NMI Holdings, Inc. Reports Second Quarter 2023 Financial Results; Announces Additional $200 Million Share Repurchase Authorization

EMERYVILLE, Calif., Aug. 01, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- NMI Holdings, Inc. (Nasdaq: NMIH) today reported net income of $80.3 million, or $0.95 per diluted share, for the second quarter ended June 30, 2023, which compares to $74.5 million, or $0.88 per diluted share, in the first quarter ended March 31, 2023 and $75.4 million, or $0.86 per diluted share, in the second quarter ended June 30, 2022. Adjusted net income for the quarter was $80.3 million, or $0.95 per diluted share, which compares to $74.5 million, or $0.88 per diluted share, in the first quarter ended March 31, 2023 and $74.3 million, or $0.86 per diluted share, in the second quarter ended June 30, 2022.

The company also announced today that its Board of Directors has authorized an additional $200 million share repurchase plan effective through December 31, 2025.

Adam Pollitzer, President and Chief Executive Officer of National MI, said, “We’re proud to have again delivered standout results in the second quarter, including continued growth in our high-quality insured portfolio, record profitability and strong returns. We ended the quarter with a robust funding position and our additional $200 million repurchase authorization will provide investors with further ability to directly access value as we continue to perform, grow our earnings and compound book value. Looking forward, we’re well positioned to continue to serve our customers and their borrowers, support our talented team, and deliver sustained long-term performance for our shareholders.”

Selected second quarter 2023 highlights include:

  • Primary insurance-in-force at quarter end was $191.3 billion, compared to $186.7 billion at the end of the first quarter and $168.6 billion at the end of the second quarter of 2022
  • Net premiums earned were $126.0 million, compared to $121.8 million in the first quarter and $120.9 million in the second quarter of 2022
  • Total revenue was $142.7 million, compared to $136.8 million in the first quarter and $132.2 million in the second quarter of 2022
  • Underwriting and operating expenses were $27.4 million, compared to $25.8 million in the first quarter and $30.7 million in the second quarter of 2022
  • Insurance claims and claim expenses were $2.9 million, compared to $6.7 million in the first quarter and a benefit of $3.0 million in the second quarter of 2022
  • Shareholders’ equity was $1.7 billion at quarter end and book value per share was $21.25. Book value per share excluding the impact of net unrealized gains and losses in the investment portfolio was $23.53, up 4% compared to $22.56 in the first quarter and 18% compared to $19.91 in the second quarter of 2022
  • Annualized return on equity for the quarter was 18.6%, compared to 17.9% in the first quarter and 19.7% in the second quarter of 2022
  • At quarter-end, total PMIERs available assets were $2.5 billion and net risk-based required assets were $1.3 billion
  Quarter EndedQuarter EndedQuarter EndedChange(1)Change(1)
  6/30/20233/31/20236/30/2022Q/QY/Y
INSURANCE METRICS ($billions)
Primary Insurance-in-Force $191.3 $186.7 $168.6 2%13%
New Insurance Written - NIW      
 Monthly premium 11.3  8.6  15.7 32%(28)%
 Single premium 0.2  0.2  0.9 15%(77)%
 Total(2) 11.5  8.7  16.6 31%(31)%
       
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (Unaudited, $millions, except per share amounts)
       
Net Premiums Earned  126.0  121.8  120.9 3%4%
Insurance Claims and Claim Expenses (Benefits) 2.9  6.7  (3.0)(57)%N/A
Underwriting and Operating Expenses 27.4  25.8  30.7 6%(11)%
Net Income  80.3  74.5  75.4 8%6%
Book Value per Share (excluding net unrealized gains and losses)(3) 23.53  22.56  19.91 4%18%
Loss Ratio  2.3% 5.5% (2.5)%  
Expense Ratio  21.8% 21.2% 25.4%  
             

(1) Percentages may not be replicated based on the rounded figures presented in the table.
(2) Total may not foot due to rounding.
(3) Book value per share (excluding net unrealized gains and losses) is defined as total shareholder's equity, excluding the after-tax effects of unrealized gains and losses on our investment portfolio, divided by shares outstanding.

Conference Call and Webcast Details

The company will hold a conference call, which will be webcast live today, August 1, 2023, at 2:00 p.m. Pacific Time / 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time. The webcast will be available on the company's website, www.nationalmi.com, in the "Investor Relations" section. The conference call can also be accessed by dialing (844) 481-2708 in the U.S., or (412) 317-0664 internationally by referencing NMI Holdings, Inc.

About NMI Holdings, Inc.

NMI Holdings, Inc. (NASDAQ: NMIH), is the parent company of National Mortgage Insurance Corporation (National MI), a U.S.-based, private mortgage insurance company enabling low down payment borrowers to realize home ownership while protecting lenders and investors against losses related to a borrower's default. To learn more, please visit www.nationalmi.com.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements contained in this press release or any other written or oral statements made by or on behalf of the Company in connection therewith may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), and the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the "PSLRA"). The PSLRA provides a "safe harbor" for any forward-looking statements. All statements other than statements of historical fact included in or incorporated by reference in this release are forward-looking statements, including any statements about our expectations, outlook, beliefs, plans, predictions, forecasts, objectives, assumptions or future events or performance. These statements are often, but not always, made through the use of words or phrases such as "anticipate," "believe," "can," "could," "may," "predict," "assume," "potential," "should," "will," "estimate," "perceive," "plan," "project," "continuing," "ongoing," "expect," "intend" and similar words or phrases. All forward-looking statements are only predictions and involve estimates, known and unknown risks, assumptions and uncertainties that may turn out to be inaccurate and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in them. Many risks and uncertainties are inherent in our industry and markets. Others are more specific to our business and operations. Important factors that could cause actual events or results to differ materially from those indicated in such statements include, but are not limited to: changes in general economic, market and political conditions and policies (including rising interest rates and inflation) and investment results or other conditions that affect the U.S. housing market or the U.S. markets for home mortgages, mortgage insurance, reinsurance and credit risk transfer markets, including the risk related to geopolitical instability, inflation, an economic downturn (including any decline in home prices) or recession, and their impacts on our business, operations and personnel; changes in the charters, business practices, policy, pricing or priorities of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac (collectively, the GSEs), which may include decisions that have the impact of decreasing or discontinuing the use of mortgage insurance as credit enhancement generally, or with first time homebuyers or on very high loan-to-value mortgages; or changes in the direction of housing policy objectives of the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA), such as the FHFA's priority to increase the accessibility to and affordability of homeownership for low-and-moderate income borrowers and underrepresented communities; our ability to remain an eligible mortgage insurer under the private mortgage insurer eligibility requirements (PMIERs) and other requirements imposed by the GSEs, which they may change at any time; retention of our existing certificates of authority in each state and the District of Columbia (D.C.) and our ability to remain a mortgage insurer in good standing in each state and D.C.; our future profitability, liquidity and capital resources; actions of existing competitors, including other private mortgage insurers and government mortgage insurers such as the Federal Housing Administration, the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Rural Housing Service and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (collectively, government MIs), and potential market entry by new competitors or consolidation of existing competitors; adoption of new or changes to existing laws, rules and regulations that impact our business or financial condition directly or the mortgage insurance industry generally or their enforcement and implementation by regulators, including the implementation of the final rules defining and/or concerning "Qualified Mortgage" and "Qualified Residential Mortgage"; U.S. federal tax reform and other potential changes in tax law and their impact on us and our operations; legislative or regulatory changes to the GSEs' role in the secondary mortgage market or other changes that could affect the residential mortgage industry generally or mortgage insurance industry in particular; potential legal and regulatory claims, investigations, actions, audits or inquiries that could result in adverse judgements, settlements, fines or other reliefs that could require significant expenditures or have other negative effects on our business; uncertainty relating to the coronavirus (COVID-19) virus and its variants or the measures taken by governmental authorities and other third-parties to contain the spread of COVID-19, including their impact on the global economy, the U.S. housing, real estate, housing finance and mortgage insurance markets, and our business, operations and personnel; our ability to successfully execute and implement our capital plans, including our ability to access the equity, credit and reinsurance markets and to enter into, and receive approval of, reinsurance arrangements on terms and conditions that are acceptable to us, the GSEs and our regulators; lenders, the GSEs, or other market participants seeking alternatives to private mortgage insurance; our ability to implement our business strategy, including our ability to write mortgage insurance on high quality low down payment residential mortgage loans, implement successfully and on a timely basis, complex infrastructure, systems, procedures, and internal controls to support our business and regulatory and reporting requirements of the insurance industry; our ability to attract and retain a diverse customer base, including the largest mortgage originators; failure of risk management or pricing or investment strategies; decrease in the length of time our insurance policies are in force; emergence of unexpected claim and coverage issues, including claims exceeding our reserves or amounts we had expected to experience; potential adverse impacts arising from natural disasters including, with respect to affected areas, a decline in new business, adverse effects on home prices, and an increase in notices of default on insured mortgages; climate risk and efforts to manage or regulate climate risk by government agencies could affect our business and operations; potential adverse impacts arising from the occurrence of any man-made disasters or public health emergencies, including pandemics; the inability of our counter-parties, including third-party reinsurers, to meet their obligations to us; failure to maintain, improve and continue to develop necessary information technology systems or the failure of technology providers to perform; effectiveness and security of our information technology systems and digital products and services, including the risks these systems, products or services may fail to operate as expected or planned, or expose us to cybersecurity or third-party risks (including exposure of our confidential customer and other confidential information); and ability to recruit, train and retain key personnel. These risks and uncertainties also include, but are not limited to, those set forth under the heading "Risk Factors" detailed in Item 1A of Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, as subsequently updated through other reports we file with the SEC. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to the Company or persons acting on its behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements. We caution you not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statement, which speaks only as of the date on which it is made, and we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement to reflect new information, future events or circumstances that occur after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events except as required by law.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We believe the use of the non-GAAP measures of adjusted income before tax, adjusted net income, adjusted diluted EPS, adjusted return-on-equity, adjusted expense ratio, adjusted combined ratio and book value per share (excluding net unrealized gains and losses) enhances the comparability of our fundamental financial performance between periods, and provides relevant information to investors. These non-GAAP financial measures align with the way the company's business performance is evaluated by management. These measures are not prepared in accordance with GAAP and should not be viewed as alternatives to GAAP measures of performance. These measures have been presented to increase transparency and enhance the comparability of our fundamental operating trends across periods. Other companies may calculate these measures differently; their measures may not be comparable to those we calculate and present.

Adjusted income before tax is defined as GAAP income before tax, excluding the pre-tax effects of the gain or loss related to the change in fair value of our warrant liability, periodic costs incurred in connection with capital markets transactions, net realized gains or losses from our investment portfolio, and other infrequent, unusual or non-operating items in the periods in which such items are incurred.

Adjusted net income is defined as GAAP net income, excluding the after-tax effects of the gain or loss related to the change in fair value of our warrant liability, periodic costs incurred in connection with capital markets transactions, net realized gains or losses from our investment portfolio, and other infrequent, unusual or non-operating items in the periods in which such items are incurred. Adjustments to components of pre-tax income are tax effected using the applicable federal statutory tax rate for the respective periods.

Adjusted diluted EPS is defined as adjusted net income divided by adjusted weighted average diluted shares outstanding. Adjusted weighted average diluted shares outstanding is defined as weighted average diluted shares outstanding, adjusted for changes in the dilutive effect of non-vested shares that would otherwise have occurred had GAAP net income been calculated in accordance with adjusted net income. There will be no adjustment to weighted average diluted shares outstanding in the periods that non-vested shares are anti-dilutive under GAAP.

Adjusted return on equity is calculated by dividing adjusted net income on an annualized basis by the average shareholders' equity for the period.

Adjusted expense ratio is defined as GAAP underwriting and operating expenses, excluding the pre-tax effects of periodic costs incurred in connection with capital markets transactions, divided by net premiums earned.

Adjusted combined ratio is defined as the total of GAAP underwriting and operating expenses, excluding the pre-tax effects of periodic costs incurred in connection with capital markets transactions and insurance claims and claims expenses, divided by net premiums earned.

Book value per share (excluding net unrealized gains and losses) is defined as total shareholder's equity, excluding the after-tax effects of unrealized gains and losses on investments, divided by shares outstanding.

Although adjusted income before tax, adjusted net income, adjusted diluted EPS, adjusted return-on-equity, adjusted expense ratio, adjusted combined ratio and book value per share (excluding net unrealized gains and losses) exclude certain items that have occurred in the past and are expected to occur in the future, the excluded items: (1) are not viewed as part of the operating performance of our primary activities; or (2) are impacted by market, economic or regulatory factors and are not necessarily indicative of operating trends, or both. These adjustments, and the reasons for their treatment, are described below.

(1) Change in fair value of warrant liability. Outstanding warrants at the end of each reporting period are revalued, and any change in fair value is reported in the statement of operations in the period in which the change occurred. The change in fair value of our warrant liability can vary significantly across periods and is influenced principally by equity market and general economic factors that do not impact or reflect our current period operating results. Furthermore, all unexercised warrants expired in April 2022 and, as such, no change in fair value will be recognized in future reporting periods. We believe trends in our operating performance can be more clearly identified by excluding fluctuations related to the change in fair value of our warrant liability.

(2) Capital markets transaction costs. Capital markets transaction costs result from activities that are undertaken to improve our debt profile or enhance our capital position through activities such as debt refinancing and capital markets reinsurance transactions that may vary in their size and timing due to factors such as market opportunities, tax and capital profile, and overall market cycles.

(3) Net realized investment gains and losses. The recognition of the net realized investment gains or losses can vary significantly across periods as the timing is highly discretionary and is influenced by factors such as market opportunities, tax and capital profile, and overall market cycles that do not reflect our current period operating results.

(4) Other infrequent, unusual or non-operating items. Items that are the result of unforeseen or uncommon events, and are not expected to recur with frequency in the future. Identification and exclusion of these items provides clarity about the impact special or rare occurrences may have on our current financial performance. Past adjustments under this category include infrequent, unusual or non-operating adjustments related to severance, restricted stock modification and other expenses incurred in connection with the CEO transition announced in September 2021 and the effects of the release of the valuation allowance recorded against our net federal and certain state net deferred tax assets in 2016 and the re-measurement of our net deferred tax assets in connection with tax reform in 2017. We believe such items are infrequent or non-recurring in nature, and are not indicative of the performance of, or ongoing trends in, our primary operating activities or business.

(5) Net unrealized gains and losses on investments. The recognition of the net unrealized gains or losses on investment can vary significantly across periods and is influenced by factors such as interest rate movement, overall market and economic conditions, and tax and capital profiles. These valuation adjustments may not necessarily result in economic gains or losses and not reflective of ongoing operations. Trends in the profitability of our fundamental operating activities can be more clearly identified without the fluctuations of these unrealized gains or losses.

Investor Contact
John M. Swenson
Vice President, Investor Relations and Treasury
john.swenson@nationalmi.com
(510) 788-8417


Consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) (unaudited)For the three months ended June 30, For the six months ended June 30,
 2023 2022 2023 2022
 (In Thousands, except for per share data)
Revenues       
Net premiums earned$125,985  $120,870  $247,739  $237,365 
Net investment income 16,518   10,921   31,412   21,120 
Net realized investment gains (losses)    53   (33)  461 
Other revenues 182   376   346   715 
Total revenues 142,685   132,220   279,464   259,661 
Expenses       
Insurance claims and claim expenses (benefits) 2,873   (3,036)  9,574   (3,655)
Underwriting and operating expenses 27,448   30,700   53,234   63,635 
Service expenses 267   336   347   766 
Interest expense 8,048   8,051   16,087   16,092 
Gain from change in fair value of warrant liability    (1,020)     (1,113)
Total expenses 38,636   35,031   79,242   75,725 
        
Income before income taxes 104,049   97,189   200,222   183,936 
Income tax expense 23,765   21,745   45,480   40,812 
Net income$80,284  $75,444  $154,742  $143,124 
        
Earnings per share       
Basic$0.97  $0.88  $1.86  $1.67 
Diluted$0.95  $0.86  $1.83  $1.63 
        
Weighted average common shares outstanding       
Basic 82,958   85,734   83,277   85,842 
Diluted 84,190   86,577   84,504   86,943 
        
Loss ratio(1) 2.3%  (2.5)%  3.9%  (1.5)%
Expense ratio(2) 21.8%  25.4%  21.5%  26.8%
Combined ratio(3) 24.1%  22.9%  25.4%  25.3%
        
Net income$80,284  $75,444  $154,742  $143,124 
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:       
Unrealized (losses) gains in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax (benefit) expense of $(4,120) and $(17,004) for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, and $4,513 and $(43,180) for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively (15,499)  (63,967)  16,977   (162,438)
Reclassification adjustment for realized (gains) losses included in net income, net of tax expense (benefit) of $0 and $11 for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, and $(7) and $97 for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively    (44)  26   (367)
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax (15,499)  (64,011)  17,003   (162,805)
Comprehensive income (loss)$64,785  $11,433  $171,745  $(19,681)
                

(1) Loss ratio is calculated by dividing insurance claims and claim expenses (benefits) by net premiums earned.
(2) Expense ratio is calculated by dividing other underwriting and operating expenses by net premiums earned.
(3) Combined ratio may not foot due to rounding.

Consolidated balance sheets (unaudited)June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
Assets(In Thousands, except for share data)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $2,465,556 and $2,352,747 as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively)$2,233,656  $2,099,389 
Cash and cash equivalents (including restricted cash of $2,222 and $2,176 as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively) 73,319   44,426 
Premiums receivable 72,367   69,680 
Accrued investment income 17,393   14,144 
Deferred policy acquisition costs, net 61,162   58,564 
Software and equipment, net 32,262   31,930 
Intangible assets and goodwill 3,634   3,634 
Reinsurance recoverable 24,023   21,587 
Prepaid federal income taxes 154,409   154,409 
Other assets 17,625   18,267 
Total assets$2,689,850  $2,516,030 
    
Liabilities   
Debt$396,808  $396,051 
Unearned premiums 105,067   123,035 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 72,506   74,576 
Reserve for insurance claims and claim expenses 110,448   99,836 
Reinsurance funds withheld 1,696   2,674 
Deferred tax liability, net 242,144   193,859 
Other liabilities 12,226   12,272 
Total liabilities 940,895   902,303 
    
Shareholders' equity   
Common stock - class A shares, $0.01 par value; 86,925,030 shares issued and 82,289,763 shares outstanding as of June 30, 2023 and 86,472,742 shares issued and 83,549,879 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2022 (250,000,000 shares authorized) 870   865 
Additional paid-in capital 977,295   972,717 
Treasury Stock, at cost: 4,635,267 and 2,922,863 common shares as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively (97,675)  (56,575)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax (187,320)  (204,323)
Retained earnings 1,055,785   901,043 
Total shareholders' equity 1,748,955   1,613,727 
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity$2,689,850  $2,516,030 
        


Non-GAAP Financial Measure Reconciliations (unaudited)
 As of and for the three months ended For the six months ended
 6/30/2023 3/31/2023 6/30/2022 06/30/23 6/30/2022
As Reported(In Thousands, except for per share data)
Revenues         
Net premiums earned$125,985  $121,754  $120,870  $247,739  $237,365 
Net investment income 16,518   14,894   10,921   31,412   21,120 
Net realized investment (losses) gains    (33)  53   (33)  461 
Other revenues 182   164   376   346   715 
Total revenues 142,685   136,779   132,220   279,464   259,661 
Expenses         
Insurance claims and claim expenses (benefits) 2,873   6,701   (3,036)  9,574   (3,655)
Underwriting and operating expenses 27,448   25,786   30,700   53,234   63,635 
Service expenses 267   80   336   347   766 
Interest expense 8,048   8,039   8,051   16,087   16,092 
Gain from change in fair value of warrant liability       (1,020)     (1,113)
Total expenses 38,636   40,606   35,031   79,242   75,725 
Income before income taxes 104,049   96,173   97,189   200,222   183,936 
Income tax expense 23,765   21,715   21,745   45,480   40,812 
Net income $80,284  $74,458  $75,444  $154,742  $143,124 
          
Adjustments:         
Net realized investment losses (gains)    33   (53)  33   (461)
Gain from change in fair value of warrant liability       (1,020)     (1,113)
Capital markets transaction costs       (55)     205 
Adjusted income before taxes 104,049   96,206   96,061   200,255   182,567 
          
Income tax expense (benefit) on adjustments (1)    7   (23)  7   (54)
Adjusted net income$80,284  $74,484  $74,339  $154,768  $141,809 
          
Weighted average diluted shares outstanding 84,190   84,840   86,577   84,504   86,943 
          
Diluted EPS $0.95  $0.88  $0.86  $1.83  $1.63 
Adjusted diluted EPS $0.95  $0.88  $0.86  $1.83  $1.63 
          
Return-on-equity  18.6%  17.9%  19.7%  18.4%  18.5%
Adjusted return-on-equity 18.6%  17.9%  19.4%  18.4%  18.4%
          
Expense ratio (2) 21.8%  21.2%  25.4%  21.5%  26.8%
Adjusted expense ratio (3) 21.8%  21.2%  25.4%  21.5%  26.7%
          
Combined ratio (4) 24.1%  26.7%  22.9%  25.4%  25.3%
Adjusted combined ratio (5) 24.1%  26.7%  22.9%  25.4%  25.2%
          
Book value per share (6)$21.25  $20.49  $18.01     
Book value per share (excluding net unrealized gains and losses) (7)$23.53  $22.56  $19.91     
                

(1) Marginal tax impact of non-GAAP adjustments is calculated based on our statutory U.S. federal corporate income tax rate of 21%, except for those items that are not eligible for an income tax deduction.
(2) Expense ratio is calculated by dividing underwriting and operating expenses by net premiums earned.
(3) Adjusted expense ratio is calculated by dividing adjusted underwriting and operating expense (underwriting and operating expenses excluding costs related to capital markets reinsurance transactions) by net premiums earned.
(4) Combined ratio is calculated by dividing the total of underwriting and operating expenses and insurance claims and claims expenses (benefit) by net premiums earned.
(5) Adjusted combined ratio is calculated by dividing the total of adjusted underwriting and operating expenses (underwriting and operating expenses excluding costs related to capital market reinsurance transaction) and insurance claims and claims expenses (benefit) by net premiums earned.
(6) Book value per share is calculated by dividing total shareholder's equity by shares outstanding.
(7) Book value per share (excluding net unrealized gains and losses) is defined as total shareholder's equity, excluding the after-tax effects of unrealized gains and losses on our investment portfolio, divided by shares outstanding.

Historical Quarterly Data2023 2022
 June 30 March 31 December 31 September 30 June 30 March 31
 (In Thousands, except for per share data)
Revenues           
Net premiums earned$125,985  $121,754  $119,584  $118,317  $120,870  $116,495 
Net investment income 16,518   14,894   13,341   11,945   10,921   10,199 
Net realized investment (losses) gains    (33)  6   14   53   408 
Other revenues 182   164   176   301   376   339 
Total revenues 142,685   136,779   133,107   130,577   132,220   127,441 
Expenses           
Insurance claims and claim expenses (benefits) 2,873   6,701   3,450   (3,389)  (3,036)  (619)
Underwriting and operating expenses 27,448   25,786   26,711   27,144   30,700   32,935 
Service expenses 267   80   131   197   336   430 
Interest expense 8,048   8,039   8,035   8,036   8,051   8,041 
Gain from change in fair value of warrant liability             (1,020)  (93)
Total expenses 38,636   40,606   38,327   31,988   35,031   40,694 
            
Income before income taxes 104,049   96,173   94,780   98,589   97,189   86,747 
Income tax expense 23,765   21,715   21,840   21,751   21,745   19,067 
Net income$80,284  $74,458  $72,940  $76,838  $75,444  $67,680 
            
Earnings per share           
Basic$0.97  $0.89  $0.87  $0.91  $0.88  $0.79 
Diluted$0.95  $0.88  $0.86  $0.90  $0.86  $0.77 
            
Weighted average common shares outstanding           
Basic 82,958   83,600   83,592   84,444   85,734   85,953 
Diluted 84,190   84,840   84,809   85,485   86,577   87,310 
            
Other data           
Loss ratio(1) 2.3%  5.5%  2.9%  (2.9)%  (2.5)%  (0.5)%
Expense ratio(2) 21.8%  21.2%  22.3%  22.9%  25.4%  28.3%
Combined ratio(3) 24.1%  26.7%  25.2%  20.1%  22.9%  27.7%
                        

(1) Loss ratio is calculated by dividing insurance claims and claim expenses (benefits) by net premiums earned.
(2) Expense ratio is calculated by dividing underwriting and operating expenses by net premiums earned.
(3) Combined ratio may not foot due to rounding.

Portfolio Statistics

The table below highlights trends in our primary portfolio as of the date and for the periods indicated.

Primary portfolio trendsAs of and for the three months ended
 June 30, 2023 March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 September 30, 2022 June 30, 2022 March 31, 2022
 ($ Values In Millions, except as noted below)
New insurance written (NIW)$11,478  $8,734  $10,719  $17,239  $16,611  $14,165 
New risk written 3,022   2,258   2,797   4,616   4,386   3,721 
Insurance in force (IIF)(1) 191,306   186,724   183,968   179,173   168,639   158,877 
Risk in force(1) 49,875   48,494   47,648   46,259   43,260   40,522 
Policies in force (count)(1) 611,441   600,294   594,142   580,525   551,543   526,976 
Average loan size($ value in thousands)(1)$313  $311  $310  $309  $306  $301 
Coverage percentage(2) 26.1%  26.0%  25.9%  25.8%  25.7%  25.5%
Loans in default (count)(1) 4,349   4,475   4,449   4,096   4,271   5,238 
Default rate(1) 0.71%  0.75%  0.75%  0.71%  0.77%  0.99%
Risk in force on defaulted loans(1)$335  $337  $323  $284  $295  $362 
Net premium yield(3) 0.27%  0.26%  0.26%  0.27%  0.30%  0.30%
Earnings from cancellations$1.1  $1.4  $1.5  $1.8  $2.2  $2.9 
Annual persistency(4) 86.0%  85.1%  83.5%  80.1%  76.0%  71.5%
Quarterly run-off(5) 3.7%  3.2%  3.3%  4.0%  4.3%  5.0%

(1) Reported as of the end of the period.
(2) Calculated as end of period risk-in-force (RIF) divided by end of period IIF.
(3) Calculated as net premiums earned, divided by average primary IIF for the period, annualized.
(4) Defined as the percentage of IIF that remains on our books after a given twelve-month period.
(5) Defined as the percentage of IIF that is no longer on our books after a given three-month period.

NIW, IIF and Premiums

The tables below present primary NIW and primary and pool IIF, as of the dates and for the periods indicated.

Primary NIWFor the three months ended
 June 30, 2023 March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 September 30, 2022 June 30, 2022 March 31, 2022
 (In Millions)
Monthly$11,266 $8,550 $10,451 $16,676 $15,695 $13,094
Single 212  184  268  563  916  1,071
Primary$11,478 $8,734 $10,719 $17,239 $16,611 $14,165


Primary and pool IIFAs of
 June 30, 2023 March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 September 30, 2022 June 30, 2022 March 31, 2022
 (In Millions)
Monthly$171,685 $166,924 $163,903 $158,897 $148,488 $139,156
Single 19,621  19,800  20,065  20,276  20,151  19,721
Primary 191,306  186,724  183,968  179,173  168,639  158,877
            
Pool 1,000  1,025  1,049  1,078  1,114  1,162
Total$192,306 $187,749 $185,017 $180,251 $169,753 $160,039
                  

The following table presents the amounts related to the company's quota-share reinsurance transactions (the 2016 QSR Transaction, 2018 QSR Transaction, 2020 QSR Transaction, 2021 QSR Transaction, 2022 QSR Transaction, 2022 Seasoned QSR Transaction, and 2023 QSR Transaction and collectively, the QSR Transactions), insurance-linked note transactions (2018 ILN Transaction, 2019 ILN Transaction, 2020-2 ILN Transaction, 2021-1 ILN Transaction, and 2021-2 ILN Transaction and collectively, the ILN Transactions), and traditional reinsurance transactions (2022-1 XOL Transaction, 2022-2 XOL Transaction, 2022-3 XOL Transaction and 2023-1 XOL Transaction and collectively, the XOL Transactions) for the periods indicated.

 For the three months ended
 June 30, 2023 March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 September 30, 2022 June 30, 2022 March 31, 2022
 (In Thousands)
The QSR Transactions           
Ceded risk-in-force$12,761,294  $12,635,442  $12,617,169  $12,511,797  $9,040,944  $8,504,853 
Ceded premiums earned (42,002)  (42,096)  (42,246)  (42,265)  (30,231)  (29,005)
Ceded claims and claim expenses (benefits) 803   1,965   1,934   248   (403)  (159)
Ceding commission earned 9,877   9,965   10,089   10,193   6,146   5,886 
Profit commission 23,486   22,279   22,314   23,899   17,778   16,723 
The ILN Transactions(1)           
Ceded premiums$(8,815) $(9,095) $(10,112) $(10,730) $(10,132) $(10,939)
The XOL Transactions           
Ceded Premiums$(7,672) $(7,237) $(6,199) $(4,808) $(2,907) $ 
                        

(1) Effective March 25, 2022 and April 25, 2022, NMIC exercised its optional clean-up call to terminate and commute its previously outstanding excess of loss reinsurance agreements with Oaktown Re Ltd. and Oaktown Re IV Ltd., respectively. Effective July 25, 2023, NMIC exercised its optional call to terminate and commute its previously outstanding excess of loss reinsurance agreement with Oaktown Re II Ltd. NMIC no longer makes risk premium payments to Oaktown Re Ltd., Oaktown Re II Ltd. and Oaktown Re IV Ltd. thereafter.

The tables below present our total primary NIW by FICO, loan-to-value (LTV) ratio, and purchase/refinance mix for the periods indicated.

Primary NIW by FICOFor the three months ended For the six months ended
 June 30, 2023 March 31, 2023 June 30, 2022 June 30, 2023 June 30, 2022
 (In Millions)
>= 760$6,919 $5,251 $7,990 $12,170 $14,362
740-759 1,836  1,514  2,900  3,350  5,288
720-739 1,541  1,107  2,056  2,648  3,993
700-719 668  456  1,650  1,124  3,289
680-699 413  342  1,277  755  2,521
<=679 101  64  738  165  1,323
Total$11,478 $8,734 $16,611 $20,212 $30,776
Weighted average FICO 763  762  751  762  750


Primary NIW by LTVFor the three months ended For the six months ended
 June 30, 2023 March 31, 2023 June 30, 2022 June 30, 2023 June 30, 2022
 (In Millions)
95.01% and above$1,003  $358  $1,577  $1,361  $2,943 
90.01% to 95.00% 5,323   4,085   8,253   9,408   15,308 
85.01% to 90.00% 3,891   3,234   4,772   7,125   8,640 
85.00% and below 1,261   1,057   2,009   2,318   3,885 
Total$11,478  $8,734  $16,611  $20,212  $30,776 
Weighted average LTV 92.0%  91.6%  92.2%  91.9%  92.1%


Primary NIW by purchase/refinance mixFor the three months ended For the six months ended
 June 30, 2023 March 31, 2023 June 30, 2022 June 30, 2023 June 30, 2022
 (In Millions)
Purchase$11,233 $8,494 $16,203 $19,727 $29,601
Refinance 245  240  408  485  1,175
Total$11,478 $8,734 $16,611 $20,212 $30,776
               

The table below presents a summary of our primary IIF and RIF by book year as of June 30, 2023.

Primary IIF and RIFAs of June 30, 2023
 IIF RIF
 (In Millions)
June 30, 2023$19,811 $5,176
2022 54,739  14,496
2021 68,016  17,553
2020 30,799  7,978
2019 8,385  2,220
2018 and before 9,556  2,452
Total$191,306 $49,875
      

The tables below present our total primary IIF and RIF by FICO and LTV, and total primary RIF by loan type as of the dates indicated.

Primary IIF by FICOAs of
 June 30, 2023 March 31, 2023 June 30, 2022
 (In Millions)
>= 760$94,931 $91,623 $83,769
740-759 33,841  33,156  29,195
720-739 26,862  26,233  23,240
700-719 18,261  18,203  16,221
680-699 12,506  12,502  11,160
<=679 4,905  5,007  5,054
Total$191,306 $186,724 $168,639


Primary RIF by FICOAs of
 June 30, 2023 March 31, 2023 June 30, 2022
 (In Millions)
>= 760$24,472 $23,472 $21,159
740-759 8,888  8,692  7,564
720-739 7,090  6,903  6,044
700-719 4,865  4,847  4,289
680-699 3,315  3,311  2,936
<=679 1,245  1,269  1,268
Total$49,875 $48,494 $43,260


Primary IIF by LTVAs of
 June 30, 2023 March 31, 2023 June 30, 2022
 (In Millions)
95.01% and above$18,141 $17,583 $16,068
90.01% to 95.00% 91,719  89,125  77,804
85.01% to 90.00% 58,210  56,425  51,029
85.00% and below 23,236  23,591  23,738
Total$191,306 $186,724 $168,639


Primary RIF by LTVAs of
 June 30, 2023 March 31, 2023 June 30, 2022
 (In Millions)
95.01% and above$5,600 $5,413 $4,914
90.01% to 95.00% 27,097  26,326  22,974
85.01% to 90.00% 14,400  13,937  12,553
85.00% and below 2,778  2,818  2,819
Total$49,875 $48,494 $43,260


Primary RIF by Loan TypeAs of
 June 30, 2023 March 31, 2023 June 30, 2022
Fixed98% 98% 99%
Adjustable rate mortgages:     
Less than five years     
Five years and longer2  2  1 
Total100% 100% 100%
         

The table below presents a summary of the change in total primary IIF for the dates and periods indicated.

Primary IIFAs of and for the three months ended
 June 30, 2023 March 31, 2023 June 30, 2022
 (In Millions)
IIF, beginning of period$186,724  $183,968  $158,877 
NIW 11,478   8,734   16,611 
Cancellations, principal repayments and other reductions (6,896)  (5,978)  (6,849)
IIF, end of period$191,306  $186,724  $168,639 
            

Geographic Dispersion

The following table shows the distribution by state of our primary RIF as of the periods indicated.

Top 10 primary RIF by stateAs of
 June 30, 2023 March 31, 2023 June 30, 2022
California10.4% 10.5% 10.8%
Texas8.7  8.8  9.0 
Florida7.9  8.0  8.3 
Georgia4.1  4.1  4.0 
Virginia4.0  4.1  4.3 
Washington4.0  4.0  3.9 
Illinois3.9  3.9  3.9 
Pennsylvania3.4  3.4  3.3 
Colorado3.4  3.5  3.7 
Maryland3.3  3.3  3.5 
Total53.1% 53.6% 54.7%
         

The table below presents selected primary portfolio statistics, by book year, as of June 30, 2023.

 As of June 30, 2023
Book YearOriginal Insurance Written Remaining Insurance in Force % Remaining of Original Insurance Policies
Ever in
Force
 Number of Policies in Force Number of Loans in Default # of Claims Paid Incurred
Loss Ratio (Inception to Date)
(1)
 Cumulative Default
Rate
(2)
 Current
default
rate
(3)
 ($ Values In Millions)  
2014 and prior$3,613 $188 5% 15,441 1,191 14 56 3.7% 0.5% 1.2%
2015 12,422  1,098 9% 52,548 6,170 104 131 2.5% 0.4% 1.7%
2016 21,187  2,263 11% 83,626 11,926 220 157 1.8% 0.5% 1.8%
2017 21,582  2,782 13% 85,897 14,989 403 129 2.4% 0.6% 2.7%
2018 27,295  3,225 12% 104,043 16,736 480 121 3.6% 0.6% 2.9%
2019 45,141  8,385 19% 148,423 35,522 546 44 3.3% 0.4% 1.5%
2020 62,702  30,799 49% 186,174 101,899 538 10 2.1% 0.3% 0.5%
2021 85,574  68,016 79% 257,972 214,464 1,283 7 5.3% 0.5% 0.6%
2022 58,734  54,739 93% 163,281 154,826 753  21.8% 0.5% 0.5%
2023 20,212  19,811 98% 54,625 53,718 8  0.2% % %
Total$358,462 $191,306   1,152,030 611,441 4,349 655      
                      

(1) Calculated as total claims incurred (paid and reserved) divided by cumulative premiums earned, net of reinsurance.
(2) Calculated as the sum of the number of claims paid ever to date and number of loans in default divided by policies ever in force.
(3) Calculated as the number of loans in default divided by number of policies in force.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending reserve balances for primary insurance claims and claim expenses (benefits):

 For the three months ended June 30, For the six months ended June 30,
 2023
 2022
 2023
 2022
 (In Thousands)
Beginning balance$108,157  $102,372  $99,836  $103,551 
Less reinsurance recoverables(1) (23,479)  (20,080)  (21,587)  (20,320)
Beginning balance, net of reinsurance recoverables 84,678   82,292   78,249   83,231 
        
Add claims incurred:       
Claims and claim expenses (benefits) incurred:       
Current year(2) 17,262   8,707   44,870   18,787 
Prior years(3) (14,389)  (11,743)  (35,296)  (22,442)
Total claims and claim expenses (benefits) incurred 2,873   (3,036)  9,574   (3,655)
        
Less claims paid:       
Claims and claim expenses paid:       
Current year(2) 54   26   54   26 
Prior years(3) 1,072   356   1,344   676 
Total claims and claim expenses paid 1,126   382   1,398   702 
        
Reserve at end of period, net of reinsurance recoverables 86,425   78,874   86,425   78,874 
Add reinsurance recoverables(1) 24,023   19,588   24,023   19,588 
Ending balance$110,448  $98,462  $110,448  $98,462 
                

(1) Related to ceded losses recoverable under the QSR Transactions.
(2) Related to insured loans with their most recent defaults occurring in the current year. For example, if a loan defaulted in a prior year and subsequently cured and later re-defaulted in the current year, the default would be included in the current year. Amounts are presented net of reinsurance and included $39.1 million attributed to net case reserves and $5.0 million attributed to net IBNR reserves for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and $14.0 million attributed to net case reserves and $4.5 million attributed to net IBNR reserves for the six months ended June 30, 2022.
(3) Related to insured loans with defaults occurring in prior years, which have been continuously in default before the start of the current year. Amounts are presented net of reinsurance and included $30.3 million attributed to net case reserves and $4.5 million attributed to net IBNR reserves for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and $17.0 million attributed to net case reserves and $4.7 million attributed to net IBNR reserves for the six months ended June 30, 2022.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending count of loans in default:

 For the three months ended June 30, For the six months ended June 30,
 2023
 2022
 2023
 2022
Beginning default inventory4,475  5,238  4,449  6,227 
Plus: new defaults1,417  1,069  2,975  2,232 
Less: cures(1,493) (2,011) (3,000) (4,143)
Less: claims paid(46) (24) (67) (43)
Less: rescission and claims denied(4) (1) (8) (2)
Ending default inventory4,349  4,271  4,349  4,271 
            

The following table provides details of our claims paid, before giving effect to claims ceded under the QSR Transactions, for the periods indicated:

 For the three months ended June 30, For the six months ended June 30,
  2023   2022   2023   2022 
 ($ Values In Thousands)
Number of claims paid(1) 46   24   67   43 
Total amount paid for claims$1,386  $471  $1,730  $873 
Average amount paid per claim$30  $20  $26  $20 
Severity(2) 62%  46%  56%  43%
                

(1) Count includes 17 and 24 claims settled without payment during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, and 10 and 16 claims settled without payment during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively.
(2) Severity represents the total amount of claims paid including claim expenses divided by the related RIF on the loan at the time the claim is perfected, and is calculated including claims settled without payment.

The following table shows our average reserve per default, before giving effect to reserves ceded under the QSR Transactions, as of the dates indicated:

 As of June 30,
Average reserve per default: 2023  2022
 (In Thousands)
Case(1)$23.5 $21.3
IBNR(1)(2) 1.9  1.8
Total$25.4 $23.1
      

(1) Defined as the gross reserve per insured loan in default.
(2) Amount includes claims adjustment expenses.

The following table provides a comparison of the PMIERs available assets and risk-based required asset amount as reported by NMIC as of the dates indicated:

 As of
 June 30, 2023 March 31, 2023 June 30, 2022
 (In Thousands)
Available Assets$2,491,280 $2,480,882 $2,169,388
Risk-Based Required Assets 1,317,961  1,231,780  1,240,143

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