fees, consulting services and maintenance as our customers transition to our Raiser's Edge NXT solution. The increase in IBU subscriptions revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2016 was primarily due to an increase in demand for our Raiser's Edge NXT solution as well as an increase in the volume of transactions for which we process payments.

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Operating results
Subscriptions
 
 
 
 
Three months ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)
2016(1)

2015

Change

Subscriptions revenue
$
96.9

$
72.5

33.7
%
Cost of subscriptions
49.7

36.2

37.3
%
Subscriptions gross profit
$
47.2

$
36.3

30.0
%
Subscriptions gross margin
48.7
%
50.1
%
 
(1)
Included in subscriptions revenue and cost of subscriptions for the three months ended March 31, 2016 was $9.0 million and $4.9 million, respectively, attributable to the inclusion of Smart Tuition.

Subscriptions revenue is comprised of revenue from charging for the use of our subscription-based software solutions, which includes providing access to hosted applications and hosting services, access to certain data services and our online subscription training offerings, revenue from payment processing services as well as variable transaction revenue associated with the use of our solutions.

We continue to experience growth in sales of our hosted applications and hosting services as we meet the demand of our customers that increasingly prefer cloud-based subscription offerings, including existing customers that are migrating from on-premises solutions to our cloud-based solutions. In addition, we have experienced growth in our payment processing services from the continued shift to online giving, further integration of these services to our existing solution portfolio and the sale of these services to new and existing customers. Recurring subscriptions contracts are typically for a term of three years at contract inception with one year annual renewals thereafter. We intend to continue focusing on innovation, quality and integration of our subscription solutions which we believe will drive subscriptions revenue growth. We are also investing in our customer success organization to drive customer loyalty, retention, and referrals.
Cost of subscriptions is primarily comprised of compensation costs, third-party contractor expenses, third-party royalty and data expenses, hosting expenses, allocated depreciation, facilities and IT support costs, amortization of intangible assets from business combinations, amortization of software development costs, transaction-based costs related to payments services including remittances of amounts due to third-parties and other costs incurred in providing support and services to our customers.

Excluding the incremental subscriptions revenue from Smart Tuition as discussed above, subscriptions revenue increased by $15.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015. The increase was primarily due to strong demand across our cloud-based solution portfolio. Subscriptions revenue also grew as a result of increases in the number of customers and the volume of transactions for which we process payments.
The increase in cost of subscriptions during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, was relatively consistent with the increase in revenue. The increase in cost of subscriptions was primarily due to a $4.5 million increase in transaction-based costs related to our payments services and those of Smart Tuition, a $2.0 million increase in amortization of intangible assets from business combinations, a $1.5 million increase in third-party contractor expenses, a $1.4 million increase in compensation costs, a $1.2 million increase in the cost of third-party technology embedded in certain of our subscription solutions and a $1.1 million increase in amortization of software development costs. The increases in compensation costs and amortization of intangible assets from business combinations were primarily due the inclusion of Smart Tuition. The increases in third-party contract costs and amortization of software development costs were from investments made on innovation, quality and the integration of our cloud-based solutions.
The decrease in subscriptions gross margin for the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, was primarily the result of a shift in the mix of subscriptions revenue generated from our payment processing services and those of Smart Tuition, both of which have historically yielded lower gross margins than our cloud-based solutions. Also contributing to the decrease in subscriptions gross margin was incremental amortization of intangible assets due to Smart Tuition and incremental software development costs from the investments discussed above.

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Maintenance
 
 
 
 
Three months ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)
2016

2015

Change

Maintenance revenue
$
37.2

$
38.9

(4.4
)%
Cost of maintenance
5.3

7.5

(29.3
)%
Maintenance gross profit
$
31.9

$
31.4

1.6
 %
Maintenance gross margin
85.7
%
80.7
%
 
Maintenance revenue is comprised of annual fees derived from maintenance contracts associated with new software licenses and annual renewals of existing maintenance contracts. These contracts provide customers with updates, enhancements and certain upgrades to our software solutions and online, telephone and email support. Maintenance contracts are typically renewed on an annual basis.
Cost of maintenance is primarily comprised of compensation costs, third-party contractor expenses, third-party royalty costs, allocated depreciation, facilities and IT support costs, amortization of intangible assets from business combinations, amortization of software development costs and other costs incurred in providing support and services to our customers.
The decrease in maintenance revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2016 when compared to the same period in 2015, was primarily related to a reduction in maintenance contracts associated with on-premises Raiser's Edge as customers migrated to our Raiser's Edge NXT cloud-based solution, partially offset by an increase in maintenance contracts associated with Blackbaud Enterprise CRM. The decrease was primarily comprised of (i) $5.4 million of reductions in maintenance from contracts that were migrated to a cloud-based subscription or not renewed and reductions in contracts with existing customers; partially offset by (ii) $3.2 million of incremental maintenance from new customers associated with new license contracts and increases in contracts with existing customers; and (iii) $0.5 million of incremental maintenance from contractual inflationary rate adjustments.
Cost of maintenance decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, primarily as a result of a decrease in compensation costs of $2.0 million from a shift in support headcount from maintenance towards sales, marketing and customer success expense and a shift in the volume of customer support requests from maintenance towards subscriptions. Also contributing to the decrease in compensation costs were improvements in the efficiency of our customer support center.
Maintenance gross margins increased during the three months ended March 31, 2016 when compared to the same period in 2015, primarily due to the shifts in compensation costs from maintenance as discussed above, as well as the improvements in the efficiency of our customer support center.

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Services 
 
 
 
 
Three months ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)
2016(1)

2015

Change

Services revenue
$
32.4

$
31.3

3.5
 %
Cost of services
24.3

27.0

(10.0
)%
Services gross profit
$
8.1

$
4.3

88.4
 %
Services gross margin
25.0
%
13.8
%
 
(1)
Included in services revenue and cost of services for the three months ended March 31, 2016 were insignificant amounts attributable to the inclusion of Smart Tuition.
We derive services revenue from consulting, implementation, education, analytic and installation services. Consulting, implementation and installation services involve converting data from a customer’s existing system, system configuration, process re-engineering and assistance in file set up. Education services involve customer training activities. Analytic services are comprised of donor prospect research, sales of lists of potential donors, benchmarking studies and data modeling services. These analytic services involve the assessment of current and prospective donor information of the customer and are performed using our proprietary analytical tools. The end product is intended to enable organizations to more effectively target their fundraising activities.
Cost of services is primarily comprised of compensation costs, third-party contractor expenses, classroom rentals, costs incurred in providing customer training, data expense incurred to perform analytic services, allocated depreciation, facilities and IT support costs and amortization of intangible assets from business combinations.
Services revenue increased during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, primarily due to increases in both analytic and training services deliveries.
We expect that the continuing shift in our go-to-market strategy towards cloud-based subscription offerings, which, in general, require less implementation services and little to no customization services when compared our traditional on-premises perpetual license arrangements, will negatively impact consulting services revenue growth over time. The maturation of our Blackbaud Enterprise CRM solution, our only remaining perpetual licensed-based offering, is lessening the extent of implementation services required.
The decrease in cost of services during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, was primarily due to a $2.0 million decrease in compensation costs related to a reduction in consulting services headcount from utilization improvements and a reduction in non-billable implementation service hours for our Blackbaud Enterprise CRM solution.
Services gross margin increased during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, primarily due to increased analytics and training revenue coupled with improvements in the utilization of consulting services personnel and a reduction in non-billable implementation hours.

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License fees and other
 
 
 
 
Three months ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)
2016

2015

Change

License fees and other revenue
$
2.8

$
4.3

(34.9
)%
Cost of license fees and other
0.6

1.2

(50.0
)%
License fees and other gross profit
$
2.2

$
3.1

(29.0
)%
License fees and other gross margin
78.7
%
72.9
%
 
License fees and other revenue includes revenue from the sale of our software solutions under perpetual license arrangements, reimbursement of travel-related expenses primarily incurred during the performance of services at customer locations, fees from user conferences and third-party software referral fees.
Cost of license fees and other is primarily comprised of third-party software royalties, variable reseller commissions, amortization of software development costs, compensation costs, costs of business forms, costs of user conferences, reimbursable expenses relating to the performance of services at customer locations, allocated depreciation, facilities and IT support costs and amortization of intangible assets from business combinations.
Revenue from license fees and other decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, primarily as a result of the ongoing transition of our solution portfolio away from a perpetual license-based model toward a cloud-based subscription delivery model. In addition, our larger perpetual license transactions such as those for Blackbaud CRM can be of substantial value, which can result in period-to-period variations in revenue since the license fee revenue associated with these arrangements is generally recognized up front when the arrangements are entered into.
The decrease in cost of license fees and other during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, was primarily due to less reimbursable expenses relating to the performance of services at customer locations.
License fees and other gross margin increased during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, primarily due to the less reimbursable expenses which carry no margin relative to the reduction in license fees revenue.

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Blackbaud, Inc.

Operating expenses
Sales, marketing, and customer success
 
 
 
 
Three months ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)
2016

2015

Change

Sales, marketing and customer success expense
$
35.6

$
28.6

24.5
%
% of total revenue
21.0
%
19.4
%
 

Sales, marketing, and customer success expense includes compensation costs, travel-related expenses, sales commissions, advertising and marketing materials, public relations costs and allocated depreciation, facilities and IT support costs.

We are investing in sales, marketing, and customer success which is a component of our five point growth strategy to accelerate revenue growth. The increase in sales, marketing, and customer success expense in dollars and as a percentage of total revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, was primarily due to increases in compensation costs and commissions expense of $4.1 million and $1.8 million, respectively. Compensation costs increased primarily due to incremental headcount to support the increase in direct sales, marketing, and customer success efforts of our growing operations. The expansion of our customer success program is targeted to ensure our customers are fully realizing the value of our solutions, which we believe will drive customer loyalty and retention and will also result in increased customer referrals. The increase in commission expense was primarily driven by an increase in commissionable revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015. The inclusion of Smart Tuition also contributed to the increases in compensation costs and commissions expense.
Research and development
 
 
 
 
Three months ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)
2016

2015

Change

Research and development expense
$
22.8

$
21.3

7.0
%
% of total revenue
13.5
%
14.5
%
 

Research and development expense includes compensation costs, third-party contractor expenses, software development tools and other expenses related to developing new solutions, upgrading and enhancing existing solutions, and allocated depreciation, facilities and IT support costs.

The increase in research and development expense during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, was primarily due to increases in compensation costs of $2.9 million. We have added engineering headcount to drive our solution development efforts. The inclusion of Smart Tuition contributed to the increase in compensation costs. Also contributing to the increase in research and development expense during the three months ended March 31, 2016 was an increase in third-party contractor expenses of $0.9 million to assist in our solution development efforts. Partially offsetting these increases during the three months ended March 31, 2016 was a $2.5 million increase in the amount of software development costs that were capitalized. The increase in amount capitalized was a result of incurring more qualifying costs associated with development activities that are required to be capitalized under the internal-use software guidance such as those related to development of our Raiser's Edge NXT, Financial Edge NXT and Luminate cloud-based solutions, as well as development costs associated with the solutions of acquired companies. We expect that the increase in the amount of software development costs capitalized will continue in the near-term as we make investments on innovation, quality and the integration of our solutions which we believe will drive revenue growth. Capitalized software development costs associated with our cloud-based solutions are subsequently amortized to cost of subscriptions revenue over the related asset's estimated useful life.

Research and development expense decreased as a percentage of revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same periods in 2015, primarily due to the increase in the amount of software development costs capitalized as discussed above.

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Blackbaud, Inc.

General and administrative
 
 
 
 
Three months ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)
2016

2015

Change

General and administrative expense
$
19.8

$
16.8

17.9
%
% of total revenue
11.7
%
11.5
%
 

General and administrative expense consists primarily of compensation costs for general corporate functions, including senior management, finance, accounting, legal, human resources and corporate development, third-party professional fees, insurance, allocated depreciation, facilities and IT support costs, acquisition-related expenses and other administrative expenses.

The increase in general and administrative expense during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, was primarily due to an increase in compensation costs of $2.7 million. Compensation costs increased primarily due to increases stock-based compensation expense, employee benefit costs and additional resources needed to support the growth of our business. The increase in stock-based compensation expense was primarily driven by an increase in the grant date fair value of our annual equity awards granted during the three months ended March 31, 2016 when compared to the grant date fair value of our annual equity awards granted during the same period in 2015.

General and administrative expense as a percentage of revenue remained relatively unchanged during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015.
Interest expense
 
 
 
 
Three months ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)
2016

2015

Change

Interest expense
$
2.7

$
1.7

58.8
%
% of total revenue
1.6
%
1.1
%
 
Interest expense increased during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, primarily due to an increase in our average daily borrowings related to our acquisition of Smart Tuition in October 2015.

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Blackbaud, Inc.

Deferred revenue
The table below compares the components of deferred revenue from our consolidated balance sheets:
(dollars in millions)
Timing of recognition
March 31,
2016

Change

 
December 31,
2015

Subscriptions
Over the period billed in advance, generally one year
$
122.2

(0.2
)%
 
$
122.5

Maintenance
Over the period billed in advance, generally one year
78.2

(9.0
)%
 
85.9

Services
As services are delivered
27.9

(2.1
)%
 
28.5

License fees and other
Upon delivery of the solution or service
0.7

75.0
 %
 
0.4

Total deferred revenue(1)
 
229.0

(3.5
)%
 
237.3

Less: Long-term portion
 
6.6

(7.0
)%
 
7.1

Current portion(1)
 
$
222.4

(3.4
)%
 
$
230.2

(1)
The individual amounts for each year may not sum to total deferred revenue or current portion of deferred revenue due to rounding.
To the extent that our customers are billed for our solutions and services in advance of delivery, we record such amounts in deferred revenue. We generally invoice our maintenance and subscription customers in annual cycles 30 days prior to the end of the contract term. The decreases in deferred revenue attributable to maintenance, services and license fees and other during the three months ended March 31, 2016 were primarily due to the continuing shift in our go-to-market strategy towards cloud-based subscription offerings, which do not require maintenance contracts and, in general, require less implementation services than our traditional on-premises arrangements. Deferred revenue from subscriptions remained relatively unchanged primarily due to the timing of customer contract renewals, many of which take place at or near the beginning of our third quarter. As a result, our deferred revenue has historically been lower in our first and second quarters as compared to our third and fourth quarters.
We have acquired businesses whose net tangible assets include deferred revenue. In accordance with GAAP reporting requirements, we recorded write-downs of deferred revenue from customer arrangements predating the acquisition to fair value, which resulted in lower recorded deferred revenue as of the acquisition date than the actual amounts paid in advance for solutions and services under those customer arrangements. Therefore, our deferred revenue after an acquisition will not reflect the full amount of deferred revenue that would have been reported if the acquired deferred revenue was not written down to fair value. The impact of acquisition-related deferred revenue write-downs largely impacted deferred revenue from subscriptions as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015. Further explanation of this impact is included below under the caption "Non-GAAP financial measures".
Income tax provision
 
 
 
  
Three months ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)
2016

2015

Change

Income tax provision
$
2.7

$
1.8

50.0
%
Effective income tax rate
34.8
%
29.0
%
 
The increase in our effective income tax rate during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, was primarily due to a discrete tax benefit included in the 2015 period from the settlement of an IRS audit and the estimated impact to our annual 2016 effective tax rate from Section 162(m) nondeductible compensation. Partially offsetting the increase in our effective income tax rate during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, was the benefit of federal and state research tax credits that were permanently enacted into law December 2015 and an increase in the domestic production activities deduction.
Our effective income tax rate may fluctuate quarterly as a result of factors, including transactions entered into, changes in the geographic distribution of our earnings or losses, our assessment of certain tax contingencies, valuation allowances, and changes in tax law in jurisdictions where we conduct business.
We have deferred tax assets for federal, state, and international net operating loss carryforwards and state tax credits. The federal and state net operating loss carryforwards are subject to various Internal Revenue Code limitations and applicable

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Blackbaud, Inc.

state tax laws. A portion of the foreign and state net operating loss carryforwards and a portion of state tax credits have a valuation reserve due to the uncertainty of realizing such carryforwards and credits in the future.
The total amount of unrecognized tax benefit that, if recognized, would favorably affect the effective income tax rate, was $2.3 million at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015. We recognize accrued interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense.
Non-GAAP financial measures
The operating results analyzed below are presented on a non-GAAP basis. We use non-GAAP revenue, non-GAAP gross profit, non-GAAP gross margin, non-GAAP income from operations, non-GAAP operating margin, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share internally in analyzing our operational performance. Accordingly, we believe these non-GAAP measures are useful to investors, as a supplement to GAAP measures, in evaluating our ongoing operational performance. While we believe these non-GAAP measures provide useful supplemental information, non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. In addition, these non-GAAP financial measures may not be completely comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies due to potential differences in the exact method of calculation between companies.
We have acquired businesses whose net tangible assets include deferred revenue. In accordance with GAAP reporting requirements, we recorded write-downs of deferred revenue under arrangements predating the acquisition to fair value, which resulted in lower recognized revenue than the contributed purchase price until the related obligations to provide services under such arrangements are fulfilled. Therefore, our GAAP revenues after the acquisitions will not reflect the full amount of revenue that would have been reported if the acquired deferred revenue was not written down to fair value. The non-GAAP measures described below reverse the acquisition-related deferred revenue write-downs so that the full amount of revenue booked by the acquired companies is included, which we believe provides a more accurate representation of a revenue run-rate in a given period and, therefore, will provide more meaningful comparative results in future periods.
The non-GAAP financial measures discussed below exclude the impact of certain transactions because we believe they are not directly related to our operating performance in any particular period, but are for our long-term benefit over multiple periods. We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures reflect our ongoing business in a manner that allows for meaningful period-to-period comparisons and analysis of trends in our business.
 
Three months ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)
2016

2015

Change

GAAP Revenue
$
169.3

$
147.0

15.2
 %
Non-GAAP adjustments:
 
 
 
Add: Acquisition-related deferred revenue write-down
1.8

3.5

(48.6
)%
Non-GAAP revenue(1)
$
171.0

$
150.5

13.6
 %
 
 
 
 
GAAP gross profit
$
89.3

$
75.2

18.8
 %
GAAP gross margin
52.8
%
51.1
%
 
Non-GAAP adjustments:
 
 
 
Add: Acquisition-related deferred revenue write-down
1.8

3.5

(48.6
)%
Add: Stock-based compensation expense
0.9

0.9

—
 %
Add: Amortization of intangibles from business combinations
9.9

7.6

30.3
 %
Add: Employee severance
0.1

0.6

(83.3
)%
Subtotal(1)
12.6

12.7

(0.8
)%
Non-GAAP gross profit(1)
$
101.9

$
87.8

16.1
 %
Non-GAAP gross margin
59.6
%
58.4
%
 
(1)
The individual amounts for each year may not sum to non-GAAP revenue, subtotal or non-GAAP gross profit due to rounding.

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Blackbaud, Inc.

 
Three months ended March 31,
(dollars in millions, except per share amounts)
2016

2015

Change

GAAP income from operations
$
10.4

$
8.0

30.0
 %
GAAP operating margin
6.2
%
5.5
%
 
Non-GAAP adjustments:
 
 
 
Add: Acquisition-related deferred revenue write-down
1.8

3.5

(48.6
)%
Add: Stock-based compensation expense
7.9

5.1

54.9
 %
Add: Amortization of intangibles from business combinations
10.6

8.1

30.9
 %
Add: Employee severance
0.3

1.1

(72.7
)%
Add: Acquisition-related integration costs
0.4

0.5

(20.0
)%
Add: Acquisition-related expenses
0.1

0.1

—
 %
Subtotal(1)
21.1

18.4

14.7
 %
Non-GAAP income from operations(1)
$
31.6

$
26.5

19.2
 %
Non-GAAP operating margin
18.5
%
17.6
%
 
 
 
 
 
GAAP net income
$
5.0

$
4.3

16.3
 %
Shares used in computing GAAP diluted earnings per share
46,757,458

46,168,096

1.3
 %
GAAP diluted earnings per share
$
0.11

$
0.09

22.2
 %
Non-GAAP adjustments:
 
 
 
Add: Total Non-GAAP adjustments affecting loss from operations
21.1

18.4

14.7
 %
Less: Tax impact related to Non-GAAP adjustments
(6.5
)
(7.8
)
(16.7
)%
Non-GAAP net income(1)
$
19.6

$
14.9

31.5
 %
 
 
 
 
Shares used in computing Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share
46,757,458

46,168,096

1.3
 %
Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share
$
0.42

$
0.32

31.3
 %
(1)
The individual amounts for each year may not sum to subtotal, non-GAAP income from operations or non-GAAP net income due to rounding.
The increases in non-GAAP income from operations and non-GAAP operating margins during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, were primarily due to growth in subscriptions revenue, improvements in the utilization of consulting services personnel and a reduction in non-billable implementation service hours, partially offset by increases in transaction-based costs related to our payments services and compensation costs. The inclusion of Smart Tuition contributed to the increase in subscriptions revenue as well as the increases in costs related to our payment services and compensation costs.

Historically, for the purposes of determining non-GAAP net income, we have utilized a non-GAAP tax rate of 39.0% in our calculation of the tax impact related to non-GAAP adjustments. Beginning in 2016, we now apply a non-GAAP effective tax rate of 32.0% in our calculation of the tax impact on non-GAAP adjustments, which affects the tax impact related to non-GAAP adjustments, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share measures. As announced at our 2015 Investor Day, we previously communicated that we would be adjusting this rate to 36.0% to better reflect our periodic effective tax rate calculated in accordance with GAAP and our then current expectations related to tax rate impacting legislation such as the domestic production activities deduction and certain credits which are recurring in nature. Subsequent to that Investor Day communication, the business research and development tax credit was permanently extended. The non-GAAP effective tax rate utilized will be reviewed annually to determine whether it remains appropriate in consideration of our financial results including our periodic effective tax rate calculated in accordance with GAAP, our operating environment and related tax legislation in effect and other factors deemed necessary. For the three months ended March 31, 2015, the tax impact related to non-GAAP adjustments is calculated under our historical non-GAAP effective tax rate of 39.0%.

First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q
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Non-GAAP organic revenue growth

In addition, we discuss non-GAAP organic revenue growth, non-GAAP organic revenue growth on a constant currency basis and non-GAAP organic recurring revenue growth, which we believe provides useful information for evaluating the periodic growth of our business on a consistent basis. Each of these measures of non-GAAP organic revenue growth excludes incremental acquisition-related revenue attributable to companies acquired in the current fiscal year. For companies acquired in the immediately preceding fiscal year, each of these non-GAAP organic revenue growth measures reflects presentation of full year incremental non-GAAP revenue derived from such companies as if they were combined throughout the prior period, and it includes the non-GAAP revenue attributable to those companies, as if there were no acquisition-related write-downs of acquired deferred revenue to fair value as required by GAAP. In addition, each of these non-GAAP organic revenue growth measures excludes prior period revenue associated with divested businesses. The exclusion of the prior period revenue is to present the results of the divested businesses within the results of the combined company for the same period of time in both the prior and current periods. We believe this presentation provides a more comparable representation of our current business’ organic revenue growth and revenue run-rate. Unaudited calculations of non-GAAP organic revenue growth, non-GAAP organic revenue growth on a constant currency basis and non-GAAP recurring revenue growth for the first quarter of 2016, as well as unaudited reconciliations of those non-GAAP measures to their most directly comparable GAAP measures, are as follows:
(dollars in millions)
Three months ended   March 31,
 
2016

2015

GAAP revenue
$
169.3

$
147.0

GAAP revenue growth
15.1
%
 
 Add: Non-GAAP acquisition-related revenue (1)
1.8

12.3

Less: Revenue from divested businesses (2)
—

(0.4
)
Total Non-GAAP adjustments
1.8

11.9

Non-GAAP revenue
$
171.0

$
158.9

Non-GAAP organic revenue growth
7.6
%
 
 
 
 
Non-GAAP revenue (3)
$
171.0

$
158.9

Foreign currency impact on Non-GAAP organic revenue (4)
1.5

—

Non-GAAP revenue on constant currency basis (4)
$
172.6

$
158.9

Non-GAAP organic revenue growth on constant currency basis
8.6
%
 
 
 
 
GAAP subscriptions revenue
$
96.9

$
72.5

GAAP maintenance revenue
37.2

38.9

GAAP recurring revenue
134.0

111.4

GAAP recurring revenue growth
20.3
%
 
Add: Non-GAAP acquisition-related revenue (1)
1.8

11.9

Less: Revenue from divested businesses (2)
—

(0.2
)
Total Non-GAAP adjustments
1.8

11.7

Non-GAAP recurring revenue
$
135.8

$
123.1

Non-GAAP organic recurring revenue growth
10.3
%
 
(1)
Non-GAAP acquisition-related revenue excludes incremental acquisition-related revenue calculated in accordance with GAAP that is attributable to companies acquired in the current fiscal year. For companies acquired in the immediately preceding fiscal year, non-GAAP acquisition-related revenue reflects presentation of full-year incremental non-GAAP revenue derived from such companies, as if they were combined throughout the prior period, and it includes the non-GAAP revenue from the acquisition-related deferred revenue write-down attributable to those companies.
(2)
For businesses divested in the prior fiscal year, non-GAAP organic revenue growth excludes revenue associated with divested businesses. The exclusion of the prior period revenue is to present the results of the divested business with the results of the combined company for the same period of time in both the prior and current periods.
(3)
Non-GAAP revenue for the prior year periods presented herein may not agree to non-GAAP revenue presented in the respective prior period quarterly financial information solely due to the manner in which non-GAAP organic revenue growth is calculated.
(4)
To determine non-GAAP organic revenue growth on a constant currency basis, revenues from entities reporting in foreign currencies were translated to U.S. Dollars using the comparable prior period's quarterly weighted average foreign currency exchange rates. The primary foreign currencies creating the impact are the Canadian Dollar, EURO, British Pound and Australian Dollar.

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Blackbaud, Inc.

Seasonality
Our revenues normally fluctuate as a result of certain seasonal variations in our business. Our revenue from professional services has historically been lower in the first quarter when many of those services commence and in the fourth quarter due to the holiday season. In addition, our transaction revenue has historically been at its lowest in the first quarter due to the timing of customer fundraising initiatives and events. Our revenue from payment processing services has also historically increased during the fourth quarter due to year-end giving. As a result of these and other factors, our total revenue has historically been lower in the first quarter than in the remainder of our fiscal year, with the third and fourth quarters historically achieving the highest total revenues. Our expenses, however, do not vary significantly as a result of these factors, but do fluctuate on a quarterly basis due to varying timing of expenditures. Our cash flow from operations normally fluctuates quarterly due to the combination of the timing of customer contract renewals including renewals associated with customers of acquired companies, delivery of professional services and occurrence of customer events, the payment of bonuses, as well as merit-based salary increases, among other factors. Historically, due to lower revenues in our first quarter, combined with the payment of bonuses from the prior year in our first quarter, our cash flow from operations has been lowest in our first quarter, and due to the timing of customer contract renewals, many of which take place at or near the beginning of our third quarter, our cash flow from operations has been lower in our second quarter as compared to our third and fourth quarters. Partially offsetting these favorable drivers of cash flow from operations in our third and fourth quarters are merit-based salary increases, which are generally effective in April each year. In addition, deferred revenues can vary on a seasonal basis for the same reasons. These patterns may change as a result of the continued shift to online giving, growth in volume of transactions for which we process payments, or as a result of acquisitions, new market opportunities, new solution introductions or other factors.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The following table presents selected financial information about our financial position:
(dollars in millions)
March 31,
2016

Change

 
December 31,
2015

Cash and cash equivalents
$
12.1

(21.4
)%
 
$
15.4

Property and equipment, net
54.5

3.4
 %
 
52.7

Software development costs, net
23.0

17.3
 %
 
19.6

Total carrying value of debt
422.4

3.5
 %
 
408.1

Working capital
(143.7
)
(14.1
)%
 
(167.2
)
Working capital excluding deferred revenue
78.7

24.9
 %
 
63.0

The following table presents selected financial information about our cash flows:
 
Three months ended March 31,
(dollars in millions)
2016

Change

 
2015

Net cash provided by operating activities
$
0.1

(97.6
)%
 
$
4.2

Net cash used in investing activities
(13.6
)
138.6
 %
 
(5.7
)
Net cash provided by financing activities
9.5

9,400.0
 %
 
0.1

Our principal sources of liquidity are operating cash flow, funds available under the 2014 Credit Facility and cash on hand. Our operating cash flow depends on continued customer renewal of our subscription, maintenance and support arrangements and market acceptance of our solutions and services. Based on current estimates of revenue and expenses, we believe that the currently available sources of funds and anticipated cash flows from operations will be adequate for at least the next twelve months to finance our operations, fund anticipated capital expenditures, meet our debt obligations and pay dividends. Dividend payments are not guaranteed and our Board of Directors may decide, in its absolute discretion, at any time and for any reason, not to declare and pay further dividends and/or repurchase our common stock. To the extent we undertake future material acquisitions, investments or unanticipated capital expenditures, we may require additional capital. In that context, we regularly evaluate opportunities to enhance our capital structure including through potential debt issuances.

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At March 31, 2016, our total cash and cash equivalents balance included approximately $5.2 million of cash that was held by operations outside the U.S. While these funds may not be needed to fund our U.S. operations for at least the next twelve months, if we need these funds, we may be required to accrue and pay taxes to repatriate the funds. We currently do not intend nor anticipate a need to repatriate our cash held outside the U.S.
Operating cash flow
Net cash provided by operating activities of $0.1 million decreased by $4.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, primarily due to a decrease in cash flow from operations associated with working capital. Throughout both periods, our cash flows from operations were derived principally from: (i) our earnings from on-going operations prior to non-cash expenses such as depreciation, amortization, stock-based compensation, amortization of deferred financing costs and debt discount and adjustments to our provision for sales returns and allowances; and (ii) changes in our working capital.
Working capital changes are composed of changes in accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other assets, trade accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities, and deferred revenue. Cash flow from operations associated with working capital decreased $11.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015, primarily due to:
•
an increase in current period bonus payments as a result of an increase in amounts accrued as of December 31, 2015 for over-performance against 2015 targets;
•
an increase in tax payments on behalf of employees for surrendered shares upon vesting of equity awards;
•
the timing of vendor payments; and to a lesser extent
•
a seasonal decrease in customer billings due to the timing of customer contract renewals.
Investing cash flow
Net cash used in investing activities of $13.6 million increased by $8.0 million during the three months ended March 31, 2016, when compared to the same period in 2015. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, we had cash outlays of $7.8 million and $5.8 million for purchases of property and equipment and software development costs, respectively, which were up $5.3 million and$2.7 million, respectively, from cash spent during the same period in 2015. The increase in cash outlays for property and equipment were primarily driven by investments in our information technology infrastructure, technology platforms and infrastructure used in the delivery of our solutions to customers, fluctuations in the timing of vendor payments, various facilities upgrades at a number of our U.S. and international locations, as well as incremental property and equipment costs from prior year business acquisitions. The increase in cash outlays for software development costs was primarily driven by development activities related to the Raiser's Edge NXT, Financial Edge NXT and Luminate cloud-based solutions, development activities for other solutions and the inclusion of software development costs related to solutions historically provided by Smart Tuition.
Financing cash flow
During the three months ended March 31, 2016, we had a net increase in borrowings of $14.1 million compared to a net increase in borrowings of $5.1 million during the same period in 2015. Also during the three months ended March 31, 2016, we paid dividends of $5.7 million, which was relatively consistent with the amount paid in the comparable period of 2015.
2014 Credit Facility
We have drawn on our credit facility from time to time to help us meet financial needs, such as financing for business acquisitions. At March 31, 2016, our available borrowing capacity under the 2014 Credit Facility was $88.5 million. We believe the 2014 Credit Facility will provide us with sufficient flexibility to meet our future financial needs. The 2014 Credit Facility matures in February 2019.
At March 31, 2016, the carrying amount of our debt under the 2014 Credit Facility was $422.4 million. Our average daily borrowings during the three months ended March 31, 2016 were $408.0 million.

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Following is a summary of the financial covenants under our credit facility:
Financial Covenant
Requirement
Ratio as of March 31, 2016
Net Leverage Ratio
≤ 3.50 to 1.00
2.77 to 1.00
Interest Coverage Ratio
≥ 2.50 to 1.00
16.41 to 1.00
Under the 2014 Credit Facility, we also have restrictions on our ability to declare and pay dividends and our ability to repurchase shares of our common stock. In order to pay any cash dividends and/or repurchase shares of stock: (i) no default or event of default shall have occurred and be continuing under the 2014 Credit Facility, and (ii) our pro forma net leverage ratio, as set forth in the 2014 Credit Facility, must be 0.25 less than the net leverage ratio requirement at the time of dividend declaration or share repurchase. At March 31, 2016, we were in compliance with all debt covenants under the 2014 Credit Facility.
Commitments and contingencies
As of March 31, 2016, we had contractual obligations with future minimum commitments as follows:
 
Payments due by period
(in millions)
Total

Less than 1 year

1-3 years

3-5 years

More than 5 years

Recorded contractual obligations:
 
 
 
 
 
Debt(1)
$
424.4

$
4.4

$
420.0

$
—

$
—

Interest payments on debt(2)
1.2

0.9

0.3

—

—

 
 
 
 
 
 
Unrecorded contractual obligations:
 
 
 
 
 
Operating leases(3)
97.7

15.0

26.9

25.0

30.8

Interest payments on debt(4)
26.0

8.9

17.1

—

—

Purchase obligations(5)
15.5

7.7

5.7

2.1


Total contractual obligations
$
564.8

$
36.9

$
470.0

$
27.1

$
30.8

(1)
Represents principal payments only, under the following assumptions: (i) that the amounts outstanding under the 2014 Credit Facility at March 31, 2016 will remain outstanding until maturity, with minimum payments occurring as currently scheduled, and (ii) that there are no assumed future borrowings on the 2014 Revolving Facility for the purposes of determining minimum commitment amounts.
(2)
Represents interest payment obligations related to our interest rate swap agreements.
(3)
Our commitments related to operating leases have not been reduced by incentive payments and reimbursement of leasehold improvements.
(4)
The actual interest expense recognized in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income will depend on the amount of debt, the length of time the debt is outstanding and the interest rate, which could be different from our assumptions described in (1) above.
(5)
We utilize third-party technology in conjunction with our solutions and services, with contractual obligations varying in length from one to four years. In certain cases, these arrangements require a minimum annual purchase commitment by us.
The term loan under the 2014 Credit Facility requires periodic principal payments. The balance of the term loans and any amounts drawn on the revolving credit loans are due upon maturity of the 2014 Credit Facility in February 2019.
The total liability for uncertain tax positions as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, was $3.1 million and $3.0 million, respectively. Our accrued interest and penalties related to tax positions taken on our tax returns was insignificant as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.
In February 2016, our Board of Directors approved our annual dividend rate of $0.48 per share to be made in quarterly payments. Dividends at this annual rate would aggregate to $22.6 million assuming 47.0 million shares of common stock are outstanding, although dividends are not guaranteed and our Board of Directors may decide, in its absolute discretion, to change or suspend dividend payments at any time for any reason. Our ability to continue to declare and pay dividends quarterly this year and beyond might be restricted by, among other things, the terms of the 2014 Credit Facility, general economic conditions and our ability to generate adequate operating cash flow.
In April 2016, our Board of Directors declared a second quarter dividend of $0.12 per share payable on June 15, 2016 to stockholders of record on May 27, 2016.

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Blackbaud, Inc.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of March 31, 2016, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of Regulation S-K promulgated by the SEC, that have or are reasonably likely to have, a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in our financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rates
Approximately 10% of our total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2016 was derived from operations outside the United States. We do not have significant operations in countries in which the economy is considered to be highly inflationary. Our consolidated financial statements are denominated in U.S. dollars and, accordingly, changes in the exchange rate between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar will affect the translation of our subsidiaries’ financial results into U.S. dollars for purposes of reporting our consolidated financial results. The accumulated currency translation adjustment, recorded within other comprehensive loss as a component of stockholders’ equity, was a loss of $0.4 million and $0.8 million as of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.
The vast majority of our contracts are entered into by our U.S. or U.K. entities. The contracts entered into by the U.S. entity are almost always denominated in U.S. dollars or Canadian dollars, and contracts entered into by our U.K., Australian and Irish subsidiaries are generally denominated in Pounds Sterling, Australian dollars and Euros, respectively. Historically, as the U.S. dollar weakened, foreign currency translation resulted in an increase in our revenues and expenses denominated in non-U.S. currencies. Conversely, as the U.S. dollar strengthened, foreign currency translation resulted in a decrease in our revenue and expenses denominated in non-U.S. currencies. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, foreign translation resulted in a decrease in our revenues and expenses denominated in non-U.S. currencies. Though we have exposure to fluctuations in currency exchange rates, primarily those between the U.S. dollar and Canadian dollar, the impact has generally not been material to our consolidated results of operations or financial position. For the three months ended March 31, 2016, the fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rates reduced our total revenue and income from operations by $1.5 million and $0.8 million, respectively. We will continue monitoring such exposure and take action as appropriate. To determine the impacts on total revenue (or income from operations) from fluctuations in currency exchange rates, current period revenues (or income from operations) from entities reporting in foreign currencies were translated into U.S. dollars using the comparable prior year period's weighted average foreign currency exchange rates. These impacts are non-GAAP financial information and are not in accordance with, or an alternative to, information prepared in accordance with GAAP.
Inflation
We do not believe that inflation has had a material effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. If our costs were to become subject to significant inflationary pressures, we may not be able to fully offset such higher costs through price increases. Our inability or failure to do so could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, if inflationary pressures impact the rate of giving to our customers, there could be adverse impacts to our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
There have been no significant changes in our critical accounting policies and estimates during the three months ended March 31, 2016 as compared to those disclosed in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015.

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Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
For a discussion of the impact that recently issued accounting pronouncements are expected to have on our financial position and results of operations when adopted in the future, see Note 2 of our consolidated financial statements in this report.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We have market rate sensitivity for interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates.
Interest Rate Risk
Our variable rate debt is our primary financial instrument with market risk exposure for changing interest rates. We manage our variable rate interest rate risk through a combination of short-term and long-term borrowings and the use of derivative instruments entered into for hedging purposes. Due to the nature of our debt, the materiality of the fair values of the derivative instruments and the highly liquid, short-term nature and level of our cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2016, we believe there is no material risk of exposure to changing interest rates for those positions. There were no significant changes in how we manage interest rate risk between December 31, 2015 and March 31, 2016.
Foreign Currency Risk
For a discussion of our exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, see “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations — Foreign Currency Exchange Rates” in this report.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) are designed only to provide reasonable assurance that they will meet their objectives. As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial and accounting officer), of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(b). Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide the reasonable assurance discussed above.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
No change in internal control over financial reporting occurred during the most recent fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2016 with respect to our operations, which has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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Blackbaud, Inc.

 
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Our operations and financial results are subject to various risks and uncertainties, including those described in Part I, Item IA, "Risk factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and the trading price of our stock. There have been no material changes to our risk factors since our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following table provides information about shares of common stock acquired or repurchased during the three months ended March 31, 2016. All of these acquisitions were of common stock withheld by us to satisfy minimum tax obligations of employees due upon exercise of stock appreciation rights and vesting of restricted stock awards and units. The level of acquisition activity varies from period to period based upon the timing of grants and vesting as well as employee exercise decisions.
Period
Total
number
of shares
purchased

 
Average
price
paid
per
share

 
Total number
of shares
purchased as
part of
publicly
announced
plans or
programs(1)

 
Approximate
dollar value
of shares
that may yet
be purchased
under the
plans or programs
(in thousands)

Beginning balance, January 1, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
50,000

January 1, 2016 through January 31, 2016
—

 
$
—

 
—

 
50,000

February 1, 2016 through February 29, 2016
104,970

 
52.72

 
—

 
50,000

March 1, 2016 through March 31, 2016
—

 
—

 
—

 
50,000

Total
104,970

 
$
52.72

 
—

 
$
50,000

(1)
In August 2010, our Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program that authorized us to purchase up to $50.0 million of our outstanding shares of common stock. We have not made any repurchases under the program to date, and the program does not have an expiration date.

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
The exhibits listed below are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q:
 
 
 
 
Filed In
Exhibit Number
 
Description of Document
 
Filed Herewith
 
Form
 
Exhibit Number
 
Filing Date
10.82
 
Offer Letter Agreement between Blackbaud, Inc. and Brian E. Boruff
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.83
 
Employee Agreement between Blackbaud, Inc. and Brian E. Boruff
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
31.1
 
Certification by the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
31.2
 
Certification by the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
32.1
 
Certification by the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
32.2
 
Certification by the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.INS*
 
XBRL Instance Document.
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.SCH*
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.CAL*
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.DEF*
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.LAB*
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.PRE*
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
 
X
 
 
 
 
 
 
* Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the XBRL related information in Exhibit 101 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended or otherwise subject to liability of that Section, and shall not be part of any registration statement or other document filed under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.


First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q
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Blackbaud, Inc.

 
SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
BLACKBAUD, INC.
 
 
 
 
Date:
May 4, 2016
By:
/s/ Michael P. Gianoni
 
 
 
Michael P. Gianoni
 
 
 
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
(Principal Executive Officer)
 
 
 
 
Date:
May 4, 2016
By:
/s/ Anthony W. Boor
 
 
 
Anthony W. Boor
 
 
 
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)


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First Quarter 2016 Form 10-Q